Richard James Johnson v. Michael Venable, et.al.

• Court: Texas Supreme Court
• Decided: December 16, 2015
• Docket: 07-15-00332-CV
• Status: Published

Opinion

gtc~t)rd Jo.IMe.S JJI\~Sc" TDC:~- i D#-rot.:~Sb$5 q ':ra~~s V. 1\1\rebuA\J DEC 1R 2015 2t c I FM ~b 9 f\lul'-1-k ICJ WA 9~R k /f?( 76367

(\ erk 12.-&-15 c~ut+ 6t APP~Al~ ~LV~i"\fh Ot~trtl.l o.f l~')(o..~ 561 S. F~\\W\6(Q..,~u.~~2-A Afl'\ l).r ~ \ ( \tl, T~- 7 qfa 1- 2. lf lf q

RE: co.s('_ f\\u.lM.b~r: D7-l5- o0332 -c.v ·tdo.\ l.ou.c.\. (o.$-~~u~\,ltl'~ l6\02'2 -D

~~yl~ ~ ~i~CMJ }I)..M.~~ 'T~kns~n \1, N\.~t.h~~l Ver'\A b\~

De.w t \~ck: Th e t. tlo~ l"5 r \ ~ H ~ A-flp el\IAA.t.s. br~tc b. copy j w k:d, rs u.11o lv\ o.~\e ~ -k J-"- L '~PFJ l.~t S c.t4 ~ ~I {). ( c' J } . L\\\ tr ~ e. JA~~tf ~ke.o. OFFtlE DF ATTORNEY ~ENERAl P,(),~oX {25lf-B CAPIT~t STAff oN AU~Tl"-L 1K ?g!lf - CftS'i.. No. DI-15-Do332-Cit 'TRIAL till RT cAS. f. 1\fo./01022- 0{-,"'1 '' DEC 1R 2015 UE\IF 1·'T1-: . <:~~ ~ \:'·I '

Rltl-JARD JAMES :TDtiNSDl\t, 5 COURT (jF APPEALS APPELLIINT, Pf

V~. 5 DF § M\tU~EL V~Nt1BLE., E.7 AL, § TEXAS:, AP4'£Ll£E $. § POTTER (CUM T't APPELLANT ~s 1SRlE_F

T .C E, ~fL£~ Tf·ff~ HIS 4-PPULANT'.S f?.,R.rf.F','" .4NO l/ ~T~ Til£ 'F'ofltJW!Alfo 11 A-ND »£R£ 11\1 I t\1 ~U. PPDRl" T+f£REDf': I, IIJEMTIT 1 f)F PARTIE~

1. RtCJ.f~r

1 M\ tJ/A(L \lENA-Elf.,~~l. MARTI-lA- M. MAf.~. S.t:. f. D. DwrNS ~ (6 S 3" ~ of? A- P£\Z, ,C..o s Fv MARTIME2, C.o'f e APT, 1)£A N. I

P. M\TC.l-fELL, t()3. NAI~t\N/AL ~ TUDtR ~C.O'f .1- RtcUA((D Rts£

W. fJ. C..L£MEJ~1~ UNfi-T OCJ-t .ID 9bDi SPur< 5 q I AN'tAR lltc ,< 7q l t> 1 APPELLEf ~ 1-U\ RD LD "J. Ll L\..EJ( HEATHE~ fCJJ

Au~rt It,~)( 7g7 u ATfb~I\\Us t:or< APffLlf. .f S II. 1ABLE Df lDNTE.NTS

\Qt~1t\'( DF P'A~\\l~ PAC,E. Di ~AG.E. D3 1' A-~~~ D~ t,Q:, "'-\£. N1 ~ '\'A~f O't \~DE~ Df AU1\.\l)R\T\E~ ~7 A-1£ME.NT Df THt CPr~€. PA-Co~ os fAC,£. DG 1S5UE5 Pt\EStN1E.O ) TATEM£N1 Df Tftt fAC\S PM-E. or fA~E. o8 SUMMJtRY Df ARL,UME-NT f!Jc,E_ 09 ~RGUMrt:NT LER1t f ItATE 6f St!Z\/tCE P/lt:,E tS

C.Dt>Y 0f )U D6ME:.NT t\?P~AL£0 FRDM Pt\b

3 IlL \\\DEX. 0 r AlATH OR IT I E .S

•-Asu'l\1).( v. sl6"'t_, 'j S:W.3~ I. 1-2 (~t<-~pp.-J.t.~v.s.(is+.1>1.d-J 1197) Sou \J~"' V. 13oLAlJ~n 133 S.W. 3 J 8g If v

