Eothrook, J.
I. On the first day of September, 1875, John D. Eivers purchased an entire section of land, excepting forty acres, and gave a mortgage for $6,100, bearing 10 per cent interest, payable annually, to secure the whole of the purchase money. Ontheeighth day of February, 1876, heconveyed the land to H. A. Olmsted, subject to the mortgage, said Olmsted having assumed and agreed to pay the same. The sale to Olmsted embraced a large quantity of other land in Dallas county, and a lot in the city of Des Moines. Olmsted conveyed that part of the land above described to his son, Charles S. Olmsted, and on Jirly 3,1877, he made a conveyance of the same to II. D. McCall, and placed the same on record. McCall had made a contract with the said Olmsted for the purchase of the land, but what the terms of the same were does not clearly appear.
The contract was not understood alike by the parties, and Olmsted commenced an action against McCall in relation thereto. Eivers intervened in the action, and demanded the appointment of a receiver to take possession of the land and control the same. A receiver .was appointed, and the grounds for the appointment were that the notes and mortgage of Eivers were outstanding for the whole of the purchase money, no interest having been paid thereon, and if the payment thereof should be deferred, and the mortgage eventually foreclosed, the proceeds of the sale of the land would be insufficient to pay the mortgage, leaving a balance of the debt as a personal claim [188]*188against Rivers. In this action McCall at first repudiated the deed of the land made by Olmsted to him. But afterwards, and on the eighteenth clay of June, 1878, McOall paid to Olmsted $1,250 in pursuance of a settlement made between them, and a decree was entered in the action quieting the title of McCall to the land. This decree conferred upon McCall all the right, title and interest which Olmsted acquired by the conveyance from Rivers. McCall paid off the purchase-money mortgage, and interest, and took an assignment thereof to his wife. He was in possession of the land before the receiver was appointed, and for a time held his possession under the receiver. But since the settlement with Olmsted, and the decree quieting his title, he has been in the actual possession of and residing upon the land, and has made valuable improvements thereon.
In January, 1878, Rivers commenced an action in equity in the Polk district court against all the Olmsted family who had any connection with the title to any of the property which he had conveyed to IT. A. Olmsted, in which action he claimed that the contract under which he conveyed the real estate to IT. A. Olmsted was procured by Olmsted by certain false and fraudulent representations, by which Rivers was damaged in the sum of $25,000. The prayer of his petition was that all of the deeds and conveyances made by Rivers to the defendants in that suit, and by the defendants to each other, be canceled and annulled. He made H. I). McOall a party defendant to the action,'and demanded the same relief against him as against the other parties defendant. The original notice in that action was personally served on H. D. McCall on the nineteenth day of January, 1878. 'A notice of the pendency of the action was filed in the office of the clerk of the district court of Dallas county on the twenty-fourth day of January, 1878. All of the defendants, except McOall, filed their answer in that action on the ninth day of May, 1878. McCall made no appearance. The answer was a full denial of all fraud, and it made full and copious charges [189]*189of fraud against Rivers, and demanded a judgment against Mm for some $27,000, and other relief. That cause was continued from term to term, until July 15, 1881, when it was transferred to the circuit court of Polk county. II. D. McCall having made no appearance to the action, the transfer was made without his knowledge, and without any motion filed for that purpose. The ground of the transfer, as recited in the transcript, was that Hon. "William II. McHenry, then judge of the district court, had been counsel in the case.
On the twenty-ninth, of'November, 1881, Rivers filed an amendment to his petition, setting forth that after the beginning of the action Charles S. Olmsted had conveyed part of the land to James G. Olmsted, and placed the same on record without the knowledge of James G. Olmsted, and that the same should be canceled of record, and that the said James G. Olmsted, H. A. Olmsted and Eannie S. Olmsted had conveyed their interest in the property in controversy to Robert James, and that it was necessary that he should be made a party defendant. On the same day the answer of Robert James was filed, in which he admitted the allegations of the petition and amendment thereto, and consented to judgment and decree as prayed. It is somewhere stated in the record that this answer was prepared and filed by Rivers, and we do not understand that this fact is disputed. The answer was signed by James in person. On the next day Rivers dismissed the action “ as against defendant Olmsted,” and took leave to make James a party.
