Roxey v. Smallwood

2016 Ohio 720

• Court: Ohio Court of Appeals
• Decided: February 23, 2016
• Docket: 15-CA-15 & 15-CA-39
• Status: Published

Opinion

[Cite as Roxey v. Smallwood, 2016-Ohio-720.]

COURT OF APPEALS FAIRFIELD COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

DONNALYN I. ROXEY : JUDGES: : Hon. William B. Hoffman, P.J. Petitioner - Appellee : Hon. Patricia A. Delaney, J. : Hon. Craig R. Baldwin, J. -vs- : : ROBERT C. SMALLWOOD, JR. : Case Nos. 15-CA-15 and 15-CA-39 : Respondent - Appellant : OPINION

CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Fairfield County Court of Common Pleas, Case No. 2014 CP 00022

JUDGMENT: Affirmed

DATE OF JUDGMENT: February 23, 2016

APPEARANCES:

For Petitioner-Appellee For Respondent-Appellant

ORVAL E. FIELDS, II NICHOLAS R. GRILLI KRISTI R. MCANAUL ALYSSA L. PARROTT Orval Fields & Associates, Co., L.P.A. Dagger, Johnston, Miller, 660 Hill Road. N., PO Box 220 Ogilvie & Hampson Pickerington, Ohio 43147 144 East Main Street, PO Box 667 Lancaster, Ohio 43130 Fairfield County, Case No. 15-CA-15 and 15-CA-39 2

Baldwin, J.

{¶1} Appellant Robert C. Smallwood, Jr. appeals a judgment of the Fairfield

County Common Pleas Court issuing a civil stalking protection order (CSPO) against him

and in favor of appellee Donnalyn I. Roxey, and a judgment overruling his motion for Civ.

R. 60(B) relief from said order.

STATEMENT OF THE FACTS AND CASE

{¶2} On October 16, 2014, appellee filed a petition for a CSPO, and an ex parte

order was issued on the same date. The order protected both appellee, who was

previously married to appellant, and appellee’s minor daughter from a previous

relationship. The order further provided for exchange of the parties’ minor daughter, who

was at the time the subject of a share parenting agreement, at the Pickerington police

station. The order sets forth that the full hearing would be held on November 24, 2014,

and reflects service of the order on appellant. Although service initially was returned as

failed, the docket reflects that the order was served on appellant on October 27, 2014.

{¶3} Appellee moved to continue the November 24, 2014 hearing. The motion

for continuance included a certificate of service on appellant. The court granted the

motion and set the hearing for February 20, 2015. The record does not reflect that the

notice of the new hearing date was served on appellant.

{¶4} The case proceeded to a full hearing on February 20, 2015. Appellant

failed to appear, and the magistrate noted on the record that it did not appear that

appellant had been served. Counsel for appellee responded that his understanding was

that appellant was served at the jail at some point in the last two weeks. The magistrate Fairfield County, Case No. 15-CA-15 and 15-CA-39 3

noted that notice of the new hearing date would not be part of what they served him, but

she would see if appellant could be brought to court from the jail for the hearing.

{¶5} Appellant was brought up from the jail and orally waived his right to a full

hearing. The magistrate explained that he would be waiving his right to a full hearing, his

right to cross-examine witnesses, his right to look at the evidence presented by appellee,

and his right to present witnesses and evidence on his own behalf. The magistrate further

explained that he was waiving the right to request specific factual findings from the court.

The magistrate read the terms of the CSPO to appellant. When she finished, appellant

asked two questions. First, he asked to clarify that the persons protected under the order

were appellee and her minor daughter, and second, he asked a question regarding how

the order would work if he encountered appellee while driving. Appellant then signed a

written waiver of a full hearing on the CSPO.

{¶6} Appellant filed a notice of appeal from the CSPO, which was assigned case

number 15-CA-15. Appellant also filed a motion for Civ. R. 60(B) relief from the order, or

in the alternative a motion to modify the CSPO to allow peaceful, reasonable contact

between the parties relating to their minor child. This Court remanded the case to the

trial court to rule on the Civ. R. 60(B) motion. The trial court overruled the motion, and

appellant filed a notice of appeal from that order, assigned case number 15-CA-39. This

Court consolidated the two appeals.

{¶7} Appellant assigns four errors:

{¶8} “I. THE TRIAL COURT DENIED APPELLANT HIS DUE PROCESS WHEN

IT ISSUED ITS JUDGMENT ENTRY/CIVIL STALKING PROTECTION ORDER FULL Fairfield County, Case No. 15-CA-15 and 15-CA-39 4

HEARING (O.R.C. §2903.214) HAVING NEVER SERVED APPELLANT WITH PROPER

NOTICE OF THE CONTINUED FULL HEARING.

