Rios v. State

930 N.E.2d 664, 2010 Ind. App. LEXIS 1373, 2010 WL 2935786
CourtIndiana Court of Appeals
DecidedJuly 28, 2010
Docket49A02-0912-CR-1273
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 930 N.E.2d 664 (Rios v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Indiana Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Rios v. State, 930 N.E.2d 664, 2010 Ind. App. LEXIS 1373, 2010 WL 2935786 (Ind. Ct. App. 2010).

Opinion

OPINION

DARDEN, Judge.

STATEMENT OF THE CASE

Nelson Rios appeals the trial court's order that he serve consecutive sentences for his conviction, after a jury trial, on two counts of dealing in a look-alike substance, class C felonies.

We reverse and remand.

ISSUE

Whether the trial court's order that Rios serve consecutive sentences on the two counts of dealing in a look-alike substance is inappropriate.

FACTS

In August of 2009, an Indianapolis Metropolitan Police ("IMPD") officer advised Detective Jamie Guilfoy of the IMPD that a confidential informant named Demetrius Graves would be willing to make a drug buy for IMPD. In mid-August, Guilfoy met with Graves, who "told [him] he could buy ... amounts of cocaine from" Rios, who "was involved in the trafficking of cocaine." (Tr. 47). w

On September 1, 2009, Guilfoy and other officers met with Graves to arrange a controlled drug buy. Graves called Rios and arranged to meet at a restaurant to purchase one-half ounce of cocaine for $485.00. Guilfoy searched Graves and his vehicle, confirmed that Graves had no money or drugs, and then provided Graves with $485 in pre-recorded buy money to purchase the cocaine. Rios arrived as scheduled, walked to Graves' driver's side window, made a hand-to-hand exchange with Graves, and then left the area.

Guilfoy followed Graves' vehicle to a nearby meeting place. There, Graves handed Guilfoy the plastic bag containing an off-white rock-like substance that he had obtained from Rios; Guilfoy again searched Graves and his vehicle; and Guil-foy gave Graves $100.00 "for his service." (Tr. 80). Guilfoy sent the bag containing *666 what he believed to be one-half ounce of cocaine to the crime laboratory for testing.

One week later, on September 8, 2009, consistent with the general procedure of conducting "at least two (2), three (8) buys off the individual, so it shows a pattern," (tr. 64), Graves and Guilfoy met again; Graves called Rios and arranged for another buy at the same restaurant. Graves was again searched, then given $485 in pre-recorded buy money. Graves met Rios and again engaged in a hand-to-hand transaction. Guilfoy again followed Graves. At the meeting place, Graves handed him "the white package" that "he had purchased from Mr. Rios," (tr. 67), and Graves and his vehicle were searched. Guilfoy returned to his office, and sent the substance purchased from Rios for laboratory testing.

The next day, September 9, 2009, Guil-foy learned that the substances obtained from Rios on September 1st and September 8th were not*cocaine but a look-alike substance. Guilfoy located Graves, had Graves arrange to meet Rios, and placed Graves under surveillance. When Graves picked up Rios, Guilfoy ordered a traffic stop of Graves' vehicle. Officers arrested Graves and Rios. The search of Rios incident to his arrest found a purple Crown Royal bag tucked into the waistband of his pants. The bag contained two plastic bags of a look-alike substance and a bag of marijuana. The search of Graves incident to his arrest found in his shoe more than $500 of the pre-recorded buy money given to Graves by Guilfoy to make the two buys of cocaine.

On September 15, 2009, the State charged Rios with ten counts: two counts of conspiracy to commit dealing in a lookalike substance, a class C felony; two counts of dealing in a look-alike substance, a class C felony; two counts of theft of police department funds, a class D felony; three counts of possessing a look-alike substance, a class C misdemeanor; and possession of marijuana, a class A misdemean- or. 1 On October 30, 2009, Rios moved to be tried separately from Graves, 2 and the motion was granted on November 12, 2009.

On November 18, 2009, a jury trial was held, and the above evidence was heard. The jury found Rios guilty on all ten counts. Merging several counts, the trial court entered judgment of conviction on only six counts: two counts of dealing in a look-alike substance, a class C felony; two counts of theft, a class D felony; one count of possession of marijuana, a class A misdemeanor; and one count of a possessing a look-alike substance, a class C misdemean- or.

On December 1, 2009, the sentencing hearing was held. The trial court noted twenty-nine year old Riog' "lengthy juvenile history," and that his adult eriminal *667 history began when Rios was seventeen. (Tr. 258). The trial court then found Rios "eriminal history, including seven prior felony convictions as well as just recently coming off of parole at the time of this offense, to be aggravating cireumstances," and that there were "no mitigating cireum-stances in this matter." (Tr. 262). The trial court ordered Rios to serve a five-year sentence for each dealing in a lookalike conviction, and "[blased on aggravating factors, that those sentences shall run consecutive[ly]." (Tr. 263). The trial court sentenced Rios to serve concurrently the advisory 1-year terms for each of the two class D felony theft convictions, a one-year term for the class A misdemeanor possession of marijuana conviction, and sixty days for the class C misdemeanor possessing a look-alike substance conviction. Thus, an aggregate ten-year sentence was imposed.

DECISION

Citing Beno v. State, 581 N.E.2d 922 (Ind.1991), Gregory v. State, 644 N.E.2d 543 (Ind.1994), and Hopkins v. State, 668 N.E.2d 686 (Ind.Ct.App.1996), trans. de-mied, Rios argues that

ordering [him] to serve his sentences for two counts of dealing a look-alike substance consecutive to each other is inappropriate where both convictions were based upon incidents that were virtually identical, the buys occurred within one week of each other, were sponsored by the police, using the same police informant, and both involved the attempted purchase of cocaine and the delivery of the same look-alike substance.

Riosg' Br. at 11. We agree.

After he participated in two cocaine sales to a confidential informant, Beno was convicted of two counts of dealing in cocaine-one as an A felony (for an amount exceeding 3 grams), and one as a B felony (for an amount under 3 grams)-and one count of maintaining a common nuisance, a class D felony. The trial court

ordered that Beno receive the maximum sentence and the maximum possible fine for each of the three violations, and that the sentences be served consecutively....

581 N.E.2d at 924. Thus, Beno "was sentenced to a total of 74 years imprisonment and $30,000 of fines." Id. at 928.

After expressly noting that the trial court held "discretion to both aggravate a sentence to its maximum amount and determine that the sentences should run consecutively," our Supreme Court held that "in this case, such [waJs not appropriate." Id. at 924. The court reasoned as follows:

Beno was convicted of committing virtually identical crimes separated by only four days.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
930 N.E.2d 664, 2010 Ind. App. LEXIS 1373, 2010 WL 2935786, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/rios-v-state-indctapp-2010.