On the twenty-fourth day of December, 1881, Rivers procured a default to be entered up against McCall, and on the same day he caused a decree to be entered canceling the deed made_ by himself to H. A. Olmsted, and all deeds subsequently made by all of the defendants, and reinvesting the title to all of the property in himself. McCall had no know!1 edge of the transfer of the cause from the district court, and no knowledge of the default and decree against him, until March, 1882, when he at once filed in the circuit court a [190]*190petition for a new trial and a motion to set aside bis default. At tbe same time be filed an independent petition against Rivers, in wbieb be prayed that tbe decree be set aside and annulled, and that bis title to the land be quieted. On tbe same day tbe court made an order setting aside tbe decree rendered on the twenty-fourth day of December, 1881, and ordering that tbe cause stand for trial anew on tbe first day of tbe next term, and that McCall give to Rivers ten days notice of tbe time and place of trial. Tbe notice was duly 'served, and at tbe same time notice of the pendency of tbe independant action of McCall v. Rivers was served. Rivers made a motion to set aside tbe order vacating bis decree and granting a new trial. It is claimed that this order was overruled, but whether it was or not is not a material question. On tbe fifteenth day of January, 1883, be filed a substituted motion asking tbe same relief. It is not necessary to set out this motion. It is quite voluminous, and is in tbe nature of an argument upon tbe question as to the power of the court over defaults. Tbe motion was overruled on the sixteenth day of February, 1883, and tbe court ordered that tbe original action and the case of McCall v. Rivers be consolidated and tried together. Thereupon McCall filed an answer, in which be took issue with the averments of the original petition. On the fifteenth day of January Rivers filed an answer in the independent action of McCall against him. This answer sets out at great length tbe claims of Rivers to tbe land in question. It exhibits tbe pleadings in tbe suit between Olmsted and McCall in Dallas county, in which Rivérs intervened, and many other matters not necessary to refer to here.
[191]*191i. AprasALto courtfappeiinterest^ missifa. 1S [190]
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Eothrook, J.
I. On the first day of September, 1875, John D. Eivers purchased an entire section of land, excepting forty acres, and gave a mortgage for $6,100, bearing 10 per cent interest, payable annually, to secure the whole of the purchase money. Ontheeighth day of February, 1876, heconveyed the land to H. A. Olmsted, subject to the mortgage, said Olmsted having assumed and agreed to pay the same. The sale to Olmsted embraced a large quantity of other land in Dallas county, and a lot in the city of Des Moines. Olmsted conveyed that part of the land above described to his son, Charles S. Olmsted, and on Jirly 3,1877, he made a conveyance of the same to II. D. McCall, and placed the same on record. McCall had made a contract with the said Olmsted for the purchase of the land, but what the terms of the same were does not clearly appear.
The contract was not understood alike by the parties, and Olmsted commenced an action against McCall in relation thereto. Eivers intervened in the action, and demanded the appointment of a receiver to take possession of the land and control the same. A receiver .was appointed, and the grounds for the appointment were that the notes and mortgage of Eivers were outstanding for the whole of the purchase money, no interest having been paid thereon, and if the payment thereof should be deferred, and the mortgage eventually foreclosed, the proceeds of the sale of the land would be insufficient to pay the mortgage, leaving a balance of the debt as a personal claim [188]*188against Rivers. In this action McCall at first repudiated the deed of the land made by Olmsted to him. But afterwards, and on the eighteenth clay of June, 1878, McOall paid to Olmsted $1,250 in pursuance of a settlement made between them, and a decree was entered in the action quieting the title of McCall to the land. This decree conferred upon McCall all the right, title and interest which Olmsted acquired by the conveyance from Rivers. McCall paid off the purchase-money mortgage, and interest, and took an assignment thereof to his wife. He was in possession of the land before the receiver was appointed, and for a time held his possession under the receiver. But since the settlement with Olmsted, and the decree quieting his title, he has been in the actual possession of and residing upon the land, and has made valuable improvements thereon.
