Rohan 573 W 161 St LLC v. Feldman

2025 NY Slip Op 30743(U)

• Court: New York Supreme Court, New York County
• Decided: March 3, 2025
• Docket: Index No. 653381/2020
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

Rohan 573 W 161 St LLC v Feldman 2025 NY Slip Op 30743(U) March 3, 2025 Supreme Court, New York County Docket Number: Index No. 653381/2020 Judge: Emily Morales-Minerva Cases posted with a "30000" identifier, i.e., 2013 NY Slip Op 30001(U), are republished from various New York State and local government sources, including the New York State Unified Court System's eCourts Service. This opinion is uncorrected and not selected for official publication. INDEX NO. 653381/2020 NYSCEF DOC. NO. 125 RECEIVED NYSCEF: 03/05/2025

SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK NEW YORK COUNTY PRESENT: HON. EMILY MORALES•MINERVA PART 42M Justice --------------------------~--- --------------------------------------- ------------X INDEX NO. 653381/2020 ROHAN 573 W 161 ST LLC, MOTION DATE 09/17/2024 Plaintiff, MOTION SEQ. NO. 004 - V -

YAN FELDMAN, IGOR SPIVAKOV, FAMILY HEALTH MANAGEMENT LLC, HISPANIC MEDICAL HEALTH, P.C, DECISION + ORDER ON 577W 161 STREET CORPORATION MOTION

Defendants --------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ---X

The following e-filed documents, listed by NYSCEF document number (Motion 004} 120, 121, 123, 124 were read on this motion to/for DISCOVERY

APPEARANCES:

Graff Dispute Resolution, New York, NY (Michael Peter Graff, Esq., of counsel), for plaintiff.

The Esses Law Group, LLC, New York, NY (Leo L. Esses, Esq., of counsel), for defendants.

EMILY MORALES-MINERVA, J.S.C.

In this commercial landlord-tenant action, defendants 577

W. 161 STREET CORPORATION (tenant), Y"AN FELDMAN, IGOR SPIVAKOV,

FAMILY HEALTH MANAGEMENT LLC, and HISPANIC MEDICAL HEALTH, P.C.

(guarantors), move, by notice of motion (sequence number 004),

for an order (a) reopening discovery and vacating note of issue;

and an order (b) granting them the opportunity to seek discovery

related to the new issues raised in the amended complaint of

plaintiff ROHAN 573 W 161 ST LLC (owner) (see NYSCEF Doc. No.

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120, Notice of Motion). Litigants generally seek such relief,

pursuant to the Uniform Civil Rules for the Supreme Court and

the County Court (22 NYCRR §) 202.21 (d) and (e) . 1 However,

defendants fail to cite any authority or standard for their

application.

Owner appears on the motion and submits opposition.

As explained below, the Court denies the motion (seq. no.

004) entirely.

BACKGROUND

Plaintiff ROHAN 573 W 161 ST LLC, owner of commercial

property located at 573 West 161 Street in New York City, leased

a medical office within the subject property to defendant tenant

577 W 161 STREET CORPORATION (tenant) pursuant to a lease

agreement, dated December 10, 2019 (New York State Court

Electronic Filing System [NYSCEF] Doc. No. 29, Lease Agreement)

1 Section 202.21, governing notice of issue and certificate of readiness, provides, in applicable part: "(d) Pretrial proceedings. Where unusual or unanticipated circumstances develop subsequent to the filling of note of issue and certificate of readiness which require additional pretrial proceedings to prevent substantial prejudice, the court, upon motion supported by affidavit, may grant permission to conduct such necessary proceedings;" "(e) Vacating note of issue. Within 20 days after service of the note of issue and certificate of readiness, any party to an action . . . may move to vacate the note of issue, upon affidavit showing in what respects the case is not ready for trial, and the court may vacate the note of issue if it appears that a material fact in the certificate of readiness is incorrect, or that the certificate of readiness fails to comply with the requirements of this section in some material respect."

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Defendant YAN FELDMAN and IGOR SPIVAKOV executed a guaranty of

the lease, and defendant FAMILY HEALTH MANAGEMENT LLC and

HISPANIC MEDICAL HEALTH, P.C., executed a separate guaranty of

lease. Both guaranties are incorporated into the agreement (see

id.)

Thereafter, owner sent a notice of default to defendants,

indicating that tenant was delinquent in its rent obligation for

January 2020. In the notice, owner demanded payment of the

"entire unpaid sum of $136,960.65," less installments already

paid, with interest thereon (NYSCEF Doc. No. 004, Notice of

Default, dated January 20, 2020). Neither tenant nor guarantors

made such payment.

Thereafter, on July 27, 2020, commercial-property owner

commenced this action, asserting (1) breach of the lease against

tenant; and (2) breach of the guaranties against defendant

guarantors (see NYSCEF Doc. No. 002, Complaint). Defendants

answered jointly, on August 17, 2020, and the parties engaged in

discovery.

Then, on August 31, 2022, owner filed Note of Issue in this

action. owner then filed motion (seq. no. 001), pursuant to

CPLR 3212, for an order of summary judgment on its two causes of

action. Owner also filed a separate motion (seq. no. 002),

pursuant to CPLR 3025 (b), seeking leave to amend its complaint

to add a third cause of action to pierce the corporate veil of

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tenant, and to hold guarantors liable for tenant's breach of the

lease agreement.

Defendants opposed the motion for an order of summary

judgment, and cross-moved for leave to file an amended answer.