{¶9} “II. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN ISSUING ITS JUDGMENT

ENTRY/CIVIL STALKING PROTECTION ORDER FULL HEARING (O.R.C. §2903.214)

WITHOUT APPELLANT KNOWINGLY AND INTELLIGENTLY WAIVING HIS RIGHT TO

A FULL HEARING OF THE CIVIL STALKING PROTECTION ORDER.

{¶10} “III. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN DENYING APPELLANT’S MOTION

FOR CIV. R. 60(B) RELIEF AND NOT SETTING ASIDE ITS JUDGMENT ENTRY/CIVIL

STALKING PROTECTION ORDER FULL HEARING (O.R.C. §2903.214).

{¶11} “IV. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN DENYING APPELLANT’S MOTION

FOR CIV. R. 60(B) RELIEF WITHOUT FIRST HAVING AN EVIDENTIARY HEARING ON

APPELLANT’S MOTION FOR CIV. R. 60(B) RELIEF.”

I.

{¶12} Appellant argues that he was denied due process because he was not

served with proper notice of the continued full hearing.

{¶13} R.C. 2903.14(D)(2)(a) provides for notice of the full hearing on a CSPO and

sets forth the procedure regarding continuing the full hearing:

(2)(a) If the court, after an ex parte hearing, issues a protection order

described in division (E) of this section, the court shall schedule a full

hearing for a date that is within ten court days after the ex parte hearing.

The court shall give the respondent notice of, and an opportunity to be heard

at, the full hearing. The court shall hold the full hearing on the date

scheduled under this division unless the court grants a continuance of the Fairfield County, Case No. 15-CA-15 and 15-CA-39 5

hearing in accordance with this division. Under any of the following

circumstances or for any of the following reasons, the court may grant a

continuance of the full hearing to a reasonable time determined by the court:

(i) Prior to the date scheduled for the full hearing under this

division, the respondent has not been served with the petition filed pursuant

to this section and notice of the full hearing.

(ii) The parties consent to the continuance.

(iii) The continuance is needed to allow a party to obtain counsel.

(iv) The continuance is needed for other good cause.

{¶14} In Oddo v. Spencer, 5th Dist. Stark No. 2008CA00215, 2009-Ohio-4320,

the full hearing on a CPO was set for July 24, 2008 at 10:00 a.m. At 9:00 on the morning

of the hearing, the respondent appeared at the courthouse at the request of the sheriff’s

department, and at that time was served with the petition, the ex parte order, and the

notice of the full hearing. We concluded that appellant received reasonable notice and

an opportunity to be heard, and the trial court did not abuse its discretion in proceeding

with the full hearing. Id. at ¶16. In the instant case, appellant had received notice of the

petition, the ex parte order, the original date of the full hearing and the motion to continue

the full hearing prior to the date of the full hearing, and received notice of the actual date

of the full hearing on the hearing date. Pursuant to our decision in Oddo, we find

reasonable notice was afforded to appellant under the circumstances presented, and the

trial court did not err in failing to sua sponte reset the hearing to another date.

{¶15} Further, the defense of insufficiency of service attacks the court’s

jurisdiction, and must be asserted by a party’s first pleading, motion, or appearance in the Fairfield County, Case No. 15-CA-15 and 15-CA-39 6

case. E.g., Smith v. Hensel, 5th Dist. Ashland No. 04-COA-077, 04-COA-078, 2005-

Ohio-3465, ¶12. If a party appears for any purpose other than to object to jurisdiction,

the party is deemed to have entered a general appearance in the action and voluntarily

submitted himself to the jurisdiction of the court. Id. As appellant did not object to the

lack of service at his first opportunity, he submitted himself to the jurisdiction of the court

and cannot now complain of lack of notice.

{¶16} The first assignment of error is overruled.

II.

{¶17} In his second assignment of error, appellant argues that his waiver of a full

hearing was not knowing and voluntary. He argues that the court erred in failing to inquire

as to whether he wished to continue the case in order to consult with counsel.

{¶18} In Oddo, supra, the respondent argued that the magistrate should have

inquired about his readiness to proceed and his interest in obtaining an attorney to

represent him in a CPO action. In rejecting his argument, we concluded that full colloquy

requirements, such as those set forth in a Crim. R. 11 plea proceeding, were not required

in a civil protection proceeding. 2009-Ohio-4320, ¶16. Since proceedings involving the

determination of whether to grant a protection order are civil, a defendant is generally not

entitled to legal representation. Walker v. Walker, 5th Dist. Stark No. 2010CA00311,

2011-Ohio-3933, ¶16. Counsel for appellant had not entered an appearance in the

instant action, and appellant did not indicate to the court that he was represented and

wished to consult with counsel prior to proceeding.

