Riscaldante v. Melton

927 S.W.2d 899, 1996 Mo. App. LEXIS 1305, 1996 WL 410841
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedJuly 23, 1996
DocketNo. 69006
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 927 S.W.2d 899 (Riscaldante v. Melton) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Riscaldante v. Melton, 927 S.W.2d 899, 1996 Mo. App. LEXIS 1305, 1996 WL 410841 (Mo. Ct. App. 1996).

Opinion

PER CURIAM.

Appellant, Guiseppe Riscaldante (hereinafter “plaintiff’), appeals the judgment of the Circuit Court of the City of St. Louis denying his motion for a new trial after a jury apportioned fault between respondent, Joseph Melton (hereinafter “defendant”), and plaintiff in plaintiffs personal injury action. We affirm.

On October 28, 1989 at 2:55 a.m., plaintiff was injured in a two-car collision involving his ear and the vehicle driven by defendant at the intersection of Hampton and Southwest Avenues. Hampton Avenue is a two-way street with three northbound and three southbound lanes. Southwest Avenue is a two-way street with two eastbound and two westbound lanes.

Plaintiff contends he traveled southbound on Hampton Avenue in either the middle lane or far right lane at a speed of thirty to thirty-five miles per hour.1 He testified upon reaching the flashing yellow traffic signal at Southwest Avenue, he proceeded through the intersection. As he entered the intersection plaintiff noticed defendant’s vehicle approaching from the east approximately fifteen to eighteen feet (one ear length) away. Plaintiff testified he swerved his vehicle and sounded his horn, but was unable to avoid colliding with defendant’s vehicle.

Plaintiff presented the testimony of Michael McDermott, an accident analyst and investigator. Plaintiff hired McDermott to photograph and measure the intersection of the collision. McDermott testified that a vehicle traveling thirty-five miles per hour would travel 256 feet in the time it took defendant’s vehicle, traveling at five miles per hour, to reach the collision point. He also testified that a vehicle traveling fifty [901]*901miles per hour would travel 365 feet in the time it took defendant’s vehicle, traveling five miles per hour, to reach the collision point. Based on his photographs, McDermott further testified that plaintiff would have had no problem seeing defendant’s vehicle travel west across the center line into the southbound lanes of Hampton Avenue.

Defendant contends he traveled westbound on Southwest Avenue in the lane nearest the center line. As he approached the intersection, defendant faced a flashing red traffic signal. Defendant testified he stopped his vehicle at the flashing red signal, looked in both directions, and viewed no other vehicles traveling south on Hampton Avenue for one-half block. According to defendant, bushes and an advertisement sign obstructed his view of any southbound traffic more than one-half block away. Defendant testified he then proceeded into the intersection at a speed of five miles per hour.

Before the collision occurred, defendant saw plaintiffs vehicle approaching at a distance equivalent to the width of three lanes of traffic. At that point defendant’s vehicle had reached the center line of Hampton Avenue. In his testimony, defendant estimated plaintiffs speed at fifty miles per hour.

The collision occurred either in the middle or the far right southbound lanes of Hampton Avenue. Plaintiff contends he was almost completely through the intersection when his vehicle was struck by defendant’s vehicle. Defendant contends he had crossed the center line of Hampton Avenue when plaintiff struck the right front quarter panel of his vehicle.

Christopher Dabin, defendant’s passenger, testified defendant was traveling westbound on Southwest Avenue in the lane nearest the center line. He further testified defendant came to a complete stop at the flashing red signal, looked in both directions, and then moved from a stopped position at an estimated speed of five miles per hour. According to his testimony, Dabin noticed plaintiffs vehicle approximately three car lengths away as defendant proceeded into the intersection. Dabin estimated plaintiffs speed at fifty miles per hour.

On February 14,1992, plaintiff filed a petition with the circuit court alleging he sustained personal injuries as a result of defendant’s negligent operation of his vehicle. A three-day jury trial took place. At the close of evidence, defendant filed a motion for a directed verdict. The trial court denied defendant’s motion. At the instruction conference, plaintiff objected to an instruction on failure to keep careful lookout offered by defendant on the ground sufficient evidence did not exist to support its submission.2 The trial court overruled plaintiffs objection.

On June 21, 1995, the jury returned a verdict in favor of plaintiff. The jury apportioned defendant’s fault at sixty-five percent and plaintiffs fault at thirty-five percent. The jury awarded plaintiff personal injury damages in the amount of $50,000. The trial court entered judgment in favor of plaintiff and against the defendant in the amount of $32,500. Plaintiff filed a motion for a new trial which the trial court denied on August 25,1995. This appeal followed.

In his motion for new trial and here on appeal, plaintiff contends the trial court erred in submitting an instruction on failure to keep a careful lookout. When reviewing whether an instruction was supported, the evidence is considered favorably to defendant with a disregard for plaintiffs evidence unless it tends to support the submission. Rickman v. Sauerwein, 470 S.W.2d 487, 489 (Mo.1971).

[902]*902We find defendant was entitled to an instruction on the issue of failure to keep a careful lookout. A motorist entering an intersection is under a duty to exercise the highest degree of care to maintain a careful lookout in both forward and lateral directions. Witt v. Peterson, 310 S.W.2d 857, 860 (Mo.1958). This duty is not fulfilled by “obeying a traffic signal and then proceeding into the intersection without making careful observations to determine whether there is no cross traffic in or so near to the intersection as to constitute an immediate danger.” Joggerst v. O’Toole, 513 S.W.2d 722, 724 (Mo.App.St.L.D.1974). Here, defendant, the party seeking the instruction, had the burden to show plaintiff, had he been keeping a careful lookout, could have reacted in time to avoid the accident. Wendt v. General Acc. Ins. Co., 895 S.W.2d 210, 216 (Mo.App. E.D. en banc 1995). In other words, to make a sub-missible case on failure to keep a careful lookout, there must have been evidence plaintiff saw or could have seen defendant in time to have avoided the collision. Cypret v. Templeton, 912 S.W.2d 630, 632 (Mo.App. E.D.1995).

Defendant may make a submissible case on plaintiffs failure to keep a careful lookout using circumstantial evidence. Williams v. M.C. Slater, Inc., 590 S.W.2d 357, 359 (Mo.App. E.D.1979). It is sufficient to show that plaintiff reasonably could have seen danger of collision with defendant in time to have taken evasive action. Id. While defendant did not produce evidence that plaintiff had the physical means to stop, slow, or swerve his vehicle, defendant can rely on plaintiffs evidence. Id.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Heidrick v. Smith
169 S.W.3d 180 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 2005)
Hudson v. Whiteside
34 S.W.3d 420 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 2000)
Wellman v. Wehmeyer
965 S.W.2d 348 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1998)
American Family Mutual Insurance Co. v. Robbins
945 S.W.2d 52 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1997)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
927 S.W.2d 899, 1996 Mo. App. LEXIS 1305, 1996 WL 410841, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/riscaldante-v-melton-moctapp-1996.