Roy Austin Smith v. State of Indiana

• Court: Indiana Court of Appeals
• Decided: September 10, 2014
• Docket: 49A02-1312-CR-1091
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be regarded as precedent or cited before any Sep 10 2014, 9:07 am court except for the purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata, collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.

APPELLANT PRO SE: ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE:

ROY AUSTIN SMITH GREGORY F. ZOELLER Carlisle, Indiana Attorney General of Indiana

BRIAN REITZ Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

ROY AUSTIN SMITH, ) ) Appellant-Defendant, ) ) vs. ) No. 49A02-1312-CR-1091 ) STATE OF INDIANA, ) ) Appellee-Plaintiff. )

APPEAL FROM THE MARION SUPERIOR COURT The Honorable Grant W. Hawkins, Judge Cause No. CR81-017E

September 10, 2014

MEMORANDUM DECISION – NOT FOR PUBLICATION

BAKER, Judge Roy Austin Smith appeals the trial court’s denial of his motion to correct

erroneous sentence. We affirm.

FACTS

In 1982, Smith was convicted of murder and was found to be an habitual offender.

He was sentenced to an executed term of sixty years for the murder, enhanced by thirty

years for the habitual offender finding. On September 18, 1984, our Supreme Court

affirmed his conviction and sentence. Smith v. State, 468 N.E.2d 512 (Ind. 1984). On

September 21, 2007, Smith filed a pro se petition for post-conviction relief. On

September 11, 2012, the post-conviction court denied Smith’s petition, and on May 23,

2013, this Court affirmed the denial of the petition. Smith v. State, No. 49A02-1209-PC-

783, memo op. (Ind. Ct. App. May 23, 2013). On December 9, 2013, approximately

thirty years after his murder conviction and sentencing, Smith filed a motion to correct

erroneous sentence. The trial court denied his motion the same day. Smith now appeals.

DISCUSSION AND DECISION

We review a trial court’s decision on a motion to correct erroneous sentence only

for an abuse of discretion. Fry v. State, 939 N.E.2d 687, 689 (Ind. Ct. App. 2010). An

abuse of discretion occurs when the trial court’s decision is against the logic and effect of

the facts and circumstances before it. Myers v. State, 718 N.E.2d 783, 789 (Ind. Ct. App.

1999).

2 Smith argues that the trial court erred in denying his motion to correct erroneous

sentence and contends that his sentence is illegal because his penalty was increased

without the jury finding aggravating factors beyond a reasonable doubt.

Notwithstanding this contention, Smith’s claims are not properly presented in a

motion to correct erroneous sentence. It is true that an inmate who believes he has been

erroneously sentenced may file a motion to correct the sentence pursuant to Indiana Code

section 35-38-1-15.1 Neff v. State, 888 N.E.2d 1249, 1250-51 (Ind. 2008). However, in

Robinson v. State, 805 N.E.2d 783 (Ind. 2004), our Supreme Court addressed the

difference between a motion to correct erroneous sentence and a petition for post-

conviction relief, holding that:

When claims of sentencing errors require consideration of matters outside the face of the sentencing judgment, they are best addressed promptly on direct appeal and thereafter via post-conviction relief proceedings where applicable. Use of the statutory motion to correct sentence should thus be narrowly confined to claims apparent from the face of the sentencing judgment, and the “facially erroneous” prerequisite should henceforth be strictly applied.

Id. at 787. In other words, claims that require consideration of the proceedings before,

during, or after trial may not be presented by way of a motion to correct erroneous

sentence. Id. Sentencing claims that are not facially apparent “may be raised only on

direct appeal and, where appropriate, by post-conviction proceedings.” Id.

1 Indiana Code section 35-38-1-15 provides: “If the convicted person is erroneously sentenced, the mistake does not render the sentence void. The sentence shall be corrected after written notice is given to the convicted person. The convicted person and his counsel must be present when the corrected sentence is ordered. A motion to correct sentence must be in writing and supported by a memorandum of law specifically pointing out the defect in the original sentence.”

3 Here, Smith’s allegation that his sentence is illegal because his penalty was

increased without the jury finding aggravating factors beyond a reasonable doubt requires

consideration of matters outside the face of the sentencing judgment. Therefore, we find

that a motion to correct erroneous sentence was an improper vehicle for Smith’s

arguments.

We also note that, as this argument was available to Smith at the time he filed his

petition for post-conviction relief, and he failed to raise it, it is waived in subsequent

post-conviction proceedings. See Poling v. State, 740 N.E.2d 872, 884 (Ind. Ct. App.

2000). Moreover, when reaching the substance of Smith’s argument, we find that it is

without merit. Smith argues that Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296 (2004), should be

retroactively applied to his case to afford him relief. In Blakely, the Supreme Court of

the United States held that defendants have a Sixth Amendment constitutional right to

have a jury, prior to sentencing, determine all punishment-increasing facts. Id. Smith

argues that the sentence violated his Sixth Amendment right to a jury because his penalty

was increased without the jury finding aggravating facts beyond a reasonable doubt.

However, our Supreme Court held in Smylie v. State that it would only apply Blakely to

cases on direct review at the time Blakely was announced. 823 N.E.2d 679, 690-91 (Ind.

2005). As Smith’s direct appeal was decided in 1984, his case would not have been on

direct review in 2004, when Blakely was announced. Smith, 468 N.E.2d at 512.

Therefore his argument also fails on the merits.

4 The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.

KIRSCH, J., and ROBB, J., concur.