Roe v. Reilly

11 Mass. L. Rptr. 221
Procedural entryThis page is a short order in Roe v. Reilly. Read the opinion of the Court — 11 Mass. L. Rptr. 148
Massachusetts Superior Court·Decided November 24, 1999·No. No. 995029A·Published

Opinion

Xifaras, J.

The plaintiffs in this matter wish to permanently enjoin the defendants from enforcing the sex offender registration and notification requirements of G.L.c. 6, §§172C-172P (as amended September 10, 1999),4 An Act Improving the Sex Offender Registry and Establishing Civil Commitment and Community Parole Supervision For Life For Sex Offenders (the “Act”). Plaintiffs argue that the Act’s registration and dissemination provisions impinge upon a protected liberty interest and therefore require due process protection sufficient to satisfy the requirements of the Fourteenth Amendment and art. 12 of the Massachusetts Declaration of Rights.5 As a preliminary matter, defendants move to disqualify plaintiffs’ counsel, two public defender staff attorneys employed by the Committee for Public Counsel Services (“CPCS”), on the grounds that their participation in this action is beyond the scope of their statutory authority. Plaintiffs’ counsel opposes disqualification and argues (1) the defendants lack standing to move for disqualification, and (2) that CPCS is fully authorized to represent plaintiffs. For the reasons stated below, defendants’ motion is DENIED.

BACKGROUND

On September 10, 1999, in response to a series of rulings by the Supreme Judicial Court,6 the Legislature amended the Commonwealth’s law requiring registration and classification of sex offenders. The amendment, titled An Act Improving the Sex Offender Registry and Establishing Civil Commitment and Community Parole Supervision For Life For Sex Offenders (the “Act”), G.L.c. 6, §§178C-178P, defines a sex offender as any person:

who resides or works in the commonwealth and who has been convicted of a sex offense or who has been adjudicated as a youthful offender or as a delinquent juvenile by reason of a sex offense or a person released from incarceration or parole or probation supervision or custody with the department of youth services for such a conviction or adjudication or a person who has been adjudicated a sexually dangerous person under section 14 of chapter 123A, as in force at the time of adjudication, or a person released from civil commitment pursuant to section 9 of said chapter 123A, whichever last occurs, on or after August 1, 1981.

C. 6, §178C. Currently, there are between 13,000 and 16,000 sex offenders in the Commonwealth.

Sex offenders must register with the Sex Offender Registry Board (the “Board”). To register, a sex offender must mail the Board his or her name, home address, and work address. Once registered with the Board, those with a permanent address must verify their information once a year. Those sex offenders residing in homeless shelters must verify their registration information every 90 days. Also, sex offenders must notify the Board of a new address 10 days prior to actually moving to that new address; and those who change jobs must notify the Board of their new work address 10 days prior to starting with a new employer.

[222]*222Plaintiffs Doe, Roe and Voe are sex offenders currently required to register with the Board. Plaintiffs Loe and Poe, sex offenders currently incarcerated, are required to register within two days of release from custody.

The Act requires that at some point following registration, the Board must classify each sex offender as a level one (lowrisk), two (moderate risk), or three (high risk) offender or conclude that the offender poses no risk to the community, and terminate that person’s registration requirement. Those classified as level two and level three offenders may no longer register through the mail. Instead those individuals must appear in person at their local police station to verify their addresses and have photos and fingerprints placed on file. Those classified as level one offenders may continue to register through the mail.

Classification proceedings are the first point at which offenders may be relieved of the duty to register with the Board. Offenders may submit material to the Board for consideration prior to the Board’s classification decision. Those classified as a level one, two or three offender, may request an evidentiary hearing before the Board to challenge the assigned classification level and their registration. If after the evidentiary hearing an offender is still dissatisfied with their final classification level and registration requirement, the offender may appeal the Board’s decision in accordance with §14 of c. 30A.

The Act provides plaintiffs’ counsel a good deal of authority. Under the Act, CPCS attorneys may represent offenders at their classification hearings. C. §178L. CPCS attorneys may also represent offenders in c. 30A proceedings seeking judicial review of the final classification determinations. C. 6, §178M. The Act also amends G.L.c. 21 ID, the CPCS enabling statute, to provide at §16 that:

The committee shall establish, supervise and maintain a system for the appointment of counsel for the provision of legal services for indigents subject to the sex offender registry classification system and resulting appeals pursuant to sections 178C to 178P, inclusive, of chapter 6.

C. 6, §10.

The parties agree that G.L.c. 21 ID, §5 defines the circumstances under which CPCS counsel may be appointed. G.L.c. 21 ID, §5 states:

[CPCS] shall establish, supervise and maintain a system for the appointment or assignment of counsel at any stage of a proceeding, either criminal or noncriminal in nature, provided, however, that the laws of the commonwealth or the rules of the supreme judicial court require that a person in such proceeding be represented by counsel; and, provided further, that such person is unable to obtain counsel by reason of his indigence.

The parties also agree that, under certain circumstances, CPCS may represent indigent defendants in appeals and related post-conviction remedies, even if not specifically authorized by statute or court rule. Quegan v. Massachusetts Parole Board, 423 Mass. 843, 839-40 (1996) (representation authorized for motions for new trials, sentence appeals, motions to revise and revoke sentences). See G.L.c. 21 ID, §14.

Finally, turning to the Act, the parties agree that it allows CPCS representation at classification hearings and c. 30A appeals. The parties also agree that G.L.c. 21 ID, §5 allows CPCS counsel to represent an indigent offender prosecuted under G.L.c. 6, §178H for failing to register.

From this substantial common ground, the parties move towards opposite compass points. Defendant argues that CPCS’s involvement in this litigation is ultra vires. Defendant reasons that CPCS’s involvement is unauthorized because not specifically allowed by either a law of the Commonwealth, rule of court, or case law. Commissioner of Revenue v. Marr Scaffolding Co., 414 Mass. 489, 493 (1993) (“An administrative board may act only to the extent that it has express or implied statutory authority to do so”).

None of the plaintiffs have been assigned a threat level. The earliest point the Act specifically authorizes CPCS representation, defendant reasons, is at threat level classification hearings held under c. 6, §178L. The earliest point CPCS attorney may make a constitutional challenge to the Act’s registration requirement, defendant argues, is during a c. 30A appeal from a threat level determination, authorized by c.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Roe v. Reilly, 11 Mass. L. Rptr. 221 (Mass. Ct. App. 1999).

11 Mass. L. Rptr. 221 (Roe v. Reilly) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

Related

Consolidated Cigar Corp. v. Department of Public Health
364 N.E.2d 1202 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1977)
Grocery Manufacturers of America, Inc. v. Department of Public Health
393 N.E.2d 881 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1979)
Commissioner of Revenue v. Marr Scaffolding Co.
608 N.E.2d 1041 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1993)
Boston Police Superior Officers Federation v. City of Boston
608 N.E.2d 1023 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1993)
Opinion of the Justices to the House of Representatives
333 N.E.2d 388 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1975)
Commonwealth v. O'Brien
673 N.E.2d 552 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1996)
Doe v. Attorney General
425 Mass. 210 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1997)
John Doe v. Attorney General
680 N.E.2d 97 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1997)
Doe v. Attorney General
426 Mass. 136 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1997)
Doe v. Sex Offender Registry Board
697 N.E.2d 512 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1998)
Doe v. Attorney General
715 N.E.2d 37 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1999)
Roe v. Reilly
11 Mass. L. Rptr. 148 (Massachusetts Superior Court, 1999)