[Cite as Rathburn v. Watson, 2020-Ohio-5213.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT MONTGOMERY COUNTY
CHRISTINA RATHBURN : : Plaintiff-Appellant : Appellate Case No. 28700 : v. : Trial Court Case No. 2019-CV-6045 : GINA WATSON : (Civil Appeal from : Common Pleas Court) Defendant-Appellee : :
...........
OPINION
Rendered on the 6th day of November, 2020.
CHRISTINA RATHBURN, 3514 Mesmer Avenue, Dayton, Ohio 45410 Plaintiff-Appellant, Pro Se
GINA WATSON, 1654 Huffman Avenue, Dayton, Ohio 45403 Defendant-Appellee, Pro Se
.............
WELBAUM, J. -2-
{¶ 1} Appellant-petitioner, Christina Rathburn, appeals pro se from a judgment of
the Montgomery County Court of Common Pleas, which denied her petition for a civil
stalking protection order (“CSPO”) against appellee-respondent, Gina Watson. For the
reasons outlined below, the judgment of the trial court will be affirmed.
Facts and Course of Proceedings
{¶ 2} On December 19, 2019, Rathburn filed a petition for a CSPO against Watson.
The petition included a request for an emergency protection order. Following an ex parte
hearing, the trial court magistrate denied Rathburn’s request for an emergency protection
order and scheduled the matter for a full evidentiary hearing.
{¶ 3} On January 7, 2020, both parties appeared and testified at the full evidentiary
hearing. Following the hearing, the trial court made the following findings of fact:
[Rathburn] and [Watson] were former friends. The acrimony
between the parties stems from the purchase of a van that [Rathburn]
claims to have bought for [Watson] and [Watson] claims was gifted to her
by [Rathburn]. [Rathburn] states that on December 18, 2019, she was
taking the trash out when [Watson] drove by and yelled out the window, “I’m
going to kill you!” On December 12, 2019, [Rathburn] states that [Watson]
drove by and said, “Dumb bitch, I’m gonna kill you and your kids!” Prior to
this, [Watson] sent certified mail to [Rathburn’s] home but [Rathburn]
refused it.
[Watson] denies threatening [Rathburn] and denies driving by her
home. [Watson] blocked [Rathburn] from [Watson’s] Facebook page and -3-
[Rathburn] created a new page in order to reach [Watson]. [Watson] also
approached the parties’ children’s school about [Rathburn] harassing
[Watson] and now the parties must enter through different doors when
dropping off their children.
Judgment Entry, p. 3-4.
{¶ 4} Based on the aforementioned findings of fact, the magistrate issued a
decision denying Rathburn’s petition for a CSPO on grounds that Rathburn had failed to
establish the statutory requirements for obtaining a CSPO under R.C. 2903.211(A).
Specifically, the magistrate found that Rathburn had failed to establish that Watson
engaged in a pattern of conduct, i.e., two or more incidents, that would cause Rathburn
to reasonably fear physical harm. The magistrate’s decision was subsequently adopted
by the trial court judge.
{¶ 5} Rathburn now appeals from the trial court’s judgment adopting the
magistrate’s decision, and she raises one assignment of error for review.
Assignment of Error
{¶ 6} Under her sole assignment of error, Rathburn claims that she was denied a
fair hearing on her petition for a CSPO because she was not given the opportunity to call
any witnesses or to admit any of her unspecified documentary evidence. Rathburn also
claims that her testimony was, by itself, sufficient to obtain a CSPO because it satisfied
all the requirements under R.C 2903.211(A). Therefore, according to Rathburn, the trial
court erred in denying her petition for a CSPO.
{¶ 7} As a preliminary matter, we note that both parties are proceeding pro se in -4-
this appeal. “Litigants who choose to proceed pro se are presumed to know the law and
correct procedure, and are held to the same standards as other litigants.” (Citation
omitted.) Yocum v. Means, 2d Dist. Darke No. 1576, 2002-Ohio-3803, ¶ 20.
Unfortunately, we find that Rathburn failed to observe several procedural rules that affect
this court’s ability to review her claims.