{¶19} Appellant then appeared in open court and orally waived his right to a full

hearing. The magistrate explained that he would be waiving his right to a full hearing, his Fairfield County, Case No. 15-CA-15 and 15-CA-39 7

right to cross-examine witnesses, his right to look at the evidence presented by appellee,

and his right to present witnesses and evidence on his own behalf. The magistrate further

explained that he was waiving the right to request specific factual findings from the court.

The magistrate read the terms of the CSPO to appellant. When she finished, appellant

asked two questions. First, he asked to clarify that the persons protected under the order

were appellee and her minor daughter, and second, he asked a question regarding how

the order would work if he encountered appellee while driving. Appellant then signed a

written waiver of a full hearing on the order. Nothing in the record demonstrates that his

waiver was not knowing and voluntary.

{¶20} The second assignment of error is overruled.

III., IV.

{¶21} In his third and fourth assignments of error, appellant argues that the court

erred in overruling his motion for Civ. R. 60(B) relief from judgment and in failing to hold

an evidentiary hearing on his motion.

{¶22} To prevail on a motion to vacate a judgment pursuant to Civ. R. 60(B), the

movant must demonstrate that: (1) the party has a meritorious defense to present if relief

is granted; (2) the party is entitled to relief under one of the grounds stated in Civ.R.

60(B)(1) through (5); and (3) the motion is made within a reasonable time, and where the

grounds of relief are Civ.R. 60(B)(1), (2), or (3), not more than one year after the judgment.

GTE Automatic Electric Company, Inc. v. ARC Industries, Inc., 47 Ohio St.2d 146, 351

N.E.2d 113, paragraph two of the syllabus (1976).

{¶23} The decision to grant or deny a Civ.R. 60(B) motion lies within the trial

court's discretion, and the decision will be reversed only for an abuse of discretion. Griffey Fairfield County, Case No. 15-CA-15 and 15-CA-39 8

v. Rajan, 33 Ohio St.3d 75, 77, 514 N.E.2d 1122(1987). The phrase “abuse of discretion”

connotes more than an error of law or judgment; it implies that the court's attitude is

unreasonable, arbitrary, or unconscionable. Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio St.3d 217,

219, 450 N.E.2d 1140(1983).

{¶24} Appellant moved for relief from judgment pursuant to Civ. R. 60(B) (1), (4)

and (5):

On motion and upon such terms as are just, the court may relieve a

party or his legal representative from a final judgment, order or proceeding

for the following reasons: (1) mistake, inadvertence, surprise or excusable

neglect . . . (4) the judgment has been satisfied, released or discharged, or

a prior judgment upon which it is based has been reversed or otherwise

vacated, or it is no longer equitable that the judgment should have

prospective application; or (5) any other reason justifying relief from the

judgment.

{¶25} In his affidavit attached to the motion, appellant avers that had he known

the CSPO could affect his ability to communicate with his ex-wife concerning their minor

daughter, and would therefore affect his ability to maintain shared parenting of his

daughter, he would not have waived the full hearing. However, he does not set forth a

meritorious defense to the CSPO proceeding. The court did not err in overruling the

motion for Civ. R. 60(B) relief without a hearing.

{¶26} The third and fourth assignments of error are overruled. Fairfield County, Case No. 15-CA-15 and 15-CA-39 9

{¶27} Appellee filed a motion to enlarge the record on appeal on December 29,

2015. On January 7, 2016, this Court took the motion under advisement pending merit

review. Appellee’s motion is overruled.

{¶28} The judgment of the Fairfield County Common Pleas Court is affirmed.

Costs are assessed to appellant.

By: Baldwin, J. and

Delaney, J. concurs.

Hoffman, P.J. concurs separately

HON. CRAIG R. BALDWIN

HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN

HON. PATRICIA A. DELANEY

CRB/rad Fairfield County, Case No. 15-CA-15 and 15-CA-39 10

Hoffman, P.J., concurring

{¶29} I concur in the majority’s analysis and disposition of Appellant’s second,

third and fourth assignments of error.

{¶30} I further concur in the majority’s disposition of Appellant’s first assignment

of error. I do not find the record affirmatively demonstrates Appellant ever received written

notice of the hearing by the trial court.1 Nevertheless, I concur in the decision to overrule

Appellant’s first assignment of error because of his failure to request a continuance and

his subsequent waiver of a full hearing which would supersede any error relative to his

failure to receive written notice of the hearing.2

1 In our Spencer case noted by the majority, the Appellant therein received written notice, albeit on the same day as the hearing. 2 I find the majority’s discussion of jurisdiction based upon a party’s appearance in court

of little relevance to Appellant’s due process argument.