C.11M.V 'be \1 V. Ut., M t\n. 93l F. 2J lll'.f- 75 L7Jk dr. /9'1/l c.J~~f-tl" v. ?ta.rl.d·r-H.l. \ 11.5 2. WainS v. Ku~u, '+D't. 5\q.~w. qz,s.c.t S. \'P-oq-o;e 3u-ty-z.tJ.;to-"1>t. tl{'p. 99C'1' 1-tu~Sot'\ V.?a\ \1\'\~f. { Uyc\r~·d( V. Uu"'hr. i.fft-q 1=. '!cl 972$ UL 0 r.10ot;;) C,\\\ V. ~yl t\\s.\-r\bukiM\ th. fblf SW 3d ~l)U,01 l7'1t Apfl.-iotXC\rk6V\t"' 2C>~1) (,~r t~\~ V. ~M~e.~. '2D1 ~W. "1d l.f.G_1 ( '2.G~) Lo.~t.cs+ct.~ \/. Kti\~Sh:.-v'' lft;3 F.3A C.21 [1..\-L. t\ r. '2-oDG,J N.a.\k'-'\ v.T"A\ec, 211 F.!A 7b5. 7fo1#~:/ll (s..J.l t!r. /(/97) Mar-\-h" V. ~c.o.\-\-. \5b ~.3j ~1~ ,5$() (5 ~~ t\ r. I99 S) Mas~n \1. \\Joc>~, M\r-..\'1-. Vi. Gc7\'Z.G.\t.~. \~2. :;w 3~ C,]0, ~:)g (;1<.App. 2e>os) Mer ~o." V. Du.!kc lf~1 r.~~ If55 C~~'-' t\r. Zco5J MoH\t.. V. ?o~;Je.\\. Lflfq F.:,J 'S2.(s.t\...t.'ir.2.6of.) \\\e.\\rl, Lfq() tJ~~--~\C\.'!117, \M ~.U.l~17. \f)\f l.td. 1J !lg ltQi?:,9) Ptta.tAo \1. v.,n\<.e.r. 7l f.lJ 6\t\biJ (s~\.t\r. 19%) Pu;~~\e. \l. ~thn. 31.f.~ F.1A C.11f. C.r-t-~c:r. 2<>iD3J Pn.s\~t) V. She.tt,~t 230 SW 3d 172. \.;~ ,Af'p. 'lc»S) R~\-z.\a~t V.\e.:ta.~ t\~p{.l.r1W\(A~ o~ tt~~\1\!A\ jus~t<-LqlfSW'le\bSD~bsl(~.nf'f'.-l.oo:D 1\tu_Dc\. '21S,1JI. (5}\., Ur. /9 ?~'\ ()f..o.u Y'l\l>nt V. 'Thc.Sh&."""" 1.~6 ~V\1 :;d C:.Ms, ~\3 l'it.t\pp~100fr.J ~o..r-.ll" V. C.oM\U. SiS U.S~ lf7A ( lqq6) \lo.\~e.SV.Lri!>sby.'+SOF.3dl1.3' . _ ,

V'TAC. t.\\1\L Pete. \.RtM. l.bt\£. M~N. !.~ 9--u\e... l Cafe. ll.l£.1 Ll) (_.() (t) l ~l ( t,) 0

\11J.\C.C.\\J~<'rc.. 'a.~t.w-..Ce.\\l... ·~"(\ ~~ \ 3~.c~ \- e:so&:. \librt.. t.\\1~ Pre...\ V.. t.~.U>c\~ ~"V\ ~s ') . o\) \ \'~u.~~ \1. ""a"""' q'l_{\ f;2.d \~q~h\'f0'3 bd. C.\r.lqql) \V. STA1EME.N OF THE l.A~E

Dn \\\u\fll~~u 1C>. 1.o\1.. flrr~H~i i(\t.~ ~'is ortJ'tno.\ ptJ~i'o"' rusv+r"~ v""~.uev-s J. . e. pr¢>.:..t.s.s, 6U,~:.-tr~ Md ~lo\~~'iOn~n \t.\-~\\C\het'\, Q.t'l~ .\-\,Jt~l-- u:~VV'.S. b.~a)l'\-:,.\- II 1DC.~ (..euf..L+~cr'\G\1 :>.\.oSt 'vv--~~\:,us \"' 4~'ic \tv.hv~~.w.\ LlkfCAt.1~k.i. On. lJ~<-t..~btr /. 1..0 l't Appe.-\\D-A~S t:a~J..S.~S .J o.Lktb\"1 w-ue...di~""lss~ ~"~~- c.'-'"P~r \4- o~ }ht.__ 1 e_"AaS es,S,~ f'r01-u\-tc.~ t'-"~ ((.Q.'M~)~t.> (>~t_. (~""''"'- of Appe..\\o.rv\- C-~\L.~ hc.i,~e.. 6t- ~pp~o.\ ol'l 'Jo.V\>..J..a\J..ry, tD.?-ot~ o. ....~ ~t. 'Y+h Di.s.+N~..\-- App(~ .>!'\ M{)..y 1L2 cl3 l) V\ \~, 2.0 l~. ~l~>-\"~'lt.C./App~\\o.,Xs e.o.s.~ wus .+r-o.".>~.(r~~ ~l'o\M. l-~<- IDt, Jt.. 'J. . . ~~ -.fo.\ ~tt..~v...J. 0\s~rt<..~ ~~ ~hSL32~H. -:5v-dic.\a.\ ~\sXrk>t- .C..ov.r~. -''On Novth-\ber 15.1013 Appti\M-\-'J Lo.u5f.S. o..C Clc.-\.h."' w~Jt t.l.jo.\n JLs.m\>s~ WI~-~ Cl-P..l-H 1lf o1' Jt.e "f e. 'l

