Reid v. TEMPLE JUDEA

994 So. 2d 1146, 2008 WL 2356814
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedJune 11, 2008
Docket3D07-1367
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 994 So. 2d 1146 (Reid v. TEMPLE JUDEA) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Reid v. TEMPLE JUDEA, 994 So. 2d 1146, 2008 WL 2356814 (Fla. Ct. App. 2008).

Opinion

994 So.2d 1146 (2008)

Cecilia REID, as Trustee of the Edgar Sonder Trust, Appellant,
v.
TEMPLE JUDEA and Hebrew Union College Jewish Institute of Religion, Appellees.

No. 3D07-1367.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.

June 11, 2008.

Shutts & Bowen and William Jay Palmer, Miami, for appellant.

Bloom & Minsker and Kenneth Bloom; Arnaldo Velez, Coral Gables, for appellees.

Before WELLS, ROTHENBERG and SALTER, JJ.

WELLS, Judge.

Cecilia Reid, as trustee of the Edgar Sonder Trust, appeals from an order dismissing her petition to reform the trust for lack of standing. We reverse.

On May 17, 2000, Edgar Sonder executed a trust naming himself as trustee. By subsequent amendment, Cecilia Reid was *1147 named as sole successor trustee.[1] This trust, funded by assets "pouring over" from Sonder's estate, provided for a number of gifts following Sonder's death. Specifically, Article II, paragraph 1 of the trust as amended, titled "Pecuniary Gifts," provided for gifts totaling $31,000 to ten charities. Article II, paragraph 2 as amended, titled "Endowment Gift," provided that "[a]fter the gift listed in paragraph 1. directly above," $125,000 was to be paid to the Hebrew Union College Jewish Institute of Religion. Article II, paragraph 3 as amended, titled "Pecuniary Gifts to Individuals," provided that "[a]fter giving effect to the gifts in paragraphs 1. and 2. above," a number of specific gifts were to be made to enumerated individuals including a gift of $25,000 and the apartment in which Sonder then resided to Cecilia Reid:

After giving effect to the gifts in paragraphs 1. and 2. above, I hereby give and devise as follows:
a. Cecil[i]a Reid. I give to my nurse, CECIL[I]A REID, if she survives me, the sum of $25,000 and my apartment in which I currently reside, all the contents therein.[[2]]

On May 12, 2005, Sonder died. His will with codicils was admitted to probate, and Reid was appointed personal representative. Finding trust funds insufficient to pay all of the gifts provided for in trust Article II, paragraphs 1, 2, and 3, Reid moved to abate the enumerated pecuniary gifts proportionately. Reid also claimed that the apartment was a devise, not subject to abatement. The motion to abate was denied and affirmed by this Court in Reid v. Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion, 947 So.2d 1178 (Fla. 3d DCA 2007).

Thereafter, Reid, as sole trustee, petitioned to reform the trust claiming that the trust instrument did not evidence the settlor's intent which was to give his apartment to Reid not subject to abatement:

As established by the Affidavit of William Jay Palmer [the attorney who prepared the trust and its two amendments]... Edgar Sonder intended to devise as a specific gift, not subject to any priorities, the apartment and its contents to his nurse, Cecilia Reid.
The Court's holding that the combination of the gift of the apartment and its contents with the pecuniary gift in subparagraph a. of Paragraph 3 of Article II of the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement converted the gift to a general gift subject to abatement to pay the other general gifts designated in priority to Paragraph 3 of Article II violates the intent of Edgar Sonder due to the error of the scrivener....
WHEREFORE, Petitioner requests this Court to reform the provisions of paragraph 3.a. of Article II ... to provide that the gift of the apartment and its contents to Cecilia Reid is segregated to qualify as a specific gift not subject to abatement for the payment of any other gifts....

Reid appended to her petition Sonder's handwritten instructions to attorney Palmer, which she maintained supported her position.

Hebrew Union College (the Article II, paragraph 2 beneficiary) and Temple Judea (an Article II, paragraph 1 beneficiary) moved to dismiss, claiming (1) that Reid, as trustee, lacked standing because she was "not an `interested person,' but merely a volunteer and stakeholder in the Trust without any personal stake in the outcome"; (2) that Reid owed a fiduciary duty of loyalty to all beneficiaries to act *1148 impartially; and (3) that construction of the trust distribution provisions had already been argued and affirmed on appeal. They also moved to disqualify Reid's attorney, William Palmer, pointing to the fact that it was Palmer who had prepared the trust and its amendments for Sonder. On April 18, 2007, the trial court adopted the beneficiaries' argument and dismissed the case "For Lack of Standing"; the court denied the motion to disqualify. We agree with Reid that the trial court erred in concluding that she lacked the standing to proceed and reverse that part of the trial court's order.[3]

The question posed is whether, acting solely in her capacity as trustee, Reid has standing to bring the instant action for reformation of the trust, based on her claim that a mistake had occurred and that the trust as written did not reflect Sonder's intent. Our review of applicable case law and statutory authority, both in effect at the time of the petition, as well as subsequently enacted, and incorporated under the terms of the trust itself, confirm Reid's standing to proceed.

It has long been held that equity will reform an agreement so as to conform to the intent of the parties, when an agreement, which due to a mistake of the drafter, violates or fails to carry out the intention of the parties. Relief is given where, through a mistake of the scrivener, the instrument contains an error or fails to properly define the terms agreed to by the parties.

Davis v. Rex, 876 So.2d 609, 612 (Fla. 4th DCA 2004) (quoting Schroeder v. Gebhart, 825 So.2d 442, 445 (Fla. 5th DCA 2002)).

Thus, in In re Estate of Robinson, 720 So.2d 540, 543 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998), the Fourth District Court of Appeal, in a case of first impression, held "that a trust with testamentary aspects may be reformed after the death of the settlor for a unilateral drafting mistake so long as the reformation is not contrary to the interest of the settlor." See Schroeder, 825 So.2d at 445 (adopting the reasoning and holding of Robinson for the proposition that reformation of a trust after the death of the settlor will be allowed where consistent with general equitable principles); In re Estate of Huls, 732 So.2d 1206, 1207 (Fla. 2d DCA 1999) (citing Robinson for the proposition that a trust with testamentary aspects may be reformed after the death of the settlor for a unilateral drafting mistake where reformation is not contrary to the settlor's interest).

A trustee is generally obligated to follow the settlor's true intent and purposes in discharging his/her duties in managing the trust. Although Robinson and its progeny had no occasion to, and did not, address whether a trustee could seek to reform a trust, we conclude that as "an indispensable party in all proceedings affecting the estate," In re Estate of Stisser, 932 So.2d 400, 402 (Fla. 2d DCA 2006) (quoting First Nat'l Bank of Hollywood v. Broward Nat'l Bank of Fort Lauderdale, 265 So.2d 377, 378 (Fla. 4th DCA 1972)), a trustee clearly has standing to seek reformation.

This conclusion is supported by portions of the Probate Code existing at the time Reid's claim was dismissed, as well as by more recent amendments. Florida law has long recognized a trustee's standing to seek modification

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Related

Megiel-Rollo v. Megiel
162 So. 3d 1088 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 2015)
Reid v. Estate of Sonder
63 So. 3d 7 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 2011)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
994 So. 2d 1146, 2008 WL 2356814, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/reid-v-temple-judea-fladistctapp-2008.