(1) Rathburn Failed to File Objections to the Trial Court’s Adoption of the
Magistrate’s Decision
{¶ 8} “Pursuant to Civ.R. 65.1(G), a trial court’s decision to adopt a magistrate’s
decision that grants or denies a [CSPO] is a final, appealable order.” Florenz v. Omalley,
2020-Ohio-4487, __ N.E.3d __ ¶ 8 (2d Dist.). “However, as of July 1, 2016, the rule
requires a party to file timely objections to the trial court’s order prior to filing an appeal.”
Id., citing Civ.R. 65.1(G). “Written objections must be filed within 14 days of the filing of
the trial court’s order.” Id., citing Civ.R. 65.1(F)(3)(d)(i). “[A] party may not challenge
the protection order on appeal if objections were not filed.” (Citation omitted.) Id. at
¶ 10.
{¶ 9} Here, the record reflects that Rathburn failed to file objections to the trial
court’s adoption of the magistrate’s decision denying her petition for a CSPO. In the
absence of timely objections, Rathburn may not challenge the trial court’s decision on
appeal. See id. at ¶ 11.
(2) Rathburn Failed to File a Transcript of the Trial Court Proceedings
{¶ 10} Even if we were to consider Rathburn’s arguments on appeal, we would -5-
nevertheless find no basis to reverse the order denying Rathburn’s petition for a CSPO,
because Rathburn failed to provide a transcript of the full evidentiary hearing before the
magistrate as required by Civ.R. 65.1(F)(3)(d)(iv). See also App.R. 9(B). “In the
absence of a written transcript of the hearing, we have no record of the evidence
presented to the magistrate, and we cannot speculate what testimony was given at that
hearing.” Florenz at ¶ 15, citing Williams v. Foster, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 28416,
2019-Ohio-4601, ¶ 10 and Miller v. Tye, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 26277, 2015-Ohio-199,
¶ 9.
{¶ 11} Under these circumstances, we cannot say that the trial court’s decision to
deny the CSPO was erroneous. See Williamson v. Caldwell, 2d Dist. Montgomery No.
27621, 2018-Ohio-311, ¶ 10. “Rather, we must presume that the evidence supported
the magistrate’s findings.” Florenz at ¶ 15, citing Kahler v. Eytcheson, 2d Dist.
Montgomery No. 23523, 2012-Ohio-208, ¶ 34. Without a transcript, we also cannot
determine whether Rathburn was unjustly prevented from admitting her witness testimony
and documentary evidence. Therefore, we must “presume the validity of the lower
court’s proceedings, and affirm.” Knapp v. Edwards Laboratories, 61 Ohio St.2d 197,
199, 400 N.E.2d 384 (1980).
(3) Rathburn Improperly Raised a New Argument in her Reply Brief
{¶ 12} Rathburn filed a reply brief that raised a new argument claiming that her trial
counsel performed deficiently at the evidentiary hearing by failing to call her witnesses
and by failing to submit her documentary evidence. Appellants, however, are not
permitted to raise new arguments in a reply brief. Ameritech Publishing, Inc. v. Griffin, -6-
2d Dist. Clark No. 2009-CA-18, 2009-Ohio-5602, ¶ 13. “Reply briefs are merely
intended to be an opportunity to reply to the brief of the appellee.” (Citation omitted.)
Id. Therefore, this court generally does not consider arguments that are raised for the
first time in a reply brief.
Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI
[Cite as Rathburn v. Watson, 2020-Ohio-5213.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT MONTGOMERY COUNTY
CHRISTINA RATHBURN : : Plaintiff-Appellant : Appellate Case No. 28700 : v. : Trial Court Case No. 2019-CV-6045 : GINA WATSON : (Civil Appeal from : Common Pleas Court) Defendant-Appellee : :
...........
OPINION
Rendered on the 6th day of November, 2020.
CHRISTINA RATHBURN, 3514 Mesmer Avenue, Dayton, Ohio 45410 Plaintiff-Appellant, Pro Se
GINA WATSON, 1654 Huffman Avenue, Dayton, Ohio 45403 Defendant-Appellee, Pro Se
.............
WELBAUM, J. -2-
{¶ 1} Appellant-petitioner, Christina Rathburn, appeals pro se from a judgment of
the Montgomery County Court of Common Pleas, which denied her petition for a civil
stalking protection order (“CSPO”) against appellee-respondent, Gina Watson. For the
reasons outlined below, the judgment of the trial court will be affirmed.