A~fJ..\n flppQ..\\o.~ ~\\t~ Y\t>lH t 6~ J:\~p~o.\. () 1'\ 'D-t.c_~Y\1\~&Z.r i1. 20 P.f ..j.\..t. 'fj.h b\~ri<.~ L6v.r~ e~ A~fe"\i ~v.llri~~ c.~ 1'~1'1'\ctl'!ciJ i ria) LD\1\ri-J

~ l.$ \'V'.H 5. 1A \ ~ !i.f • four.\. a.9o."\" d1sM\s.S..~ App~l\o~~+·fs. f.t.o.~es. ot u~:.\-~oA un~1r C. r .& ....W\....._a.ry Dn Au~usA 11., 1t'l\S lrt..1\ Ju. J C)""' e 1\..\- •• l'l ('j Ap?C?\\O-A>t- --t~\t..5> ~~s \'\~~u ~-pfH.ul "'"'~~o~ l-~u.\- cr\v . v. ISSUE~ PRE.S£NTED

1.. Tria\ C.oar<\ ~bu.sJ \+~ ~ts(H..\.\o.,.W~e..- ..\-k~ Tu.Jg~ Y!'\a~e. .+h~ loU aW~:3 s.t-li\+1( ~~..Js a.+ +tt~ ke..o.r~n')~ I\- Aees."~ r~akt. O..ny Jl:~t~rent~ Who..\. I b.e..\~.r<:v.C.. ~ .. Repor~er'£ R~t~r~£.p~e..1'f H... e:.s 11f-l.5 II

I'~ c\~u n\ 'Mo.\u. o..l!\y chU-t!.r·V'(~ ." Rctp~r~-tf 's RHor~S .. ~~~-t. 'l..S \}1'1~ 2. 1 ht. '1uJ~12... W"~ Sa.'f 11~'~ '- .\-\...a~ hL- Wl.lSn~ a.! ~1--.~ he().d~:t -l-o M(}.kil CMJ J (JJJe 1-V\~.-J~. T~e.. Ju~~L ~~t.to.rJ ~ \..().-\- \..'t wc....S \"tu.rYb~ ot fb'\~~'' "~ o.n O"flfl'"'''!)"· 1. Tr-tlJ.' Cnu.r.\. o..bu.r..e.j\+'s ~esue~' . . " \,'/ 5\A~~re->s'"~ .\..rts.~\1'\'\ol'.y "'t\~ vl~\0\~~a'\IJ f)u~ f}),bc_e_~~. 1'~d~e_S~'f~"dS'~ lillh"'.::."'/ o...\- ~.tt~c.r.\-ut ~ ~ tot£h. 'Pu.lJ(L 25 \ }"t. 9, /I), II ~~o..A-t(\~! ...'1\\tlrt Wt>\\\T ~t A"'"f TE~l\MO~'l TA\.

3. tt\11\ C.~u..rl.. 11bv-~ttA \>ts At.St.(J..\oi'\ b'f ""o\""~~~':) VTAC...O\f\i...Plt~L'{\('£ ~ 1

4 . It'~ C.Ou ~ abv...'i.J \:\..' ~ d-t.St.(~h.e(\ by 'Jner~l\, f to.h"' ot Ar~\t,J.~t. ea~( . \-. 5.- \nil\ C.ov.c.\. o.b~J t-\.S du<.rt.~\~...._ hy Vlo\ ..\·u'9 VTACtl\ftlfJ{(M•. ,~ l'...ttv\, tll't)'£ ~ \~ r... Lc\lo) ,(t]f:t..':>'- Co . "Tc-)'~\ c.~ur>.- a.\v..s. J \ \-r~:. d(_s..c.r~~\o111 bv v(o )6-~f.l\~ V71K Ov, fR.AC., ~ Kf.AA. t6 D'E ~ ·t'-' t:t (10 (a) trtqu.\r\~ ).."fk\- kh t\}.J...~ . . P"Qo.t... ~"'

6 Vl. STATE.ME.l\I'T Of fACTs.

D"' ~tYu ~~u 2tJ, l.D\2 A~r.~\lV'"~ .{\tl kt1 O-t\_q~~'lA \ p-(IA-\1~~-" 4r Tor~ tlo.\~ G'.\, J 'l~o\CJ..\\br.~ ot \.\...~ T k~il-. ha k~h-+y Gl c:A In +t.._..e_ I 0 &+~ J~A~ ~c..\GA 1OL~4N~rt ~v4 D-C ro-.t+ v ~"'-h~Y 'TR X(). s. ' lAI\ ~ JU' :.t k~ ~~ PiA \..t_~ Ov\ ~ _s M lA +--ti ; V1.4(. t~v~ I 9rGtdr~::~ 'k ~~t~.e.~~e-' lA~e.. A1'1 r~ ~ 5,60 I VI A-c.. 0 u}\ rtu.c...\-tte_ \£tt-t~-e.M~s. ~~{ IJ,.,r. ~ 150 VIA<.. ov~\ rr!ll'-l-'~t 'k~t..~-ku. 6;.~1{_ /11\,., ~ /3'toci-Clo6. f're~fado v1~'-'~·U\eU.13C )W 3J 112 C7

