Richardson v. Duggar

525 P.2d 854, 86 N.M. 494
CourtNew Mexico Supreme Court
DecidedAugust 23, 1974
Docket9914
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 525 P.2d 854 (Richardson v. Duggar) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Mexico Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Richardson v. Duggar, 525 P.2d 854, 86 N.M. 494 (N.M. 1974).

Opinion

OPINION

OMAN, Justice.

Plaintiffs sought to quiet their title to 17.917 acres of land lying in the Syá SEJ4 of a designated section. The westerly 8 acres lie in the SWJ4 SEi/j.. These- 8 acres are the only lands with which we are concerned on this appeal.

The district court entered a final judgment and decree quieting title to the entire 17.917 acre tract in plaintiffs. Defendant, Cleo H. Duggar, who claimed the said westerly 8 acres, has appealed. We affirm.

Plaintiffs claimed, and the district court found and concluded, that plaintiffs had acquired title to these 8 acres by adverse possession pursuant to the provisions of § 23-1-22, N.M.S.A.1953. The trial court held that under this statute the plaintiffs were required to prove that they and their predecessors had been in adverse possession of the 8 acres continuously and in good faith for a period of ten years. This possession must have been under color of title, and plaintiffs must have paid taxes on the property during these years. The parties agree with this holding.

It was stipulated that defendant is the holder of the regular chain of title to the SWj4 SEi/j. beginning with the patent thereto and that she and her former husband paid taxes thereon for the years 1959 to 1972, both inclusive.

Defendant concedes that plaintiffs and their predecessors in title had been in exclusive possession of and had exclusively utilized the 8 acres situate in the SWj4 SE14 for more than ten years preceding the filing of their complaint. These'lands were at all material times fenced and placed in irrigated permanent pasture and irrigated crops by plaintiffs and their predecessors. Defendant testified she knew the location of the SW14 SE14. Over the years she saw that the 8 acres were fenced, controlled, used and possessed by plaintiffs’ predecessors, but she at no time went to any of them and made claim to the lands.

Defendant’s position is that the possession of the lands by plaintiffs and their predecessors was not under color of title, and that they had not paid the taxes thereon for ten years.

Deeds in statutory form dated July 1955 and July 1959 are the instruments relied upon to evidence color of title. The 1959 deed conveys approximately 3 acres of land lying immediately to the east of the tract conveyed by the 1955 deed. However, that small portion of the 8 acres in dispute included in the lands conveyed by the 1959 deed is of no particular significance to our problem here, since the question presented is that of the adequacy of the description of the lands in the two deeds. If the description in the 1955 deed is sufficient to give validity thereto as color of title, the description in the 1959 deed is equally valid for this purpose. Thus, we shall refer primarily to the description in the 1955 deed. The description of the property covered by that deed was:

“Part of a 20 acre tract lying and being north of and adjoining the right-of-way boundary line of U. S. Highway No. 380, in the SEJ4 SEJ4-----------Sec. 6
“Twp. 8 S., Rg. 11 E., N.M.P.M. more particularly described as follows, to wit: Beginning at the point on the southwest corner of the above described tract, where it touches the right-of-way boundary line of U. S. Highway No. 380, which is point No. 1 of this tract;
“Thence along the north boundary line of said tract, in an easterly direction, a distance of 1300 feet, to point No. 2; “Thence at right angle south, a distance of 470 feet to the right-of-way boundary line of Highway No. 380, to point No. 3; “Thence along the right-of-way boundary line of said U. S. Highway No. 380, to point No. 1, the place of beginning.”

It is apparent that the land described is in the shape of a right-angled triangle, with the right angle being the northeast corner of the tract. The southeast corner, or point No. 3 in the deed description, is the point at which the easterly line of this right-angled triangle intersects the north right-of-way boundary line of Highway No. 380. This point is 470 feet south of the northeast corner. The westerly point or corner of this triangle, which is the point of beginning of the deed description and is referred to as the “southwest corner,” is 1300 feet west of the northeast corner and upon the north right-of-way boundary of the highway. The north right-of-way line of the highway constitutes the south line, or hypotenuse, of this right-angled triangle. This north line of the highway, and consequently the south line of the triangle, is a straight line, as evidenced by a survey plat of the highway and of that portion of the S]/2 SEj4 lying north of the highway. At the outset of the trial, this plat was offered and received into evidence by stipulation of the parties. There was no limitation upon this offer, and the plat was obviously before the district court and is before this court as evidence upon all issues in the case to which it has any relevance. Thus, we are concerned with a right-angled triangle whose sides are 1300 feet, 470 feet and 1382.35 feet in length. The area thereof in acres is 7.0133. A triangle of this type and dimensions, by using the north line of the SWJ4 SE14, which is an established survey line, as the north line of the triangle, and the point where this line touches the north boundary line of the highway as the point of beginning, which is consistent with the beginning point in the deed description, corresponds with the westerly and by far the greater portion of the triangular shaped portion of the SWJ4 SE14 lying north of the north boundary line of the highway. It appears from the plat and the acreage in the triangle described, that this 1955 deed did not cover the- entire portion of the SW54 SE14 lying north of the highway, but that very small portion thereof which may not have been covered is the easterly most portion and this is covered by the 1959 deed.

In view of these circumstances, it appears to us that a surveyor could have gone upon the ground at the time of the execution of either the 1955 or 1959 deed and very shortly have ascertained what lands were intended to be conveyed, and could have come only to the conclusion that the lands intended to be conveyed lie in the SW14 SE14, rather than in the SE}4 SE14, except for the easterly and greater portion of the lands conveyed by the 1959 deed. Certainly, he could have come to no other conclusion after checking the evidence on the ground, such as the existing fences, growing crops, and the fact that the portion of the SWJ4 SEj4 lying north of the highway was a triangular tract such as described. Inquiries of the grantors and grantees named in these deeds would have further confirmed this conclusion, as would the fact that the grantees went into possession of the lands in question pursuant to the grants in the deeds and remained in possession without objection or complaint from the grantors. See Marquez v. Padilla, 77 N.M. 620, 426 P.2d 593 (1967). In Hughes v. Meem, 70 N.M. 122, 125, 371 P.2d 235, 238 (1962) we quoted the following with approval from 16 Am.Jur., Deeds, § 262 (1938) :

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Bluebook (online)
525 P.2d 854, 86 N.M. 494, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/richardson-v-duggar-nm-1974.