In January, 1878, Rivers commenced an action in equity in the Polk district court against all the Olmsted family who had any connection with the title to any of the property which he had conveyed to IT. A. Olmsted, in which action he claimed that the contract under which he conveyed the real estate to IT. A. Olmsted was procured by Olmsted by certain false and fraudulent representations, by which Rivers was damaged in the sum of $25,000. The prayer of his petition was that all of the deeds and conveyances made by Rivers to the defendants in that suit, and by the defendants to each other, be canceled and annulled. He made H. I). McOall a party defendant to the action,'and demanded the same relief against him as against the other parties defendant. The original notice in that action was personally served on H. D. McCall on the nineteenth day of January, 1878. 'A notice of the pendency of the action was filed in the office of the clerk of the district court of Dallas county on the twenty-fourth day of January, 1878. All of the defendants, except McOall, filed their answer in that action on the ninth day of May, 1878. McCall made no appearance. The answer was a full denial of all fraud, and it made full and copious charges [189]*189of fraud against Rivers, and demanded a judgment against Mm for some $27,000, and other relief. That cause was continued from term to term, until July 15, 1881, when it was transferred to the circuit court of Polk county. II. D. McCall having made no appearance to the action, the transfer was made without his knowledge, and without any motion filed for that purpose. The ground of the transfer, as recited in the transcript, was that Hon. "William II. McHenry, then judge of the district court, had been counsel in the case.
On the twenty-ninth, of'November, 1881, Rivers filed an amendment to his petition, setting forth that after the beginning of the action Charles S. Olmsted had conveyed part of the land to James G. Olmsted, and placed the same on record without the knowledge of James G. Olmsted, and that the same should be canceled of record, and that the said James G. Olmsted, H. A. Olmsted and Eannie S. Olmsted had conveyed their interest in the property in controversy to Robert James, and that it was necessary that he should be made a party defendant. On the same day the answer of Robert James was filed, in which he admitted the allegations of the petition and amendment thereto, and consented to judgment and decree as prayed. It is somewhere stated in the record that this answer was prepared and filed by Rivers, and we do not understand that this fact is disputed. The answer was signed by James in person. On the next day Rivers dismissed the action “ as against defendant Olmsted,” and took leave to make James a party.
On the twenty-fourth day of December, 1881, Rivers procured a default to be entered up against McCall, and on the same day he caused a decree to be entered canceling the deed made_ by himself to H. A. Olmsted, and all deeds subsequently made by all of the defendants, and reinvesting the title to all of the property in himself. McCall had no know!1 edge of the transfer of the cause from the district court, and no knowledge of the default and decree against him, until March, 1882, when he at once filed in the circuit court a [190]*190petition for a new trial and a motion to set aside bis default. At tbe same time be filed an independent petition against Rivers, in wbieb be prayed that tbe decree be set aside and annulled, and that bis title to the land be quieted. On tbe same day tbe court made an order setting aside tbe decree rendered on the twenty-fourth day of December, 1881, and ordering that tbe cause stand for trial anew on tbe first day of tbe next term, and that McCall give to Rivers ten days notice of tbe time and place of trial. Tbe notice was duly 'served, and at tbe same time notice of the pendency of tbe independant action of McCall v. Rivers was served. Rivers made a motion to set aside tbe order vacating bis decree and granting a new trial. It is claimed that this order was overruled, but whether it was or not is not a material question. On tbe fifteenth day of January, 1883, be filed a substituted motion asking tbe same relief. It is not necessary to set out this motion. It is quite voluminous, and is in tbe nature of an argument upon tbe question as to the power of the court over defaults. Tbe motion was overruled on the sixteenth day of February, 1883, and tbe court ordered that tbe original action and the case of McCall v. Rivers be consolidated and tried together. Thereupon McCall filed an answer, in which be took issue with the averments of the original petition. On the fifteenth day of January Rivers filed an answer in the independent action of McCall against him. This answer sets out at great length tbe claims of Rivers to tbe land in question. It exhibits tbe pleadings in tbe suit between Olmsted and McCall in Dallas county, in which Rivérs intervened, and many other matters not necessary to refer to here.