7 s ·o--')?~ f)'1t \)'? oJP vQ'\\VJ~-arC~~ d-J\1t-t,1J-'(')\V\'''4\~ ~\In .._C/Dl{'v)t1?Y <;.... 1Jo~'1:~Jd 'hJ'Ot\\o~ l-.~ Q\t·-qJ~'E.-u l\~4 "\11)'\t ~\'\'fJ v"Q'f) ..)~v· J'IJr'?I.J 'V'Q ~.,l'~ret·t:t s;-JT'(1J "l'H t"'it "1)"")\~")r. )~ "ii\')Qr tV~1ilJ& JP • "lt19.ld 'MO '1~ Qr c")ll~1v?r\ Gv~J~n~"\-J r~u ~~ "'t3'\t~j)~G~ i,.~"t\, ,~r\"0 ,J~""J \Q!J~·~ '(:t:)'\.:i) ~GJ \1) YJ ~,1 '5 Et.Cl07 · w 3~ lf Jl'Jid ''"'' :1111\ fvt t"Q\~·{"' ~~ VQ!..t-on 5~V S:\ ~ ~~~n\-a t'~9J \Tl\J l.' ~ , rJn'S lv ~"t! ~ "-?~"'q, '/ • Vl?)\'"'t-,.~ 0 'f rar<>.I"S $ " r') i". ""1t"'t"~J> 1'1 Gv vn'1 ., t., ).vo 4ll \tnt ~~ 'S"5 ~ ' d d" <;. t JM-;) l'" •..1.. •i 'oJ6'1 ~~~ dJu i'Vl'b~'O 5-J. C)~pn,.e. o'1t V!()'J~(V} S"~vpol1 tQ ~VJ\\'-'~ Gv-(\AJ)'/\Q_~ VO'\-tY)tttlVOJ )Q M'O\ J'Q ?1594 ~VtJ ·v~\tJ-J1Sa~ "Jt~ bv,t-sn~V · v)~ld'OJ V\ ~ 'Qr'\ t~ t'Olf+ ~(rW~'O\J i'JD""J ~t 'bJQt~1rJ ~,1 \ V 1\ ')at't~~ -r·v~()Q'~ >7"T1t L t'0'1f1 a~ ~)'tV}\A,f'O"~\""'C:., lvoolJt:l'-'4 Qt .J'01!'1 -rau "-"'."!.. b'1 v J,'o-)v~Jttt\'f' l..vv ~7li0Vv\ -t,v'So-or i!), II ·a- 1\ ~ ~ rq-cr I t~'1M ~7 V~J()-J1 !}' AVYJ )-)1 'Q""' -t;\An-or; ;t!,, ~~i'l?-tY ~~yns:. q. "tl z·Gvnt }""ill?) _a-~y \II() --;JJ\1} ! ~\v-a ,7tvl-~r"'~'(ju~ AJ"i'~~~~~~~ ~vv )j:~vQ'~t'I7G1rJG?~'So/\lt'OJ1~1v~IU\VIJ 1,'-uo~y:,~~t>

i:Tn a\ "S .... j9e. a\.v.~;~ ~)~ de..s.c.reJ}e."' by ~.\.c.l\118! 11 1T Dot.Sl\t'\ Ml\k t A~"( \Jl\=fE.R£\ltE WHilll tlE.L\E.V£, '' Rere.,.!tr•.t 12ec.c.rJs po..~

cle.f~R..AL.e... or .\-h.~t ~\u\".\-\f£. :;:- ~t.~s..t~ ,Mo.l-(e_ o."'l ~}t.!vt-"'e_ wk~d, wayl~-t.. ""S"~ci.J~t -ru.l~s f" J.~~ ~IA+'\11'11~'Y ..., ucl~IM.e..n~.

The.. 3u.J'j lL'S. ~c.~t~+•~"' hue._ ~cu cu~~}"~~ VTAC ClViL~RlltTI('!;. A~lD Rt.M~D I~ s. L6Dli:S § \'~A .. 'Tti·u.\ ""!vd~e 1116\·c..o..\..-tJ 1 he ~o.d h6 \.J.~J.~~~~ or.l-o.kt".9 a"'/ p.::..u:~J~o.n..

