Romano v. Pandapas

330 So. 2d 96, 1976 Fla. App. LEXIS 14126
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedMarch 23, 1976
DocketNo. X-405
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 330 So. 2d 96 (Romano v. Pandapas) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Romano v. Pandapas, 330 So. 2d 96, 1976 Fla. App. LEXIS 14126 (Fla. Ct. App. 1976).

Opinion

RAWLS, Acting Chief Judge.

The primary issue in this appeal is whether appellant Romano (buyer) is entitled to specific performance pursuant to a real estate contract entered into with ap-pellee Pandapas (seller).

The buyer contends that the trial court erred by entering summary judgment for the seller; that it should have entered summary judgment in his behalf, or at least found that a material issue of fact is present.

In December of 1972, Romano, who lived in Illinois, contacted a real estate agent in Daytona Beach about purchasing a parcel of land that adjoined land he owned in Volusia County, Florida. The realtor advised Romano that the subject property had been on the market two months ago at thirty-two hundred and fifty dollars per acre.1 The realtor then contacted Panda-pas, who was vacationing with his wife and children at Sun Valley, Idaho, by telephone and advised that he had a potential buyer for the property. Pandapas asked the realtor what he thought it was worth, and the reply was “thirty-two fifty” an acre. Pandapas then told the realtor to “get a contract, see how it looked.” The realtor prepared an option contract and sent it to Romano. Upon examining the option contract forwarded by the realtor, Romano discovered that it included not only the property of Pandapas but also property owned by Romano. The contract ff was redrafted by Romano, who executed same, and forwarded it to the realtor. The realtor then called Pandapas, who was still in Idaho, Pandapas telephoned his attorney, Paul E. Raymond, in Daytona Beach, asked him to examine the contract, and asked Raymond to sign it as “his attorney or agent”. Raymond examined the contract, made some changes by adding to it certain restrictions and exceptions contained in the title, signed it “George Pan-dapas by Paul Raymond his attorney and agent”, and returned it to the realtor.

On New Year’s Eve or New Year’s Day (1973), Pandapas, who was still vacationing at Sun Valley with his family, told his wife that he had agreed to sell the subject property, and she at this time did not approve or disapprove. Pandapas returned to Daytona Beach on January 5, 1973. Pandapas testified that on January 8, 1973, he received a telephone call from a Mr. Townsend, a realtor, and that the following conversation transpired:

"... since Mr. White is going to buy Mr. Romano’s property, they may be interested in mine and I sighed and said, ‘It’s tough, you will have to speak to Mr. Romano. That property is under contract.’ And I asked him at that time what Mr. Romano is selling his property for and he said something in the vicinity of nine thousand dollars an acre.”

[98]*98In continuing his testimony, Pandapas stated:

“That night, when I talked to my wife, I told her that I had had a kick in the teeth that day. I found the property which I had contracted to sell for thirty-two hundred an acre might be worth considerably more and I told her what Jimmy Townsend told me whereupon she hit the roof, said she would not go along with it, and threatened to call her lawyer and find out what her position is.
“Whereupon, I asked for a copy of the option contract to find out how somehow I could get out of it because it put me in a very embarrassing situation.
“After considerable thinking, I asked Mr. Raymond if there is someway we could notify Mr. Romano that I can’t go through with the transaction.
“That is when the telegram went out to Mr. Romano.” 2

The option contract provided February 21, 1973, as the closing date. Romano and his attorney met with Raymond (Pandapas’ attorney) on that date in Daytona Beach and discussed closing the transaction. Raymond advised Romano that Mrs. Pan-dapas would not join in the conveyance, but that Mr. Pandapas would convey whatever interest he had. Romano took the position that he was entitled to a conveyance from Pandapas with abatement in the purchase price for Mrs. Pandapas’ inchoate dower rights. Negotiations between the parties continued for several weeks thereafter, but no accord was reached since Romano insisted that he was legally entitled to abatement and Pandapas refused to convey for any sum less than the contract terms. In May of 1973, Romano instituted the instant suit seeking specific performance. Shortly thereafter, a legislative enactment repealed the statutory provision which provided for inchoate dower effective October 1, 1973. Romano then advised Pandapas that he would accept his conveyance without abatement, which offer was refused on the grounds that the time for performance of the contract had expired. Romano subsequently amended his complaint removing his objection to Pan-dapas’ conveyance without the wife’s join-der. Summary judgment was later entered by the trial court in favor of Pandapas.

In Knox v. Spratt, 23 Fla. 64, 6 So. 924 (1887), the Supreme Court stated:

“The doctrine that, in case the vendor is unable to comply with the contract by reason of not having legal title to all the land sold, yet that the vendee is entitled to a specific performance of the contract for such as is in the power of the vendor to convey, with compensation for the residue, is undoubted.” (emphasis supplied)

This doctrine is reiterated in Fisher v. Miller, 92 Fla. 48, 109 So. 257 (1926), wherein the wife’s inchoate dower interest was the primary question. The Supreme Court, in quoting extensively from Pome-roy’s Specific Performance, adopted the view that specific performance with abatement was available to a vendee without notice that the vendor is married. In so holding, the court unequivocally stated: “The marriage status should not be used as a shield to prevent the enforcement of the just obligation of a man who presents no other excuse to justify his nonperformance.” (emphasis supplied) Paradise Pools v. Genauer, 104 So.2d 860 (Fla.App.3d 1958), is squarely in point. There, the appellate court, citing Fisher, supra, held that the vendee was entitled to specific performance of an option contract with the vendor with an abatement of the purchase price in the absence of a release of the wife’s dower, if the vendee was not [99]*99charged with notice or knowledge of the marital status of the vendor.

Romano’s complaint alleged that he had no knowledge that Pandapas was married at the time the option agreement was entered into. Pandapas answered that he was without knowledge as to this allegation and affirmatively alleged that Romano had a duty to inquire as to his marital status. Depositions of the parties, attorney Raymond, and an affidavit of the realtor wholly fail to prove any knowledge on the part of Romano as to Pandapas being married. The initial agreement was prepared by the realtor, forwarded to Romano at his office in Chicago, and examined by Raymond. Although Raymond was fully aware that his client Pandapas was married, the initial contract was in the sole name of Pandapas, as seller. Romano revised the contract, primarily as to description, and forwarded same back to the realtor together with the agreed upon earnest money. Prior to executing the contract, Raymond added certain title exceptions which were subsequently initialed by Romano. The final contract did not mention Pandapas’ marital status. Pandapas testified in his deposition: “I asked Mr.

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Bluebook (online)
330 So. 2d 96, 1976 Fla. App. LEXIS 14126, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/romano-v-pandapas-fladistctapp-1976.