Rivera v. United States

930 F. Supp. 892, 1996 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 8471, 1996 WL 337290
CourtDistrict Court, S.D. New York
DecidedJune 18, 1996
DocketNo. 96 Civ. 3423 (DNE)
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 930 F. Supp. 892 (Rivera v. United States) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, S.D. New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Rivera v. United States, 930 F. Supp. 892, 1996 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 8471, 1996 WL 337290 (S.D.N.Y. 1996).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM & ORDER

EDELSTEIN, District Judge:

Petitioner William Nelson Rivera (“petitioner” or “Rivera”), pro se, brings this motion to vacate, set aside, or correct his sentence, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255 (§ 2255).2 Petitioner’s motion is denied because it is both procedurally barred and mer-itless.

BACKGROUND

On May 9, 1988, petitioner pleaded guilty to a one-count Superseding Information charging him with conspiracy to distribute and possess with intent to distribute cocaine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 846. At sentencing, this Court ruled that petitioner’s offense level be increased by two levels for possession of a gun during the commission of his offense, pursuant to United States Sentencing Guidelines (“USSG”) § 2Dl.l(b)(l) (Oct. 1987), and by an additional two levels because of petitioner’s role as a supervisor in his offense, pursuant to USSG § 3Bl.l(c). This Court sentenced petitioner to a one-hundred-and-thirty-five-month term of incarceration and imposed a fine of $182,335. See Sentencing Hearing Transcript, United, States v. Rivera, S 88 Cr. 204 (DNE), 1993 WL 437791 (S.D.N.Y. July 29, 1988), at 15-16.

Petitioner’s trial counsel filed a notice of appeal. On October 27, 1988, the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit dismissed the appeal on the ground that petitioner had defaulted by failing timely to submit any papers in support of his appeal. See United States v. Rivera, No. 88-1339 (2d Cir. Oct. 27,1988).

Thereafter petitioner moved this Court, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255, to vacate, set aside, or correct his sentence. Petitioner challenged, among other things, the two-level increase in his offense level for possession of a gun during the commission of his offense.

In an Opinion and Order dated July 24, 1995 (“the July 1995 Opinion”) this Court denied petitioner’s motion. See Rivera v. United States, 893 F.Supp. 1238 (S.D.N.Y.1995). This Court found that petitioner’s claim regarding the upward adjustment for possession of a gun was both procedurally barred and meritless.

On April 11, 1996, petitioner filed the instant § 2255 motion. In this petition, Rivera once again challenges the upward adjustment that this Court imposed for possession of a firearm. Petitioner contends that this upward adjustment was an error because:

(1) The weapon was not present at the time of Riverias [sic] arrest in New York, and the weapon was at his apartment in New Jersey. (2) The firearm in question was located at Riverias apartment during the two telephone conversations that took place between him and another individual in North Carolina, which is clearly improbable that the weapon was connected to the two conversations that took place between parties that were several hundred miles apart. (3) The firearm was at all times unloaded in the bedroom closet. (4) There is and was never any showing by the government that Riveria [sic] ever had any intent to use the weapon for the purpose of a drug transaction.

Id. at 1.

DISCUSSION

As an initial matter, it must be determined whether Rivera must obtain certifiea[894]*894tion from a panel of appellate judges — as required by the recent amendments to § 2255 — before he can bring the instant motion. On April 24,1996, the President of the United States signed into law the “Antiter-rorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996.” Among other things, this law amended the provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 2255 that address successive § 2255 motions. Prior to the April 24 amendments, 28 U.S.C. § 2255 stated that “[t]he sentencing court shall not be required to entertain a second or successive [§ 2255] motion for similar relief on behalf of the same prisoner.” The amended version of this statute states:

A second or successive motion must be certified as provided in section 2244 by a panel of the appropriate court of appeals to contain—
(1) newly discovered evidence that, if proven and viewed in light of the evidence as a whole, would be sufficient to establish by clear and convincing evidence that no reasonable factfinder would have found the movant guilty of the offense; or
(2) a new rule of constitutional law, made retroactive to cases on collateral review by the Supreme Court, that was previously unavailable.

Because Rivera filed the instant petition on April 11, 1996, the issue arises as to whether the certification procedure prescribed by the April 24, 1996, amendments applies in the instant ease. This Court’s research indicates that there is no uniform answer to this question. The Ninth Circuit held that a petitioner who filed his petition prior to April 24, 1996, need not obtain a certificate. Williams v. Calderon, 83 F.3d 281, 285 (9th Cir.1996). In contrast, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York recently noted that it may be appropriate to apply the certification-requirement to petitions that were filed prior to April 24, 1996, because “procedural rules in effect at the time of decision but not in effect when the suit was commenced may generally be applied without raising concerns of retroactivity.” Moates v. Barkley, 927 F.Supp. 597, 598 (E.D.N.Y.1996) (citing Landgraf v. USI Film Prod., 511 U.S. 244,-, 114 S.Ct. 1483, 1502, 128 L.Ed.2d 229 (1994)). The Moates court continued to state, however, that in light of the fact that the petition was an “incontrovertible abuse of the writ, there is no need to reach that issue.” Id. Like the petition in Moates, the instant petition is an abuse of the writ, and accordingly this Court need not reach the issue of whether petitioner should obtain a certificate.

The instant petition must be denied for the same reasons that this Court denied petitioner’s previous § 2255 motion. Rivera, 893 F.Supp. 1238. As previously mentioned, petitioner filed a previous § 2255 motion, which challenged the upward adjustment of petitioner’s sentence for possession of a gun. In denying Rivera’s previous petition, this Court found that his petition was procedurally barred. This Court noted that “although petitioner filed a notice of appeal, he defaulted on his appeal by failing timely to submit papers in support of his appeal.” Id. at 1242. Quoting Billy-Eko v. United States, 8 F.3d 111, 114 (2d Cir.1993), this Court stated that “a petitioner who fails to raise a claim on direct appeal cannot raise that claim on a § 2255 motion ‘unless he can establish both cause for the procedural default and actual prejudice resulting therefrom.’ ” Id. at 1241.

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Bluebook (online)
930 F. Supp. 892, 1996 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 8471, 1996 WL 337290, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/rivera-v-united-states-nysd-1996.