1 .. AtC.t:»\d\n~ .\-z:. VIA( L\V IL f'~l\(\ t(E ~ R'tMEi) 1£ ~ (J)D£ ~Itt; A Lf)! ' Forn--. o~ Aft~~(!.."·,\~·. FUR1H£~ 1ES1\MO~Y- 1 ';A~~Of~t"1a."J oppossl~glif~i!cw\f.t 5'~tA\t 6e tv\. e.!(,! on. Pt:.RSOl\\Al KNDWLt.DC,E.. S\.,li\\ Se.} ~ott\.. ~tJC.h ~i.i.(+-~ as Wou.\J be. d~ i'\'li~~a,\-e '"' -tviJe,ce) O.Y\}:. ~"-'o.\.\ ~k~:>W tAUh~lAh~r~\y.\-k! ~le. uU\ur.+ i.s to~Je"~ +<> -\-eS.\-l- fy -l-o ~h.e_ t"'-a-1--!-~ttS S,~o.\t~ hHt.\ i'\,U p \ ll\~~~t~ Cl~t~'f\J 4--c. obt. ~~ ~LfS.bi\Q\.\ k(IDW\.ul~L- AI\~ ~I.A(~~~( 4 s.\.t~al\'f' ~q"u 'IM ~x.~.tr~ W\~Y'.t_~S. - ~Wu lo(r~cJ{o,... bu.v~ ~, -l:h CA.~ wo'""-\j ht>.vlt L:.rr~ bc.lf'oJ.t.~ ..\-h!L fL..\vv\-tU.' ~ U..V\ D pros.\J..'tt.t"'Ja .-1-h.tL Su\1\-\""'IA'Y J U. d ~tv\ t.IV~ • \h.e..... U.u~..\ - ..\-lu -~t,rt.. A'bi.)..sJ \FS J~_.St.rQ...,l..~l!./'1 Wh.~ ~.\- ~~V\r~J l-kfs Mo-l-~o~ ~ .\. u :\-~I' !J \, 'I'T\-\lRE WOl\\1 '&t ANY 1E~l\f\[\Q~Y \A~EN.''' R~ porl~h ~ec.c.rai "f'd~t- 25 .. t)n-t.S CJ.ll>1 11.

\-\ow i{\llLr, \JT Ptt. l\VtL P~At1ltE.& RtM£.0~$ C.ODc ~ \J;~ o. li ;) ; IE~~ ''THt. t'LE~~ lNf>~. A'bM\SSio~, AFf\OAVIT~n Sll PUUXTtON.~ Df 11-tE. PART ANt\ AUT~Ef\l"flC.ATED ~R LERTIFIEO PUI3UL RfC6R05. !t=' nNY. bl\\fiL£ A'l THf.

t\ Mt: Of i~<~r \-ltt)-R\l\\f,, L)R 1=\l£~ 1"\..lt~AfT£~ AND BEft)~£ JUDGM£NT WITH PERM\SS\DN Dt T"£.. LDU~T.. ~\t~W THAT, Exc.E~T A!;, TD T#E.. AMDi.J.NfTAM01lt£ MOVtl\\~ t>F OPtM~r.,~~- \\.\lR t \~ ND G\:~U\\\\£. \S5U£ A~ TO ANY Mtt1'E~ tJIL fA.C. fRRTY t s t:;NTITLED 1 o"JUD~E.MEJ\\.T fl5 ~ MATTER OF LAW Ol\\ ·1~E \S~\\ES EXPRESSLY Sfl OUT IM 1\-lE MO\\Ot\\ DR \hl rihl t\\i~Wf.R 0~ A~~ 01\tt.R RB~D~t.\ \~)\\£5 NOl UPN: ll ~bT B£ Ss\..'l P1ttSENT£0 TD 1\-\t1t\\t:\:L tOUR1 ~'l WRltffhl MDTIOt\t.A~WER OR OntEJ( RtsPON~ES 5\-\A CM\\5\Dm.~\J D~ AtpPt.AL AS (;ROUNDS FOR Rt.VER$t\L. A5UMM~RY JU~bM.£\\tT MA¥ BE Bf\SiD 0~ U~CM~\\\~~E~1£t) TE51\MOt\\lAL E.VIDE~t£ Df AN ~ 6f f/K.\ EX ?E~T WtTNE.,-~ .4S TD SU13J"ttr MA~fER t~\{{E:R\\\.\"f:, W\t\l\t 7]E IBif MUS,\ BE (,U \DlD 5DLtL'{ 1)Y IHE OP\~tDN. 1~~1lM.ONY OF EXPER\.S. IF THE EVtorN(£ !5 CLEAR. PoSI\!VE AMD OtRef,.1. 0\\-\E.RW\St:_ C.R&..n\~l£ AMD FREE FR6M CDMTRAD\(1l6l\\-.S AND lDULD l-1 A-VE. l:JE..E\\\ RF.Ab!L~ tDl\\1CVERT£0..- ThQ.. +wo c.z.rr~

U, Y\ \- r-~;> Vtr kttA •

4).\ hL ~Wb C.,rof ~"re.c.\-tD"a\ G:.o...u..c-~1 ~ -:)eob dUtf~f'.\-'fo"' .. \ op~oifll\~ pov.\-(-e_S. (A A~()..~" u..Pr\\1\--.fL tkf~6.. o..(:.. d.fs.o.~f.(ilW\~~~ b'L'+W·U.II'..