Facts and Course of Proceedings
{¶ 2} On December 19, 2019, Rathburn filed a petition for a CSPO against Watson.
The petition included a request for an emergency protection order. Following an ex parte
hearing, the trial court magistrate denied Rathburn’s request for an emergency protection
order and scheduled the matter for a full evidentiary hearing.
{¶ 3} On January 7, 2020, both parties appeared and testified at the full evidentiary
hearing. Following the hearing, the trial court made the following findings of fact:
[Rathburn] and [Watson] were former friends. The acrimony
between the parties stems from the purchase of a van that [Rathburn]
claims to have bought for [Watson] and [Watson] claims was gifted to her
by [Rathburn]. [Rathburn] states that on December 18, 2019, she was
taking the trash out when [Watson] drove by and yelled out the window, “I’m
going to kill you!” On December 12, 2019, [Rathburn] states that [Watson]
drove by and said, “Dumb bitch, I’m gonna kill you and your kids!” Prior to
this, [Watson] sent certified mail to [Rathburn’s] home but [Rathburn]
refused it.
[Watson] denies threatening [Rathburn] and denies driving by her
home. [Watson] blocked [Rathburn] from [Watson’s] Facebook page and -3-
[Rathburn] created a new page in order to reach [Watson]. [Watson] also
approached the parties’ children’s school about [Rathburn] harassing
[Watson] and now the parties must enter through different doors when
dropping off their children.
Judgment Entry, p. 3-4.
{¶ 4} Based on the aforementioned findings of fact, the magistrate issued a
decision denying Rathburn’s petition for a CSPO on grounds that Rathburn had failed to
establish the statutory requirements for obtaining a CSPO under R.C. 2903.211(A).
Specifically, the magistrate found that Rathburn had failed to establish that Watson
engaged in a pattern of conduct, i.e., two or more incidents, that would cause Rathburn
to reasonably fear physical harm. The magistrate’s decision was subsequently adopted
by the trial court judge.
{¶ 5} Rathburn now appeals from the trial court’s judgment adopting the
magistrate’s decision, and she raises one assignment of error for review.
Assignment of Error
{¶ 6} Under her sole assignment of error, Rathburn claims that she was denied a
fair hearing on her petition for a CSPO because she was not given the opportunity to call
any witnesses or to admit any of her unspecified documentary evidence. Rathburn also
claims that her testimony was, by itself, sufficient to obtain a CSPO because it satisfied
all the requirements under R.C 2903.211(A). Therefore, according to Rathburn, the trial
court erred in denying her petition for a CSPO.
{¶ 7} As a preliminary matter, we note that both parties are proceeding pro se in -4-
this appeal. “Litigants who choose to proceed pro se are presumed to know the law and
correct procedure, and are held to the same standards as other litigants.” (Citation
omitted.) Yocum v. Means, 2d Dist. Darke No. 1576, 2002-Ohio-3803, ¶ 20.
Unfortunately, we find that Rathburn failed to observe several procedural rules that affect
this court’s ability to review her claims.
(1) Rathburn Failed to File Objections to the Trial Court’s Adoption of the
Magistrate’s Decision
{¶ 8} “Pursuant to Civ.R. 65.1(G), a trial court’s decision to adopt a magistrate’s
decision that grants or denies a [CSPO] is a final, appealable order.” Florenz v. Omalley,
2020-Ohio-4487, __ N.E.3d __ ¶ 8 (2d Dist.). “However, as of July 1, 2016, the rule
requires a party to file timely objections to the trial court’s order prior to filing an appeal.”
Id., citing Civ.R. 65.1(G). “Written objections must be filed within 14 days of the filing of
the trial court’s order.” Id., citing Civ.R. 65.1(F)(3)(d)(i). “[A] party may not challenge
the protection order on appeal if objections were not filed.” (Citation omitted.) Id. at
¶ 10.
{¶ 9} Here, the record reflects that Rathburn failed to file objections to the trial
court’s adoption of the magistrate’s decision denying her petition for a CSPO. In the
absence of timely objections, Rathburn may not challenge the trial court’s decision on
appeal. See id. at ¶ 11.
