Sacerich v. United States

960 F. Supp. 1360, 1997 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4581, 1997 WL 174967
CourtDistrict Court, N.D. Indiana
DecidedMarch 27, 1997
DocketNo. 2:96-CV-93-RL
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 960 F. Supp. 1360 (Sacerich v. United States) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, N.D. Indiana primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Sacerich v. United States, 960 F. Supp. 1360, 1997 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4581, 1997 WL 174967 (N.D. Ind. 1997).

Opinion

ORDER

LOZANO, District Judge.

This matter is before the Court on the Brief and Memorandum of Law in Support of Habeas Corpus Petition, filed by Petitioner, James Joseph Sacerich, on September 23, 1996. For the reasons set forth below, this brief and the section 2255 motion it represents are DENIED, and the Clerk is ORDERED to enter judgment dismissing this case with prejudice.1

BACKGROUND

Movant, James Joseph Sacerich, was named in a multi-count, multi-defendant indictment. Sacerich was charged with a narcotics conspiracy and two tax violations. On the second day of his trial, Sacerich pled guilty to the narcotics conspiracy count and one of the tax counts. The other tax count was dismissed upon the Government’s motion. Several months later, Sacerich was sentenced. However, when it came time for Sacerich to begin serving his sentence, he did not appear. He was apprehended roughly four years later, and is now serving his sentence. Sacerich never took an appeal. Now before the Court is Sacerich’s motion under 28 U.S.C. section 2255.

DISCUSSION

The history of Sacerich’s motion will influence how the Court treats it. Sacerich first filed his motion pro se, attaching a personal affidavit he called a “certification.” Later, an attorney filed an appearance for Sacerich in this section 2255 proceeding. The Court then gave Sacerich and the attorney a choice: (1) proceed on the pro se materials, with the Court not giving them the generous construction usually afforded pro se litigants; or (2) have the attorney redraft and resubmit the materials. (Order of 6/3/96) Sacerich chose the latter, with his counsel filing a new brief accompanied by the same affidavit, plus some other exhibits. In these circumstances, the Court will only consider factual asser[1363]*1363tions and legal arguments that come from proper sources..

As is typical, Saeerich’s motion relies in large part on things he says happened during his ease but that are not reflected in the record. Referring to off-the-record evidence is routine in section 2255 motions, and of itself does not concern the Court. However, some of the off-the-record facts asserted here are not described in Sacerich’s own affidavit, but only in the brief his lawyer prepared. The Court will consider only the affidavit as a source of off-the-record facts, not the brief. Although Sacerich is entitled to a full and fair ruling, the Court does not believe it is obligated to allow unsworn allegations in a brief to govern the scope of a post-conviction proceeding, particularly where the movant is represented by counsel.

Likewise, the Court will take legal arguments only from a proper source. To some extent, Sacerich’s affidavit may offer legal theories not echoed in his lawyer’s brief. Yet the Court will not entertain legal theories contained in the affidavit of a mov-ant represented by counsel. By offering Sacerich the opportunity to have counsel rewrite his brief, the Court did not mean to put itself in the position of having to comb through both a lawyer’s brief and a pro se affidavit to unearth legal theories. The Court will presume that counsel disregarded as unfounded any legal theories mentioned in the affidavit that do not get similar mention in the brief.

Turning to the merits, the thrust of Sace-rich’s motion is that his trial counsel delivered ineffective assistance in several ways. The governing test is set forth in Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674 (1984). The Strickland test has two prongs. First, the defendant must show that counsel’s performance fell below the performance standard of the Sixth Amendment. Strickland, 466 U.S. at 687, 104 S.Ct. at 2064. Specifically, the defendant must show that counsel’s performance “ ‘fell below an objective standard of reasonableness’ and ‘outside the wide range of professionally competent assistance.’” Barker v. United States, 7 F.3d 629, 633 (7th Cir.1993) (quoting Strickland, 466 U.S. at 688, 104 S.Ct. at 2064-65). Under the second prong, prejudice, a defendant must show “a reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s unprofessional error, the result of the proceeding would have been different. A reasonable probability is a probability sufficient to undermine confidence in the outcome.” Strickland, 466 U.S. at 694, 104 S.Ct. at 2068.

Sacerich first argues that his counsel was ineffective because he failed to file an appeal. This argument fails because Saee-rich has not even alleged that he asked his counsel to take an appeal.

Criminal defendants have a Sixth Amendment right to effective assistance of counsel on appeal. See Castellanos v. United States, 26 F.3d 717, 718 (7th Cir.1994). Integral to this right is the principle that if the defendant asks the lawyer to appeal, the lawyer must do so. Id. If the lawyer refuses or neglects to file an appeal after the defendant requests one, a per se Sixth Amendment violation occurs, the remedy for which is reinstating the defendant’s appeal rights. Id. at 719-20; United States v. Nagib, 56 F.3d 798, 801 (7th Cir.1995).

“ ‘Request’ is an important ingredient in this formula. A lawyer need not appeal unless the client wants to pursue that avenue.” Castellanos, 26 F.3d at 719. If the defendant never asks the lawyer to appeal, the defendant’s Sixth Amendment rights cannot be violated. Id.

Sacerich’s present counsel seems to assert that Sacerich asked his trial counsel to take an appeal, and trial counsel failed to do so. But in his own affidavit, Sacerich merely asserts that he did not know he had a right to appeal; nowhere does the affidavit suggest that Sacerich asked his counsel to appeal. Despite Sacerich’s professing ignorance of his appeal rights, the transcripts of his plea and sentencing hearings plainly reveal that the Court advised him that he had a right to appeal his sentence. (Plea Tr. 3); (Sent. Tr. 35) Because Sacerieh’s failure-to-appeal argument hinges on the notion that he did not know he could appeal, the argument fails.

[1364]*1364The Court is mindful that the Government itself has stated that an evidentiary hearing is needed to resolve this point. The Court does not concur, however, because even taking Sacerich’s affidavit as true does not establish ineffective assistance. (Perhaps the Government, like Sacerich’s present counsel, read the affidavit more broadly than the Court has.)

Next, Saeerich asserts that his counsel delivered ineffective assistance by failing to advise him that he faced a mandatory minimum sentence of ten years on the narcotics conspiracy count. During Sacerich’s plea hearing, the AUSA told him that he faced no mandatory minimum. Sacerieh’s Presentence Report (“PSR”) also indicated that he did not face any mandatory minimum. Saeerich now says the AUSA and PSR were wrong, that he faced a minimum of ten years, and that his counsel should have told him so.

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Bluebook (online)
960 F. Supp. 1360, 1997 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4581, 1997 WL 174967, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/sacerich-v-united-states-innd-1997.