~) ·r ~JL .\-we \!:.~~~r~ w ~ku ~es t:Au\l ha\llt fJruvM~~ ·~~~-tt""'.a"''t us~ ~mper ~-f:tsc.A{(cJV? \'?0 ho~ ,.\.\,-..o_~ qav..r~r art. .+u ts-\\otrJ ~((.oi'\.~Yl'J ~-roc. s. A(\J.-\-..z( ~rtG... ol. ~"'~tl\~(~n • WhtLA ~ \...~ C-ov.l't d~"\~~ ·(}._~~t \\o.~+ .\.\.-.~ w\.\nti~'L5 - /J<:.cer~\(1 ~ ..\.-~ ~-\.. 1.\b ~" ~ l"-L to~l'}-1}.\.oV...£>~~ t.\-~ J't ~(_\"'~\--\bA • 3.By r~~(,t~f"~ ~ hLo.r t'l(~t(~.k.s..\-f~ti"Y -\-l-.t. l.ov.r\- V,'o\a~~~ VTAC.l(\fiL fRAt\K€. ~ RfM tDIIS CODE 5lbb Q ( ( ) . lf. T rfaJ tcv..r.\. Abv..stl \+s de.sc.rJ\t»l'\ h'f 1j"crt"9 ruh"~ of CA'ffe.\\~ Cow~: 0 l\ po..3t. '3l\b o~ to~r\- \ r~~o.~"Lll)Wtf\\C:. A{JZiluJz C..e:.vt~ p\o..~t.d ~" \~S ('u_\\!\Ll, ~ Appt \\o.f'.~ 0 b.)ecJt~ hf{ft ~ ~~l'o(~u~s Re.torjs \)o.9~L12. \in~ /~,2.D.ll. 2.2.( a11~ 2.3. ~o .\-\-.rz_ de..te.A-t\\o.l\r.s t<.qu.~S~ l~ hj\\v~<.....l-lst...+~..Uo l:c.tr~(.J-}Mat ~Qv.r~S. E.)(\'u\. wn\-'.t~~e_~ ... .\-t~X..~t'f- ~\\Pl ~t~~\W\cs"y tlS ~c. Wht.\-l- lt.-~ ''S>c.c~ D~ t\,dr ~h'\p\C)yW'en.\-'~ o.<.luo.\\y tnLc.W\ye('ILct.5, Whi'A.\- 0.\\ \k- t-0v~'~. (. -:'\ \ 1\c.: rd~t\ \ 'oa-th- M\nl'l.. V. Gu~':z.o.\e..s, \G2.. $,W. 3d G35, b33 ~t,C.., App. -~ous+. ~t~-+~Ot.s"-J 2C>05) ~~ Pre.s~u.lo 'I~ ~h(.~~h.\t 2.30 5W 3d 17i (Ttlt.f\f'r. 2.1)05) s+lk~L ~h.6->r "CO'JtRtlC:,M \W\N\\Al\\\1'1' -FuR liJTE.NTfDNAL ACT 5. 11 ~ c ,, J .\-k \\ Tr o.r-.1 \!(\ Cbl\.\-tt\ ~~ Wt. 1. uh\'-' bet\""' e..~A.u'bhs..\...~~ C:a.s~S>, A{\~ 4..-L 4'u..\r"~ f.('~ W\ +lL A-p ~e.-\liA~e.. C.Ou.rk. , A~~t....tlo.".\- \.ttt.A ..\.6 ha.VL tow+ r.t.Lb~t\\~,e_ ~L Clf'@(..U~l-e.. ~u.~~\ cu.\r"9 hel'tl....'· R.t~ocA~r'sc.fj, tlpr~Ho.l\~~ D bJ~t..\-r~"'s o..\- 4-k~- f.v,:VV\~o.ry -:fv..J~~t"'\- ~~oJ'fn ~ Cov-trS. ~hll. -C.-a\\ow'f(\~ (,.,..~~~- A-+Re.~Det~r'1fR~c_~r~ fa-~~ 12 H11(~ t9-2S pa 9t I3 ll ~ es 1- 2 c; p0.~ 1 \ \ f r"\f.. ~ ' - 2 s Q_ e c.t.9 e. \4 " n e. s 1- 2 s P 21.. \"" e.~\ 2> fo Q.. \5 \wv~~ 1- .ZS a~~ Paa~ 2~ \,(\e._S l ~" =Z5 o,.,9:J~~ lh \fl\ {.~ 1- 2 f. r"" '- \ 2.5 Po.9Q 2.'f Hl\tt s t- f 3 Pa 9~ \1 H('es. "" 2 (} 2.'t \l('\.e..-~ 11--l'l Po.~L \~ \,(\~~ \- s 10.~~ f ~ \9- \1~11ti \.-2.5 PC\~IL 2.t{: \rl\e_~ 'Zo-23 e~-t 2.0 l\"e..~ , ... zs ra.~L 11 'f('l-t s. G- .z.s 1'n9Q.. z..~ \rV'.-e..~ \- z~ A9u_H~f V~ ~+one... ~S SW. 3d \.l-2 (ru...App,-/-lous.+,€s+.D'rs+)1997) C.aw-..~'be..lt \1. \.\ehW\td,, q31 F.1J 12 l'·f'-75C7H CJr.Jq91) tu.lp~ptf v. Pe.O>.r \ Stre.t~ 13L[)t; _ •!nc.. 877 F.z.J sn 8'02 Dtl\i-OY\ V. ~etno."je:L. 5olf u~ ts,33)/2 5.CJ..I728,/IB Lf J.2J 3'-IO Ct112) E~~lct V.f','er~on, If 35 F.3J lfJ 12.?2 ~Ltlkfl . hn 11. Wfllfd~d, 2 9E SW 3J 31'1. 3'1-1 (-rx.F+.worJL. 2oo9.) ~}U v. ~hpJ~i 11: ~~. '~·~q. OlD Jl)-f.V~2b I()·~ 7/f. App,' 1987 i