[191]*191i. AprasALto courtfappeiinterest^ missifa. 1S [190]*190To this answer McCall filed a very voluminous reply, and upon these pleadings, tbe said actions being consolidated, tbe cause was tried to the court. Tbe plaintiff Rivers introduced no evidence. There was a decree dismissing tbe original petition, and in the independent action of McCall v. Rivers there was a decree quieting tbe title to the land in McCall, and canceling a certain conveyance of tbe land made by one Joseph Rivers [191]*191to Louisa Rivers on tlie fourth day of March, 1882. It should, perhaps, be stated here that McOall made Louisa. Rivers a party defendant, to his independent action. She filed an answer. McOall subpoenaed her to attend the trial as a witness, and she failed to attend. She has no real interest in the controversy, as appears by an affidavit of John D. Rivers, filed m resistance to a motion to dismiss the appeal. She made no appearance in person in this court, nor by attorney, excepting by John L). Rivers, and we are authorized in accepting his affidavit that she has no real interest in the subject-matter of the suit. This is all that is required to be said as to her appeal.
_-taken appesodismissed. II. After the default against McOall was taken and the decree entered, the National Life Insurance Company put in an appearance in the action. It was the holder a mortgage on some of the property other than that held by McCall. The mortgage was foreclosed, and the insurance company became the owner under the decree and sale in foreclosure. Certain orders were made by the court in behalf of the insurance company. Rivers appealed from the whole case. But all the orders in which the insurance company was a party were made more than six months before the appeal was taken. These orders were entirely independent of the controversy between McCall and Rivers, and an appeal should have been taken within six months from the time the last order was made. Nothing further need be said about this branch of the case.
III. "We come now to the controversy between John D. Rivers and McCall; and we desire to say, in entering upon the consideration of this part of the case, that we have not stated all of the facts contained in the pleadings. To do so would involve very great labor. There was no agreed abstract, and we have been compelled to resort to the transcript; and oven the transcript is not complete, and we may not be entirely accurate in stating the dates of some of the trans[192]*192actions above recited. But if there are any inaccuracies they are not material to the questions involved.
3. decree by . gaiMifyS10" curedSbySsubsequent bear-ii'g-The appellant insists that the default and decree against McCall were illegally set aside and canceled. It is true that the decree was vacated, and a new trial granted after the term, and without notice to Rivers. But avg do not regard this as decisive of the rights 0 of the parties. At some time Rivers made a motion to vacate this order, which motion was overruled. The grounds of this motion are not shown, because it is not in the transcript. But on the fifteenth day of January, 1883, Rivers filed and presented to the court a very elaborate substituted and amended motion to vacate the order setting aside the decree and granting a new trial. The cause ivas then fully presented. The court had before it the sworn petition of McCall asking for a new trial, and that lie be permitted to defend. The parties were then before the court, and Rivers urged the sanctity of his default in every conceivable manner in his motion. The court with all this before it refused to vacate the order previpusly made. This was equivalent to an adjudication that McCall was entitled to be heard in his defense, and was as fair an adjudication as if Rivers had been brought into court by notice in the first instance.
As to the rightfulness of this adjudication there can be no doubt. The original decree ivas a fraud upon its face. It reinvested Rivers with the full title to all the property, excepting the liens of the mortgages, without any return of the consideration he had received for. his conveyance. The connection 'of Janies with the title was, to say the least, exceedingly suspicious. The connection between Rivers and McCall in the litigation with Olmsted in Dallas county, the transfer of the case from the district to the circuit court without the knowledge of McCall, and allowingtlie action to remain upon the docket for three years without a default against McCall,- — • these, and other admitted facts in the case, fully substantiated the claim of McCall that he never in fact knew that an original [193]*193notice was served upon him, but supposed when he settled the litigation in Dallas county that his title was perfect. A person may, as a party to an action, be excused for claiming that such a default and decree should not be disturbed, but to a chancellor, sitting as the judge of the circuit court in an equitable action, it properly appeared as an attempt to pervert the course of justice by securing an unconscionable advantage.
This is about all that is necessary to be said in this case. Eivers did not stand upon the adjudication against him setting aside his decree. McCall, as he had the right to do, aswered his petition, and the cause came on for trial. The burden was on Eivers to prove the averments of his petition. He introduced no evidence, and the circuit court very properly dismissed the petition, and that was the end of the case as to John D. Eivers; and as Louisa Eivers had no interest in the controversy, the decree, in accordance with the prayer of the independent petition of McCall, quieting the title to the land in him, was properly entered.
Affirmed.