Samuel Vanness v. State

• Court: Court of Appeals of Texas
• Decided: October 18, 2012
• Docket: 10-11-00079-CR
• Status: Published

Opinion

IN THE TENTH COURT OF APPEALS

No. 10-11-00079-CR

SAMUEL VAN NESS, Appellant v.

THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee

From the County Court at Law Walker County, Texas Trial Court No. 07-1340

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Samuel Van Ness (also referred to as Vanness in the record) appeals his

conviction for driving while intoxicated. We will affirm.

Van Ness’s sole issue is that the evidence is legally and factually insufficient.

The Court of Criminal Appeals, in Brooks v. State, 323 S.W.3d 893, 912 (Tex. Crim. App.

2010), abandoned the factual-sufficiency standard in criminal cases; we thus need only

consider the sufficiency of the evidence under the legal-sufficiency standard articulated

in Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 2789, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979). The Court of Criminal Appeals has expressed our standard of review of a

sufficiency issue as follows:

In determining whether the evidence is legally sufficient to support a conviction, a reviewing court must consider all of the evidence in the light most favorable to the verdict and determine whether, based on that evidence and reasonable inferences therefrom, a rational fact finder could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 318-19 (1979); Hooper v. State, 214 S.W.3d 9, 13 (Tex. Crim. App. 2007). This “familiar standard gives full play to the responsibility of the trier of fact fairly to resolve conflicts in the testimony, to weigh the evidence, and to draw reasonable inferences from basic facts to ultimate facts.” Jackson, 443 U.S. at 319. “Each fact need not point directly and independently to the guilt of the appellant, as long as the cumulative force of all the incriminating circumstances is sufficient to support the conviction.” Hooper, 214 S.W.3d at 13.

Lucio v. State, 351 S.W.3d 878, 894 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011), cert. denied, 132 S.Ct. 2712

(2012).

The Court of Criminal Appeals has also explained that our review of “all of the

evidence” includes evidence that was properly and improperly admitted. Conner v.

State, 67 S.W.3d 192, 197 (Tex. Crim. App. 2001). And if the record supports conflicting

inferences, we must presume that the factfinder resolved the conflicts in favor of the

prosecution and therefore defer to that determination. Jackson, 443 U.S. at 326, 99 S.Ct.

at 2793. Furthermore, direct and circumstantial evidence are treated equally:

“Circumstantial evidence is as probative as direct evidence in establishing the guilt of

an actor, and circumstantial evidence alone can be sufficient to establish guilt.” Hooper,

214 S.W.3d at 13. Finally, it is well established that the factfinder is entitled to judge the

credibility of witnesses and can choose to believe all, some, or none of the testimony

presented by the parties. Chambers v. State, 805 S.W.2d 459, 461 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991).

Van Ness v. State Page 2 A person commits the offense of driving while intoxicated “if the person is

intoxicated while operating a motor vehicle in a public place.” TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. §

49.04(a) (West Supp. 2012); see Purvis v. State, 4 S.W.3d 118, 120 (Tex. App.—Waco 1999,

no pet.). Intoxicated means, in part, “not having the normal use of mental or physical

faculties by reason of the introduction of alcohol, a controlled substance, a drug, a

dangerous drug, a combination of two or more of those substances, or any other

substance into the body.” TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 49.01(2)(A).

The only witness at trial was DPS trooper Brian Hebert, who said that he made

contact with Van Ness after being given information that a red pickup truck that Van

Ness was standing next to in a gas station parking lot had been involved in an accident

and had left the scene. Van Ness told Hebert that a girl had wrecked the truck, which

had a flat tire, so Van Ness drove it from where the wreck occurred to the gas station

parking lot so he could change the flat. Hebert said that he smelled alcohol on Van

Ness’s breath and that his speech was slurred. The encounter was videotaped from

Hebert’s patrol car, and the video was shown to the jury.

Van Ness told Hebert that he had been drinking tequila, and when asked how

much tequila he had had to drink, Van Ness replied, “Enough.” Hebert replied,

“Enough to make your drunk?” Van Ness answered, “Enough I guess.” In response to

Hebert’s statement that Van Ness had told him he was drunk “a while ago,” Van Ness

replied, “Yes sir, I am.” Van Ness also said that he had just driven the truck from the

scene of the wreck to the parking lot, and that Hebert could take him to jail if he wanted

Van Ness v. State Page 3 to.

Hebert then attempted to have Van Ness perform field sobriety tests. On the

horizontal gaze nystagmus, Van Ness did not follow Hebert’s finger with his eyes; he

kept staring at Hebert, who opined that this behavior was a sign of intoxication. During

his performance of the walk-and-turn test, Van Ness stopped and argued with Hebert,

then he began hopping and dancing while counting steps, which Hebert opined was a

sign of impairment, even though he admitted that Van Ness showed balance while

dancing. Van Ness then further argued with and cursed at Hebert, who next had Van

Ness perform the one-legged stand. During that test, Van Ness was unable to maintain

his balance and walked over to truck and “assumed the arrest position.” Hebert placed

handcuffs on Van Ness and searched the truck. During the search, Van Ness argued

with Hebert and yelled and cursed at onlookers, all of which was, in Hebert’s opinion, a

sign of intoxication. At one point in their interaction, Van Ness laid down on the

ground and asked Hebert to beat him up, which, in Hebert’s opinion, was another sign

of intoxication. In conclusion, Hebert said that, in his opinion, Van Ness had lost the

use of his physical and mental faculties.

In his sufficiency complaint, Van Ness asserts that, while he admitted to Hebert

at the scene that he was intoxicated, Van Ness did not say how intoxicated he was. But

as we have just outlined above, the State did not rely solely on Van Ness’s admission; it

offered considerable evidence of Van Ness’s intoxication, including Hebert’s opinion

that Van Ness was intoxicated because Van Ness had lost the use of his physical and

mental faculties.

Van Ness v. State Page 4 Van Ness also asserts that there is no evidence that he was “actually intoxicated

while he operated the truck.” But “[u]nder the Jackson test, we permit juries to draw

multiple reasonable inferences as long as each inference is supported by the evidence

presented at trial.” Hooper, 214 S.W.3d at 15. We are to “adhere to the Jackson standard

and determine whether the necessary inferences are reasonable based upon the

combined and cumulative force of all the evidence when viewed in the light most

favorable to the verdict.” Id. at 16-17.

Van Ness admitted that he had been drinking alcohol and that he had driven the

truck. Hebert provided a considerable amount of testimony that Van Ness was

intoxicated. Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the verdict, we hold

that a rational jury could have found beyond a reasonable doubt that Van Ness was

intoxicated when he drove the truck to the gas station parking lot. See, e.g., Purvis, 4

S.W.3d at 121-22. Because the evidence is sufficient, we overrule Van Ness’s sole issue

and affirm the trial court’s judgment.

REX D. DAVIS Justice

Before Chief Justice Gray, Justice Davis, and Justice Scoggins Affirmed Opinion delivered and filed October 18, 2012 Do not publish [CR25]

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