Roman v. Allegheny General Hospital

56 Pa. D. & C.2d 687, 1971 Pa. Dist. & Cnty. Dec. LEXIS 39
CourtPennsylvania Court of Common Pleas, Alleghany County
DecidedDecember 8, 1971
Docketno. 1627
StatusPublished

This text of 56 Pa. D. & C.2d 687 (Roman v. Allegheny General Hospital) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Pennsylvania Court of Common Pleas, Alleghany County primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Roman v. Allegheny General Hospital, 56 Pa. D. & C.2d 687, 1971 Pa. Dist. & Cnty. Dec. LEXIS 39 (Pa. Super. Ct. 1971).

Opinion

DOYLE, J.,

This case is brought by the minor decedent’s administratrix under the wrongful death act and under the survival act against defendant hospital and defendant physicians, alleging negligence and malpractice. Decedent was admitted to defendant Allegheny General Hospital (hospital) in Pittsburgh, Pa., on- February 25, 1968, and was treated by defendant, Dr. Richard S. Evans (Evans), and defendant Dr. Robert Botkin (Botkin) for a fractured arm and other minor injuries arising out of an automobile collision. Decedent died in the hospital the next day.

The action was commenced by praecipe for writ of summons in trespass filed on February 24, 1969. The original writ was never served on Evans and Botkin, but was reissued on February 1,1971, and, as reissued, was served on Evans and Botkin on February 8, 1971. The complaint was served on May 4, 1971. Defendant physicians preliminarily object to the complaint, demurring to the first count (the wrongful death action) and moving to strike the complaint for plaintiff’s alleged failure to prosecute with due diligence.

The Wrongful Death Act of April 26, 1855, P. L. 309, sec. 2,12 PS§1603, as amended, provides:

“. . . the action shall be brought within one year after death, and not thereafter.” (Italics supplied.)

In Yefko v. Ochs, 437 Pa. 233 (1970), the court stated:

“It is well settled that a writ of summons may be reissued only for a period of time which, when meas[689]*689ured from the date of the original issuance of the writ (or the date of a subsequent valid reissuance thereof) is not longer than the period of time required by the applicable statute of limitations for the bringing of the action.” (Citing cases) (p. 236)

The statute of limitations applicable to wrongful death actions is one year and plaintiff’s writ was not reissued until almost two years had elapsed from the date of original issue. Plaintiff contends that since both the wrongful death action and the survival action were filed at the same time and at the same number, both actions should be subject to the same statute of limitations, particularly the two-year period permitted under the survival action. This argument is without merit. Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 213 provides:

“(e) A cause of action for the wrongful death of a decedent and a cause of action for his injuries which survives his death may be enforced in one action, but if independent actions are commenced they shall be consolidated for trial.
“(3) If an action is commenced to enforce one cause of action, the court, on its own motion or the motion of any party, may stay the action until an action is commenced to enforce the other cause of action and is consolidated therewith or until the commencement of such second action is barred by the applicable statute of limitation.” (Italics supplied.)

1 Goodrich-Amram, Procedural Rules Service (1967) §213(e)-2, (f.n. 4) states:

“4 The difference between the wrongful death action and the survival action extends to the different statute of limitations applicable to them. The provision for mandatory joinder under Rule 213(e) does not repeal the statute of limitations nor permit an [690]*690action to be joined if the statute has already run with respect to it. A motion to amend a wrongful death action, after the latter has been barred by the two-year statute, will be denied. Piacquadio v. Beaver Valley Service Co., 355 Pa. 183, 49 A(2d) 406 (1946).” (p. 73) (Italics supplied.)

Having elected to commence her action by filing a praecipe for a writ of summons, and thereafter having failed either to secure timely service of the writ or to reissue the writ within the required one-year period, plaintiff’s cause of action (in our view; the remedy only, as per decision, infra) is subject to the defense of the statute of limitations. However, defendant physicians’ demurrer to the first count of plaintiff’s complaint cannot be sustained because it is improper to raise the defense of the statute of limitations in wrongful death actions by demurrer. Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure 1017, Pleadings Allowed, provides:

“(b) Preliminary objections are available to any party and are limited to . . .
“(4) a demurrer which may include the bar of a nonwaivable statute of limitations or frauds which bars or destroys the right of action and the applicability of which appears on the face of the complaint or counterclaim. . . .”

Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 1030, New Matter, provides:

“All affirmative defenses, including but not limited to the defenses of accord and satisfaction . . . and, unless previously raised by demurrer and. sustained, the defenses of statute of frauds and statute of limitations, shall be pleaded in a responsive pleading under the heading ‘New Matter.’ ” (Italics supplied.)

In Goldstein v. Stadler, 417 Pa. 589 (1965), the court stated the rule which ultimately controls this first issue:

[691]*691“In Echon v. P.R.R., 365 Pa. 529 (1950), 76 A.2d 175, this Court pointed out that in personal actions [this action was brought under the Wrongful Death Act] the statute of limitations constitutes only a procedural bar to the remedy and not to the cause of action itself. In other types of action, such as workmen’s compensation and mechanic’s lien, the statute of limitations may be a bar to the cause of action and not merely to the remedy. In the latter types of action, where the defect appears on the face of the pleadings, a preliminary objection in the nature of a demurrer may be proper but in the types of action 'where the bar of the statute of limitations goes.to the remedy not the cause of action, the affirmative defense of the statute miLst be raised in New Matter since the procedural bar may be zuaived by agreement, by conduct or by circumstances constituting estoppel and the pleading of the statute under New Matter will afford the opposite party the opportunity to plead, if it can, a waiver of the statute.” (Italics supplied.) (p. 591)

1 Goodrich-Amram, Procedural Rules Service, (1972 Supp.), states:

“. . . the defendant may mistakenly try to raise the [waivable] defense [of statute of limitations] by demurrer and the court may reject the move as procedurally wrong. Defendant must, of course, retain the right to correct his procedural error by raising the defense in the answer”: (pp. 305-6)

Since the Supreme Court has held that the defense of the statute of limitations in a wrongful death action in waivable, that defense cannot be raised by demurrer but may be raised in an answer under new matter. Being bound by Supreme Court interpretation, we must overrule the demurrer to plaintiff’s first count. An appropriate order will be entered.

Defendant physicians also moved to strike the com[692]*692plaint, maintaining that plaintiff was dilatory and failed to. prosecute the case in accordance with law and rule of court.

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Related

Salay v. Braun
235 A.2d 368 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1967)
Yefko v. Ochs
263 A.2d 416 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1970)
Goldstein v. Stadler
208 A.2d 850 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1965)
James Bros. Co. v. Union B. & T. Co. of DuBois
247 A.2d 587 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1968)
Piacquadio v. Beaver Valley Service Co.
49 A.2d 406 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1946)
Potter Title & Trust Co. v. Frank
148 A. 50 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1929)
Echon v. Pennsylyania Railroad
76 A.2d 175 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1950)

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Bluebook (online)
56 Pa. D. & C.2d 687, 1971 Pa. Dist. & Cnty. Dec. LEXIS 39, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/roman-v-allegheny-general-hospital-pactcomplallegh-1971.