Reeves v. Kijakazi

CourtDistrict Court, D. Alaska
DecidedMarch 28, 2022
Docket5:20-cv-00011
StatusUnknown

This text of Reeves v. Kijakazi (Reeves v. Kijakazi) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, D. Alaska primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Reeves v. Kijakazi, (D. Alaska 2022).

Opinion

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE DISTRICT OF ALASKA

RUBY ANN R.,1

Plaintiff, v.

KILOLO KIJAKAZI, Acting Commissioner, Soc. Sec. Admin., in official capacity,2 Case No. 5:20-cv-00011-SLG Defendant.

DECISION AND ORDER On or about August 24, 2018, Ruby Ann R. (“Plaintiff”) protectively filed applications for disability insurance benefits (“DIB”) and supplemental security income (“SSI”) under Titles II and XVI, respectively, of the Social Security Act (“the Act”),3 alleging disability beginning July 2, 2018.4 Plaintiff has exhausted her administrative remedies

1 Plaintiff’s name is partially redacted in compliance with Fed. R. Civ. P. 5.2(c)(2)(B) and the recommendation of the Committee on Court Administration and Case Management of the Judicial Conference of the United States. See Memorandum, Committee on Court Administration and Case Management of the Judicial Conference of the United States (May 1, 2018), https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/18-cv-l-suggestion_cacm_0.pdf. 2 Kilolo Kijakazi is now the Acting Commissioner of Social Security and is automatically substituted as a party pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 25(d). See also section 205(g) of the Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. 405(g) (action survives regardless of any change in the person occupying the office of Commissioner of Social Security). 3 Title II of the Social Security Act provides benefits to disabled individuals who are insured by virtue of working and paying Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) taxes for a certain amount of time. Title XVI of the Social Security Act is a needs-based program funded by general tax revenues designed to help disabled individuals who have low or no income. Plaintiff brought claims under Titles II and XVI. Although each program is governed by a separate set of regulations, the regulations governing disability determinations are substantially the same for both programs. Compare 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1501–1599 (governing disability determinations under Title II) with 20 C.F.R. §§ 416.901–999d (governing disability determinations under Title XVI). For convenience, the Court cites the regulations governing disability determinations under both titles. 4 Administrative Record (“A.R.”) 482. The application summaries, not the applications and filed a Complaint seeking relief from this Court.5 Plaintiff’s opening brief asks the Court to reverse and remand the agency’s decision for further administrative proceedings.6 The Commissioner filed an Answer and a Response Brief.7 Plaintiff filed a reply brief on July 14, 2021.8 Oral argument was not requested and was not necessary to the Court’s decision. This Court has jurisdiction to hear an appeal from a final decision

of the Commissioner of Social Security.9 For the reasons set forth below, Plaintiff’s request for relief is granted. I. STANDARD OF REVIEW A decision by the Commissioner to deny disability benefits will not be overturned unless it is either not supported by substantial evidence or is based upon legal error.10 “Substantial evidence” has been defined by the United States Supreme Court as “such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.”11 Such evidence must be “more than a mere scintilla,” but may be “less than

themselves, appear in the Court’s record. The application summary for DIB lists August 30, 2018, as the application date. A.R. 666. The application summary for SSI lists October 11, 2018, as the application date. A.R. 668. 5 Docket 1 (Plaintiff’s Compl.). 6 Docket 25 (Plaintiff’s Br.). 7 Docket 19 (Answer); Docket 31 (Defendant’s Br.). 8 Docket 32 (Reply). 9 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). 10 Matney ex rel. Matney v. Sullivan, 981 F.2d 1016, 1019 (9th Cir. 1992) (citing Gonzalez v. Sullivan, 914 F.2d 1197, 1200 (9th Cir. 1990)). 11 Richardson v. Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 401 (1971) (quoting Consol. Edison Co. of New York v.

Case No. 5:20-cv-00011-SLG Decision and Order Page 2 of 16 a preponderance.”12 In reviewing the agency’s determination, the Court considers the evidence in its entirety, weighing both the evidence that supports and that which detracts from the administrative law judge (“ALJ”)’s conclusion.13 If the evidence is susceptible to more than one rational interpretation, the ALJ’s conclusion must be upheld.14 An ALJ has a “special duty to fully and fairly develop the record and to assure that the claimant’s

interests are considered.”17 In particular, the Ninth Circuit has found that the ALJ’s duty to develop the record increases when the claimant is unrepresented or is mentally ill and thus unable to protect her own interests.18 II. DETERMINING DISABILITY The Social Security Act (“the Act”) provides for the payment of disability insurance to individuals who have contributed to the Social Security program and who suffer from a physical or mental disability.19 In addition, Supplemental Security Income (“SSI”) may be

NLRB, 305 U.S. 197, 229 (1938)). 12 Id.; Sorenson v. Weinberger, 514 F.2d 1112, 1119 n.10 (9th Cir. 1975). 13 Jones v. Heckler, 760 F.2d 993, 995 (9th Cir. 1985). 14 Gallant v. Heckler, 753 F.2d 1450, 1453 (9th Cir. 1984) (citing Rhinehart v. Finch, 438 F.2d 920, 921 (9th Cir. 1971)). 17 Smolen v. Chater, 80 F.3d 1273,1288 (9th Cir. 1996) (quoting Brown v. Heckler, 713 F.2d 441, 443 (9th Cir. 1983)); see also Garcia v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., 768 F.3d 925, 930 (9th Cir. 2014). 18 Tonapetyan v. Halter, 242 F.3d 1144, 1150 (9th Cir. 2001). 19 42 U.S.C. § 423(a).

Case No. 5:20-cv-00011-SLG Decision and Order Page 3 of 16 available to individuals who do not have insured status under the Act but who are age 65 or older, blind, or disabled.20 Disability is defined in the Act as follows: [I]nability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months.21

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