Gl u fll JJ~y D,s+fi bu+ Ion Ctt' {;If 5/AI 3J b/J/.603 (R, AJ'f'· [Jf?fo.tkCAM~ zoo;) lo.g~d&-rl)rn V~ ka~,.,~5..f..o~. Lf&,J F.3d bll (tJ.J.. Crt'. zc:.oG) Mahch 1 V. Thaler. 111 t.3d 7b5, 7h7.. 6g (s.tt., (lt. /997)

11 Hydrir..k V. \-\v."~t..f, lf'f q F.1d 97l! {H-h (Jr. 1_c,oG0 Go..rrt.~.\- V. \bd(~.v... .. 2o2- ~t-J.'1 'b~'J (1..c..tl.CD) N\M\~" \l" ~ cl\k-\-. \Sb f..1 ~ 7B ~s ~D G+1.. C\r. 199-8\ s MH '1CA" V. l:Jre..\-k~, Lf33 f.:r~ lf5S (s.tt... c~r.l.~~) Mt>rf\S. v. VDwd\, i.flf9 r.3.J Cc$2... (~Or. 2oe:IOJ \..le..itz.\ r.?:.~ bl2.. bl1 (.>+\. u('. t9%) l>~9~~e. V: Cbl-J.u"'. :3'-f~ ~31 b1if (7.-U. Cffl.2o~~) Rtt~\f.Jt V. TD\jl 9lf r;,W, ~J b50~{,-ex.Apr.:2ro2\ MdJcH\o.\l V. SJ.~WtH·~, 13'2. P.1.J 225.231. ls~" CJr. J 9 90 Gea~tnat'\.\- V. \1...sha~ .. ~S SW ~l b08, ~ IB (-,x. App. laCJ€0"> SanA'" V. (oW\11-(u, 515 u.S lf-73 lt945) VTAC. (\V. P«AC.~ R£M. WD€. A,.-, %S'.u u i VTA c_ tlV. fOf-\C\t ~fM, Co

' (\ n .. ),. .~...~'-'If,_,. "' 'F' c.J' ~ n~ o< \ J e/)Se!;' ~~o..~~"~ &~bu~ ~.~ ~o.r~Jll> re~d"~ .+-o .\.l-.~.12. \f\~~ t~"'"'6""'bly. f-. , A<. <. o r ~I ~ !i- .\.o .\.\._ ._ !1.."'\ "- l (;.(;, «(H) tJ>..o 1,.,~" ~ a •'l. ~ \o ~kI" ')> \''e.\< A,\..._ J, \ "' lo ~ ~ +uI.). i.. 15 ((l...uS

0 u 1( \)rote.S~ f t ~ h+-~ Vt'e \u.\-\ on L D-tt~"t'\S.e. th\\b~cv.~(\y tv\t ~tui'\S~ti.A~~ +h~i~ C.\o.\~L A'jo..\1\, . Af>f't.\\ LAI\l- Never (_\ o.\ \""~~ ~e. wo.~ f lo.ce.J ~~ A& IV\\""\S•~('O.J hJe. Se.~t e.jat.~n n (:)(' Pr(. '-'~0\1' t~ q t)~k".\.r-CI" , f~ S. \-tfL~ ~c,". L\o.\~~ ~~o.\- h~ ~\.AV'\tS he~ t::.r 0~~~~ bJ.ot-e. ~\\.\-y ""or 0" (_.e \\ 1\QpL\\o/\)r Wo..S. C.H\ btt \.., 9 .tb\11"\ o k 4-ha-.\. ot.C~A.H , By ~H"~ 9\CA,tl \" SOl\7A~Y [ON.~\N[ME.hl\ £v·~~. ~h"- ~t~~"'e.. c_\u..\Ms o~C~"'~~r! hov\_ \"\~ ~M f.1.d b21 ('1JI.. Clr. Zoo6J, B~f.DRt_ O.l\'f 'D\SU PL\M~({y f.\t1\0l\\ \S TtHt£.f\\, 1'h ~ ~H&w) f\ ~ t>"'"e.. ~r~:oc{..ss (e_q\;{\re ~~s h'\usl b._ iMp \\-\'ht"' ~~. ~ ~