Defendants also opposed owner's motion to amend its complaint,

arguing that the motion was untimely and that the "proposed

amendment makes no sense" (NYSCEF Doc. No. 84, Defendants'

Affirmation in Opposition)

Following submission of these motions, the court

(N. Bannon, J.S.C.) issued a combined decision and order, (1)

marking owner's motion (seq. no. 001) for an order of summary

judgment withdrawn, (2) granting defendants' cross-motion for

leave to file an amended answer within 30 days of January 11,

2024, and (3) granting owner's motion {seq. no. 002) for leave

to file an amended complaint (see NYSCEF Doc. No. 96, Decision

and Order, dated January 11, 2024).

Regarding the motion to amend the complaint, the court (N.

Bannon, J.S.C.) held that owner sufficiently pled the third

cause of action to pierce the corporate veil. The court also

held that

"al~owing this amendment would not ~eguire additional discovery as the additional allegations arose from discovery_alrea~ conducted and concluded. Indeed, this discovery was in the sole possession of defendants [tenant and guarantors] at all times prior and they were at times

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recalcitrant in providing it to plaintiff. For that reason, defendants [tenant and guarantors] fail !_o show that prej udic~_ or surprise would result from the proposed amendment. Defendants [tenants and guarantors] may respond to the additional cause of action in an amended answern

(Id. [emphasis added]). Finally, the court (N. Bannon, J.S.C)

directed that the amended complaint be deemed served on

defendants and that defendants file an amended answer by

February 10, 2024 (id.).

However, defendants failed to file an amended answer within

the court-prescribed time. Instead, they filed a motion to

dismiss (seq. no. 003) owner's cause of action for piercing the

corporate veil (see NYSCEF Doc. No. 101, Motion to Dismiss).

The undersigned denied said motion, reasoning that defendants

could not relitigate "the substantive determination [of the

court (N. Banon, J.S.C.)] regarding the sufficiency of the

allegationsn (NYSCEF Doc. No. 110, Decision and Order, dated

August 19, 2024).

Weeks following the undersigned's decision -- and seven

months beyond the court-prescribed (N. Bannon, J.S.C.) deadline

for filing an amended answer -- defendants filed an amended

answer without leave of court (see NYSCEF Doc. No. 112, Answer

to Amended Complaint). Simultaneously and again -- without

leave of court -- defendants served on owner five discovery

demands post note of issue (see NYSCEF Doc. Nos. 113 - 118,

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Discovery Demands).

Owner objected to the discovery demands, reasoning that the

material demanded is already in defendants' possession, and that

the court (N. Bannon, J.S.C.) in granting owner leave to file

an amended complaint post note of issue -- found that additional

discovery was not required (see NYSCEF Doc. No. 119, Objection

to Discovery) .

Now, defendants move (seq. no. 004} to vacate note of issue

and re-open discovery, alleging generally that a denial of

discovery would result in substantial prejudice to their defense

against piercing the corporate veil (see NYSCEF Doc. No. 121,

Affirmation in Support).

In opposition, owner argues that the discovery defendants

seek is already in their possession, and that the court (N.

Bannon, J.S.C.) explicitly held that the amendment to owner's

complaint would not require any additional discovery (~e~ NYSCEF

Doc. No. 123, Affirmation in Opposition; see als~ NYSCEF Doc.

No. 96, Decision and Order, dated January 11, 2024).

ANALYSIS

The doctrine of the law of the case applies to legal

determinations that were necessarily resolved on the merits in a

prior decision, and to the same questions presented in the same

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case (Chanice v Fed. Exp. Corp., 118 AD3d 634 [1st Dept 2014] );

see Ruiz v Anderson, 96 AD3d 691 [1st Dept 2012)). It

"contemplates that the parties had a full and fair opportunity

to litigate when the initial determination was made" (~hanice,

118 AD3d at 635; People v Evans, 94 NY2d 499 [2000]).

As owner argues, the prior ruling, granting owner's motion

to amend the complaint (seq. no. 002), plainly held both that

the amendment did not require any additional discovery and that

defendants would not be prejudiced by the amended complaint as

they possess the discovery pertaining to the cause of action

seeking to breach the corporate veil (see NYSCEF Doc. No. 96,

Decision and Order, dated January 11, 2024).

Therefore, defendants' conclusory arguments -- that it

requires additional discovery and that it would be prejudiced if

not permitted to seek this additional discovery are

unavailing as previously considered and rejected (see id.)

Defendants neither sought to reargue nor appeal the order (N.

Banon, J.S.C.) on these issue -- and the holdings therein remain

the law of the case (see Lee v Chan Ka Luk, 127 AD3d 612 [1st

Dept 2015]) .

In any event, it is well settled that defendants forfeit

their right to discovery if -- as here -- they default in

answering the complaint (see Servais v Silk Nail Corp., 96 AD3d

546 [1st Dept 2012]; see also Minicozzi v Gerbino, 301 AD2d 580

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[2d Dept 2003] [holding that 0 a defendant forfeits the right to

discovery by defaulting in answering the complaint"]; Lee v

Leifer, 209 AD3d 531 [1st Dept. 2022]}.

Accordingly, it is hereby:

ORDERED that motion (sequence no. 004) of defendants 577 W

161 STREET CORPORATION, YAN FELDMAN, IGOR SPIVAKOV, FAMILY

HEALTH MANAGEMENT LLC, and HISPANIC MEDICAL HEALTH, P.C. is

denied entirely.

THIS CONSTITUTES THE DECISION AND ORDER OF THE COURT.

DATE

~ CHECK ONE: CASE DISPOSED NON-FINAL DISPOSITION

APPLICATION:

CHECK IF APPROPRIATE: GRANTED

SETTLE ORDER 0 DENIED

INCLUDES TRANSFER/REASSIGN 8 GRANTED IN PART

SUBMIT ORDER

FIDUCIARY APPOINTMENT □ OTHER

□ REFERENCE

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