Sample ex rel. Sample v. Saffaf

87 S.W.3d 903, 2002 Mo. App. LEXIS 2114, 2002 WL 31360405
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedOctober 22, 2002
DocketNo. ED 80194
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 87 S.W.3d 903 (Sample ex rel. Sample v. Saffaf) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Sample ex rel. Sample v. Saffaf, 87 S.W.3d 903, 2002 Mo. App. LEXIS 2114, 2002 WL 31360405 (Mo. Ct. App. 2002).

Opinion

WILLIAM H. CRANDALL, JR., Presiding Judge.

Bassam Saffaf appeals from the judgment and commitment order of the trial court that found him in contempt and sentenced him to jail for failure to pay child support and other expenses. We reverse and remand.

On June 10, 1994, Cindy Sample, as next friend of Joshua Sample, filed a petition alleging that Joshua Sample, born December 6,1986, was the minor child of Bassam Saffaf. She sought a declaration of paternity, order of support, custody and reimbursement of necessaries. On May 24, 1995, the trial court entered a default judgment against Saffaf ordering him to pay $725.00 per month child support, provide health, dental and hospitalization insurance for the child, and pay 50% of the child’s medical expenses not covered by insurance. On February 25,1997, the trial court sustained a motion for contempt filed by Cindy Sample and found that Saffaf owed $21,600.00 in child support. To pay the arrearage, the court increased Saffafs monthly child support to $1,087.50. Thereafter, the Department of Social Services issued an administrative order finding that as of February 9, 1999, Saffaf owed $35,329.10 in child support. In September 1999, Saffaf filed a motion to modify and approximately seven months later Cindy Sample filed a motion for contempt.

A family court commissioner conducted a hearing. Cindy Sample and Saffaf testified. Cindy Sample moved to dismiss Saf-fafs motion to modify because he was in contempt of the court’s prior order. The commissioner sustained the motion. In amended findings and recommendations, the commissioner found that Saffaf was guilty of indirect civil contempt and sentenced him to 180 days. The commissioner stayed Saffafs jail sentence upon the following conditions: (1) payment of $5,000.00 to Cindy Sample by February 9, 2001; (2) payment of $2,500.00 by June 1, 2001, December 1, 2001 and every June 1st and December 1st thereafter until the ar-rearage with interest was paid; (3) full compliance with all current and future court or administrative child support orders including, but not limited to all rules and orders of probation entered in Saffafs pending criminal proceeding; and (4) reporting to the court any changes of address or employment within twenty-four hours of the change. On January 19, 2001, the circuit court adopted the commissioner’s findings and recommendations as the amended judgment of the court. Thereafter, the commissioner issued a commitment order. The order provided that Saf-faf had not made the February 9, 2001 payment. Saffaf was committed to jail for 180 days or until he purged himself “by paying CASH BOND, to be used to partially pay the arrearage, of $13,300 and otherwise complying with this Court’s Amended Judgment of Contempt dated January 19, 2001.... ” Saffaf paid the bond. The court ordered the $13,300 to be paid to the Family Support Payment Cen[906]*906ter as partial satisfaction of back child support. Saffaf appeals, raising three points.

In his first point, Saffaf challenges the validity of the contempt judgment and commitment order. Saffaf contends that the judgment and order state legal conclusions rather than the required specific findings of fact.

The amended judgment of contempt provides in part as follows:

... this Court finds that Bassam Saffaf did:
1. Fail to pay child support in the amount of $725.00 per month as ordered in this Court’s judgment dated on or about May 24th, 1995, being in arrears $27,366.24 for child support, $5,112.00 for cost of insurance, $2150.00 for uncovered medical expenses, and $604.59 for prescription costs; and
2. Have the ability to pay.
and which said acts of Bassam Saffaf violated this Court’s order of child support, and which the conduct by violating the Court’s Order was and is material to the above entitled action.
And that after personal service of said charges and a full hearing on the matter at which Bassam Saffaf was provided the opportunity to answer these charges of contempt, this Court finds that he is guilty by reason of said act of indirect civil contempt.

The commitment order contains the language from paragraphs 1 and 2 of the contempt judgment.

Saffaf contends that the findings regarding his contemptuous conduct are insufficient. In contempt proceedings, the facts and circumstances that constitute contempt must be set forth in both the judgment and commitment order. In re Brown, 12 S.W.3d 398, 400 (Mo.App. E.D.2000); State ex rel. Barth v. Corrigan, 870 S.W.2d 458 (Mo.App. E.D.1994). A judgment or commitment order that fails to recite the facts and circumstances that constitute the offense but merely states legal conclusions is insufficient. Roark v. Roark, 723 S.W.2d 439, 441 (Mo.App.1986).

We note initially that the court did not find that Saffaf placed himself in a position where he could not pay and if so “[wjhether he divested himself of assets, voluntarily left employment, refused to seek employment, or whatever, and whether he did so intentionally with the purpose of frustrating enforcement of the court’s order....” Hunt v. Moreland, 697 S.W.2d 326, 328 (Mo.App.1985). Here, the court found that Saffaf failed to pay $35,232.83 in child support and other expenses and that he did “[hjave the ability to pay.” However, the court entered no findings regarding Saffafs past income, his other financial obligations or whether he had assets to support the finding that he had the ability to pay. In re Brown, 12 S.W.3d at 401. The court stated legal conclusions and did not recite the facts and circumstances that constituted the contempt. The failure to set forth with the requisite specificity the facts and circumstances that constituted contempt renders the judgment and commitment order insufficient.1

[907]*907Saffaf next contends that the judgment and commitment order are insufficient because the court made no findings regarding Saffafs present ability to pay the required amounts to purge himself. For a contempt judgment and commitment order to be valid, the trial court must make findings regarding the delinquent party’s ability to pay. Id. at 400; Mischeaux v. Hais, 939 S.W.2d 49, 50 (Mo.App. E.D.1997). The contemnor must have the ability to purge himself or herself to justify imprisonment for civil contempt. Id. Absent the ability to pay, the coercive purpose for civil contempt is frustrated because the contemnor has no key to the jailhouse door. Id.

To purge himself under the commitment order, Saffaf was required to comply with the court’s contempt judgment that provided for among other things Saffaf making certain payments.2 Saffaf was also required to pay a $13,800 bond that was to be used to pay back child support. The trial court made no findings regarding Saffafs present ability to pay the bond and make the required payments. The court found that Saffaf did “[h]ave the ability to pay.” But this does not equate to a finding that he had the present ability to pay. In re Brown, 12 S.W.3d at 401.

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Bluebook (online)
87 S.W.3d 903, 2002 Mo. App. LEXIS 2114, 2002 WL 31360405, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/sample-ex-rel-sample-v-saffaf-moctapp-2002.