f3 \l-\e. 6ttt"t\itc mu ~+ re.c.~t~r~ ADVA~CE WR\Tlr:~ \'lD\\tl D~ T\K C.\-\RRbtt..s, 1\-tt (\.Hlt\tE. T\) P~I.StN.T Tt~T\M0\1'! AI\\!) I.::IDU\ME.TAR Y E.VtDE~te. TO A\\I lMPRRTU\L DECJSIDMMAktR. B~D A lAfRITTE"N ExPUNATtaN ~uPPDR'rfD BY AT LEAST SOME tVIDff\\t£ 1~ T~1; fRE. AMY 0\~C\PL\MM~Y ACTiiJM t ~'TAkEN. All of ~U7AJ('I tDN.Fl~EMENr~ '~"~ "-'-"~ o.pp~\\a-.".\.'~ use. J-."'u d\~ ""~.\- o~{.or~. I."' .\.-k(. clllk~<.\",\.ts, Mc.\.fe."'- ~\.-.Ly br-ov-~"'~ v.p J.ku~ U..~e.S:· · l-f/ll¥1~\.\-ol'\ V. Wll\ta\'V\s, 2."19> S,w:~J 33lt~:Vtl C3f..J...Apf'' i=.l-.Woc!\...2.(:)c9) 'W'"'h.\... rt.lv~.k e..~\l rd~t~"-~.:~, l~~LY. no.\- ~l\TAR'f C.ONf\M~Mh..NJ. CELL RtSTR\tT \OM~ Mt~N~- i\-t ~1' ~'t Dfft~O£f< MX1 D\\\L't LfA\1£ ~\S C.1HL ~OR FDC.D SE~VH£., VI;,\\'::>, WORK, ~t\t() Mt.DKAL ~\\10 St\.IOOl A'Pf>rR'f CD\.\.f\N.tMt\\\1. · ADMlN\STRATt\/[ S£6R£.CATATlCN, \s no+ pv._naifv~.- ~c.\ ~\acy 1g,_, PRt\--\~Rl~fD Dh..T(t\\TlOt't, tS Nt,T ~OllT/\RY C.O~~\\\\£M£t\\T. 5o.~~f\ \1. Ld~~..tr\ S \ 'S U ~ 472\4-7fs (!9-95) M.o..\\i..'-".\ V. 'Tho.\tt.h.(kf~~"' v,\~v...cu. 7~ f\.3c\ fol1J~,I ~ Ls~\... l\c. 19 9&,) MO..r.\.(t\ V. Sc.o~>t-, \ Sb f. 3~ ~ t~l 5'30 Gtl tJr. 119~) No Oi\~ c-C-l-\--..u~ w-t.s ~1\~\<.o.~-€_ -"'"a.\- ~o\\\-cH'f ~1\f~l'-'ttv'-~"'" \£:. .+\..-t ~M'(.. b~ c_e_ \\ 4'(_SJ·r'tc&C"o"'\ 'eA.I'\b P.a~\"t~~~u..~hte ~ll~tt~~>JtDI'\, ~~~ cf\~ o.C...+\.-w\'L ~b~v~ tas.~s t.\C1..\~ >t~~ DL~t.\~\\"l)ry a.t..~To" .\-o.~~" a.~tt("~ D ~~'LI'-~~f $ w \~'h UU\>t CA.. dl'~'-\? \~1\0..f y "itO...('"~ - \ s r\ 6.\- b. ~\A.~ ~ tGCLi~ Vl'~'""\~~V>*"

1 \- \ S .\.nr .\-\....e.>~ 'J•..ry rtlih"~ Il ~ h-\ h~<\ I" 4\., cJ ~~ C.~f tl\ ""'\- '? r"'t ~ .\'1- ~ !> C..u. 1.- 1

f<. ~ u ~r.:\-\. eN\~ C.( \1\.o..."'t\~ ..\-~-E!.. C...a.S~ • tR~s~uk-~\\1 \.v..\n-.\~~ ~\r-i~ ~ok~ 12-8-/5 IS!<{2rc \-. 1).()1 ~\--e~ s-b \..."'<;..01\ (e.,o S\o~ ~ C.E.RTlFtCJ{1£ QF ~E\\V lt£

!t ~tcJ-'J\«lJ 1AM~ 10\\~~~M.\ APPELlANT ,'PRD SE: DD HEl?E BY CERT\f'( THr:tT ATRUE AND ffiRRtCT CDfY 6F Trt£ lU3DV£ AND F61eEt;DtN~

WA-S lSt:E~ S:.t:«VE'~ oN OPPbS\~~ COUI\t~El~B't' PLACif\\b TI-ff sWt\r

\~ TW U. ~. MAll l PbSTAGE. PREPAfD, D~\ D£(J.Mt3£1Z ~~ Ul5 A0fl({£.3.)f0

ra;

IS 09/0 2/20 15 14:2 1 512495913'3 OAG LAW ENF.DEF.DIV. PAGE 02/0 2

CA US E NO. V-101022-00-D RIC HA RD JAM ES JOHNSON, TD CJ No. 1005689, § IN TH E DISTRICT CO UR T OF § Plaintiff. § v. § § PO TTE R CO UN TY , TEX AS § MIC HA EL VE NA BLE , eta!., § § Defendants. § 320 th JUD ICI AL DIS TR ICT DE FEN DA NT S' MO TIO N FO R SU MM AR Y JUD GM EN T Before the Court is Def end ants ' Mo tion for Sum mar y Jud gm ent . After conside ring Defendants' motion, and any response filed thereto, the Court is of the opinion-that the followi ng order should issue:

It is hereby OR DE RE D that Def endants' Mo tion for Sum mar y ,Jud gment 1s GR AN TED . All claims against Defend ants are dismissed with prejudice as fri

Signedonthls~yof¥ 2015.

1.4 50 79 4 \ ·."