Rayford v. Willow Ridge Care & Rehabilitation Center, Inc.

988 So. 2d 904, 2008 La. App. LEXIS 1101, 2008 WL 3394662
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedAugust 13, 2008
DocketNo. 43,377-CA
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 988 So. 2d 904 (Rayford v. Willow Ridge Care & Rehabilitation Center, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Rayford v. Willow Ridge Care & Rehabilitation Center, Inc., 988 So. 2d 904, 2008 La. App. LEXIS 1101, 2008 WL 3394662 (La. Ct. App. 2008).

Opinion

LOLLEY, J.

| plaintiffs, Shirley Rayford and Jo Sheri Bob Rayford, appeal a judgment by the Second Judicial District Court, Parish of Bienville, State of Louisiana, regarding the amount of damages awarded them against the defendants, Arcadia Healthcare Center, Inc. and Care One Management Group, Inc. (collectively “Arcadia Healthcare”). In response, Arcadia Healthcare has filed an answer to the appeal. For the following reasons, we amend the trial court’s judgment and as amended, affirm.

Facts

Martha Bob Rayford was a patient/resident at Arcadia Healthcare Center, a nursing home in Arcadia, Louisiana, from 1998 until her death on October 11, 2004. Martha’s only two living relatives were her sister-in-law, Shirley, and Shirley’s only daughter (and Martha’s niece), Jo Sheri. On October 27, 2004, Shirley called Arcadia Healthcare to inform personnel there that she was going to visit Martha for Thanksgiving. Shirley lived in Arcadia but Jo Sheri had relocated to Houston, [906]*906Texas. It was in the course of that telephone call by Shirley that she was informed by nursing home personnel that there would be no holiday visit, because Martha had died sixteen days earlier, and she was already buried.

Shirley and Jo Sheri filed suit.1 The Rayfords sought specific damages for the costs to disinter, transport to the family grave site in Texas, and rebury Martha, along with general damages for mental anguish and emotional distress associated with the failure by Arcadia Healthcare to 12notify them of Martha’s death and burial. After a trial of the matter, the trial court entered judgment in favor of the Rayfords. Shirley Rayford and Jo Sheri Rayford each were awarded general damages in the amount of $2,500.00 for their mental anguish. Together, the Rayfords received special damages in the amount of $4,813.37 for the disinterment and reburial expense. The Rayfords appeal the judgment as it pertains to the award of general damages, but do not appeal the special damages award. Arcadia Healthcare answers the Rayfords’ appeal.

Discussion

On appeal, Shirley and Jo Sheri raise two assignments of error, both related to the amount of general damages they each individually received. Arcadia Healthcare has answered the Rayfords’ appeal, arguing that the trial court erred in determining a duty existed to the Rayfords to inform them of Martha Rayford’s death and burial and that its exceptions of no right/no cause of action and motions for summary judgment should have been granted.

Duty

This case addresses a possible tort committed by Arcadia Healthcare, for which we have no jurisprudence for guidance.2 However, despite a lack of judicial authority setting forth such a duty, we agree with the trial court that Arcadia Healthcare indeed had a duty to these particular plaintiffs, the only relatives of the deceased, Martha Rayford, to inform them of her death and burial. Further, in so determining, we conclude that the trial court was |snot in error in denying the exceptions and motions for summary judgment filed by Arcadia Healthcare.

A threshold issue in any negligence action is whether the defendant owed the plaintiff a duty. Whether a duty is owed is a question of law. Whether a legal duty is owed by one party to another depends on the facts and circumstances of the case and the relationship of the parties. Beck v. Schrum, 41,647 (La.App.2d Cir.11/01/06), 942 So.2d 669. The court may consider various moral, social, and economic factors, including the fairness of imposing liability; the economic impact on the defendant and on similarly situated parties; the need for an incentive to prevent future harm; the nature of defendant’s activity; the potential for an unmanageable flow of litigation; the historical development of precedent; and the direction in which society and its institutions are evolving. Century Ready Mix Corp. v. Boyte, 42,634 (La.App.2d Cir.10/24/07), 968 So.2d 893, citing Posecai v. Wal-Mart [907]*907Stores, Inc., 1999-1222 (La.11/30/99), 752 So.2d 762.

Initially, we note that the primary question before us is whether a duty existed by Arcadia Healthcare to inform Martha’s only living relatives of her death; however, we cannot help but wonder whether the more valid question in this case is, “How could there not be a duty to inform Martha’s only living relatives of her death?” Here, when we consider the unique facts and circumstances of this case to determine whether a duty existed, we naturally must give much weight to the moral and social factors involved. First of all, Arcadia Healthcare was operating from a position of ultimate power, authority and knowledge over its elderly (93-year-old) patient, |4Martha. Whereas Arcadia Healthcare took physical care of Martha in the later years of her life, it obviously showed little care or respect for her dignity and personal integrity at the end. It is evident that the existence of Martha’s relatives, especially Shirley, who lived in the same small town of Arcadia, was known by Arcadia Healthcare. Nonetheless, Arcadia Healthcare failed to contact Shirley or Jo Sheri Rayford upon Martha’s death — that is freely admitted. In fact, Arcadia Healthcare made no effort whatsoever to contact either of the plaintiffs — that again is freely admitted. Surely, Martha Ray-ford, a retired professional educator,' deserved to be treated with dignity upon her death and given the type of burial she most probably anticipated having upon her death. Moreover, her relatives, the people who loved her and cared for her as long as they possibly could, deserved to be notified of her passing. It would be implausible for us to imagine how a nursing home would not have a duty to inform a resident’s relatives of the death of their loved one. Notably, we do not believe that imposing such a duty upon a nursing home will result in an unmanageable flow of litigation in the future' — -frankly, because it is inconceivable that many nursing homes would fail in this regard. Imposing such a minimal, basic, and humane duty is not unduly burdensome on the nursing home industry.

Interestingly, Troy Unbehagan, who had been the administrator of the facility during some of the time Martha resided there, received a telephone call from Todd Ford, his successor, to inform him of Martha’s death and discuss Shirley Rayford. Of course, knowledge of that phone call raises the |Kquestion, “If Ford contacted his predecessor to inform him of Martha’s death, why didn’t he contact Shirley or Jo Sheri Rayford to notify them of Martha’s death?”

Finally, the fact that Martha was interdicted and legally under the care of the nursing home is of no significance on this issue. Martha’s interdiction was clearly only due to financial reasons. That purely legal relationship of interdiction did not extinguish the familial relationship and bond that existed between Martha and her only living relatives, Shirley and Jo Sheri. Whereas that legal relationship, the interdiction, ensured that Arcadia Healthcare would be paid for taking care of Martha during the last years of her life, it did not take the place of the emotional relationship and connection with Martha’s family. Because of that strong connection between Martha and her family, Shirley and Jo Sheri, we agree with the trial court that a duty existed by Arcadia Healthcare to these plaintiffs to notify them of their loved one’s death, which duty was .subsequently breached by Arcadia Healthcare.

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988 So. 2d 904, 2008 La. App. LEXIS 1101, 2008 WL 3394662, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/rayford-v-willow-ridge-care-rehabilitation-center-inc-lactapp-2008.