(2) Rathburn Failed to File a Transcript of the Trial Court Proceedings
{¶ 10} Even if we were to consider Rathburn’s arguments on appeal, we would -5-
nevertheless find no basis to reverse the order denying Rathburn’s petition for a CSPO,
because Rathburn failed to provide a transcript of the full evidentiary hearing before the
magistrate as required by Civ.R. 65.1(F)(3)(d)(iv). See also App.R. 9(B). “In the
absence of a written transcript of the hearing, we have no record of the evidence
presented to the magistrate, and we cannot speculate what testimony was given at that
hearing.” Florenz at ¶ 15, citing Williams v. Foster, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 28416,
2019-Ohio-4601, ¶ 10 and Miller v. Tye, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 26277, 2015-Ohio-199,
¶ 9.
{¶ 11} Under these circumstances, we cannot say that the trial court’s decision to
deny the CSPO was erroneous. See Williamson v. Caldwell, 2d Dist. Montgomery No.
27621, 2018-Ohio-311, ¶ 10. “Rather, we must presume that the evidence supported
the magistrate’s findings.” Florenz at ¶ 15, citing Kahler v. Eytcheson, 2d Dist.
Montgomery No. 23523, 2012-Ohio-208, ¶ 34. Without a transcript, we also cannot
determine whether Rathburn was unjustly prevented from admitting her witness testimony
and documentary evidence. Therefore, we must “presume the validity of the lower
court’s proceedings, and affirm.” Knapp v. Edwards Laboratories, 61 Ohio St.2d 197,
199, 400 N.E.2d 384 (1980).
(3) Rathburn Improperly Raised a New Argument in her Reply Brief
{¶ 12} Rathburn filed a reply brief that raised a new argument claiming that her trial
counsel performed deficiently at the evidentiary hearing by failing to call her witnesses
and by failing to submit her documentary evidence. Appellants, however, are not
permitted to raise new arguments in a reply brief. Ameritech Publishing, Inc. v. Griffin, -6-
2d Dist. Clark No. 2009-CA-18, 2009-Ohio-5602, ¶ 13. “Reply briefs are merely
intended to be an opportunity to reply to the brief of the appellee.” (Citation omitted.)
Id. Therefore, this court generally does not consider arguments that are raised for the
first time in a reply brief. See Hoskins v. Simones, 173 Ohio App.3d 186, 2007-Ohio-
4084, 877 N.E.2d 1008, ¶ 38 (2d Dist.); Griffin at ¶ 13.
{¶ 13} Nevertheless, even if it were appropriate for this court to consider
Rathburn’s new argument, which we construe as an ineffective assistance of counsel
claim, the argument fails because a petition for a CSPO is civil in nature, not criminal.
Luttrell v. Younce, 2d Dist. Miami No. 09-CA-45, 2011-Ohio-4458, ¶ 29, citing In re D.L.,
189 Ohio App.3d 154, 2010-Ohio-1888, 937 N.E.2d 1042, ¶ 20 (6th Dist.). Since
proceedings involving the determination of whether to grant a CSPO are civil, there is no
attendant right to counsel. Id.; Zawrotuk v. Zawrotuk, 7th Dist. Mahoning No. 14 MA 13,
2014-Ohio-5225, ¶ 49; Kohus v. Daly, 12th Dist. Clermont No. CA2015-05-042, 2016-
Ohio-73, ¶ 14. Consequently, Rathburn was not entitled to counsel as a matter of right
at the full hearing on her petition for a CSPO. See Luttrell at ¶ 30. “Where there is no
right to counsel, there can be no reversal based upon allegations of ineffective assistance
of counsel.” In re Guardianship of Florkey, 4th Dist. Highland No. 07CA22, 2008-Ohio-
4994, ¶ 20, citing Perkins v. Breeding, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 94APE11-1605, 1995 WL
390928, *3 (June 29, 1995).
{¶ 14} For all the foregoing reasons, Rathburn’s sole assignment of error is
overruled.
Conclusion -7-
{¶ 15} Having overruled Rathburn’s assignment of error, the judgment of the trial
court is affirmed.
DONOVAN, J. and FROELICH, J., concur.
Copies sent to:
Christina Rathburn Gina Watson Hon. Steven K. Dankof