Reynolds Industrial Contractors v. Fox

935 So. 2d 783, 2006 La. App. LEXIS 1445, 2006 WL 1767137
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJune 28, 2006
Docket41,051-WCA
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 935 So. 2d 783 (Reynolds Industrial Contractors v. Fox) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Reynolds Industrial Contractors v. Fox, 935 So. 2d 783, 2006 La. App. LEXIS 1445, 2006 WL 1767137 (La. Ct. App. 2006).

Opinion

935 So.2d 783 (2006)

REYNOLDS INDUSTRIAL CONTRACTORS, Plaintiff-Appellee
v.
Willie Faye FOX, Defendant-Appellant.

No. 41,051-WCA.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Second Circuit.

June 28, 2006.

*785 Lacey P. Wallace, Bossier City, for Appellant.

Snellings, Breard, Sartor, Inabnett & Trascher, L.L.P., by Donald J. Anzelmo, Monroe, for Appellee.

Before STEWART, GASKINS, CARAWAY, DREW and MOORE, JJ.

CARAWAY, J.

The employee was injured in January 1996 when a hammer fell on her foot as she assisted another employee in moving tools out of an office. Workers' compensation wage benefits were paid to the employee through September 2001. The employer and employee then filed disputed claims for benefits which were consolidated for hearing. A judgment of the Office of Workers' Compensation was rendered based upon a forfeiture of the employee's benefits due to false statements in furtherance of the employee's claim. Finding manifest error in the forfeiture determination, we reverse that portion of the judgment forfeiting benefits, award supplemental earnings benefits of $150.00 per week and affirm the denial of penalties and attorney fees.

Facts

On January 26, 1996, Willie Faye Fox ("Fox") was working as a secretary for Reynolds Industrial Contractors ("Reynolds"). The company was completing a construction project in Chopin, Louisiana. As Fox assisted another employee move tools out of an office, a sledge hammer fell off of a tray onto her right foot. Fox received medical treatment for her injuries and returned to work on crutches. She worked for Reynolds until February 10, 1996, when the project was finished. Reynolds knew her employment would end before her injury occurred.

In July of 1996, Fox had surgery on her foot for the removal of bone chips. Thereafter she was referred to physical therapy and pain management. Ultimately, Fox was diagnosed with Reflexive Sympathetic Dystrophy ("RSD")[1] and received several sympathetic nerve blocks, but these failed to provide relief. She was referred to Dr. Kathleen Majors of Pain Management Consultants in February of 1999. Dr. Majors ultimately released Fox to perform sedentary work with some restrictions including elevating her right foot, but she never returned to any employment.

For her injuries, Reynolds paid Fox temporary total disability benefits through November 1, 1997, and then supplemental earnings benefits ("SEBs") through September 30, 2001. On November 26, 2001, Reynolds filed a disputed claim under La. R.S. 23:1208 seeking forfeiture of any further benefits for alleged false statements and misrepresentations made by Fox in furtherance of a claim for benefits. In October 2002, Fox countered with a disputed claim for compensation seeking reinstatement of wage and medical benefits. Fox also sought penalties and attorney fees based upon Reynolds' allegedly erroneous *786 calculation of her average weekly wage. The consolidated claims were tried on July 30, 2003. Two years later, the workers' compensation judge ("WCJ") rendered written reasons and a judgment requiring the forfeiture of any further benefits after September 30, 2001 and denying Fox's claim for penalties and attorney fees.

Regarding forfeiture, the WCJ determined that Fox "had misrepresented the extent of her disability on numerous occasions" and the "nature of her employment with Reynolds" and willfully made "false statements about accidents that occurred after the work incident." The WCJ determined that forfeiture was warranted and denied Fox's request for further benefits. The WCJ also determined that Reynolds miscalculated Fox's benefits because it erroneously treated Fox as a seasonal employee. The court recalculated the benefits on the basis of Fox's full-time temporary employment and awarded Fox the difference for the period between February 10, 1996 and September 30, 2001. Fox appeals.

Discussion

On appeal, Fox shows that the WCJ's opinion in this case was rendered 736 days after trial because the record was lost and had to be reconstructed. Because of this, Fox requests de novo review. Fox also argues that the WCJ erroneously determined forfeiture of her benefits and erred when it denied her penalties and attorney fees after the underpayment of benefits between 1996 and 2001.

In brief, both parties apparently concede that the final judgment was based upon a reconstructed record and trial transcript and was rendered almost two years after trial. Fox contends that the workers' compensation judgment, which was based upon a "very cold file," deprived her of substantial rights and entitles her to de novo review by this court.

Factual findings in workers' compensation cases are subject to the manifest error/clearly wrong standard of review. Alexander v. Pellerin Marble & Granite, 93-1698 (La.1/14/94), 630 So.2d 706; Smith v. Riverwood International, 35,727 (La. App. 2d Cir.2/27/02), 810 So.2d 1175, writ denied, 02-0958 (La.5/31/02), 817 So.2d 101. The courts have consistently held that the manifest error standard applies upon appeal in workers' compensation actions, even though the evidence before the trier of fact may consist solely of written reports, records and depositions. Virgil v. American Guarantee and Liability Ins. Co., 507 So.2d 825 (La.1987); Feild v. General Motors Corp., 36,339 (La.App. 2d Cir.9/18/02), 828 So.2d 150. See also, Shephard on behalf of Shephard v. Scheeler, 96-1690 (La.10/21/97), 701 So.2d 1308; McGill v. Cochran-Sysco Foods, 35,898 (La.App. 2d Cir.5/8/02), 818 So.2d 301, writ denied, 02-1609 (La.9/30/02), 825 So.2d 1196; Haile v. City of Monroe, 31,315 (La.App. 2d Cir.12/14/98), 722 So.2d 1192; Darbonne v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 00-551 (La.App. 3d Cir.11/2/00), 774 So.2d 1022. The jurisprudence has likewise not allowed for de novo review of the lower court's determinations because of the court's lengthy delay in making credibility judgments and rendering judgment. Rosenblath's Inc. v. Evans, 628 So.2d 1149 (La.App. 2d Cir.1993), writ denied, 94-0384 (La.4/4/94), 635 So.2d 1125; Manson v. City of Shreveport, 577 So.2d 1167 (La. App. 2d Cir.1991), writ denied, 580 So.2d 928 (La.1991). Even in situations where a different fact-finder judge has been assigned to render judgment from a trial record received before another judge, de novo review by the court of appeal has been deemed inappropriate. Shephard on behalf of Shephard v. Scheeler, supra.

In view of this jurisprudence, the de novo review requested by Fox is not the *787 correct standard. The matter will be reviewed under the manifest error standard.

Fox next argues that the WCJ erroneously determined that she made false statements which justified the forfeiture of benefits and denied her additional SEBs. In pertinent part, La. R.S. 23:1208 provides:

A. It shall be unlawful for any person, for the purpose of obtaining or defeating any benefit or payment under the provisions of this Chapter, either for himself or for any other person, to willfully make a false statement or representation.
* * *
D. In addition to the criminal penalties provided for in Subsection C of this Section, any person violating the provisions of this Section may be assessed civil penalties by the workers' compensation judge of not less than five hundred dollars nor more than five thousand dollars, and may be ordered to make restitution.

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Bluebook (online)
935 So. 2d 783, 2006 La. App. LEXIS 1445, 2006 WL 1767137, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/reynolds-industrial-contractors-v-fox-lactapp-2006.