Randell v. State

770 S.W.2d 644, 1989 Tex. App. LEXIS 1383, 1989 WL 52199
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedMay 17, 1989
Docket07-88-0250-CR
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 770 S.W.2d 644 (Randell v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Randell v. State, 770 S.W.2d 644, 1989 Tex. App. LEXIS 1383, 1989 WL 52199 (Tex. Ct. App. 1989).

Opinion

POFF, Justice.

A jury convicted appellant Ricky Randell of burglary, Tex.Penal Code Ann. § 30.01 (Vernon 1989), enhanced by a prior felony conviction. The jury assessed punishment at thirty years confinement in the Texas Department of Corrections. In three points of error, Randell contends that the trial court erred by (1) permitting argument by the State that invited the jury to consider the effect of the parole laws in assessing punishment; (2) failing to disqualify the Hale County District Attorney’s Office from representing the State; and (3) permitting jury argument by the State concerning matters outside the record. For the reasons that follow, we will overrule Randell’s points of error and affirm the judgment of the trial court.

In his first point of error, Randell contends that the trial court erred in permitting argument by the State that invited the jury to consider the effect of the parole laws in assessing punishment. The argument complained of was as follows:

[Prosecutor]: I told you on voir dire yesterday that the State had charged Ricky Randell with a first degree felony, and I believe that’s what we have proven to you this morning, that he had previously been convicted of the same crime of which you found him guilty, burglary of a building, back on March the 2nd, 1987. And he got 10 years in the Texas Department of Corrections. That’s what *646 it states right here in this evidence in front of you.
On this page it says, “Volume 45, Page 760”, in the State’s Exhibit No. 1, here went down to Texas Department of Corrections for 10 years for burglary of a building on March the 2nd, 1987.
I submit to you we have proven that he was convicted beyond a reasonable doubt in Cause No. B-9269 as alleged in the second paragraph of the indictment, and we have proven that enhancement allegation, and the State has proven to you that this criminal defendant sitting over here in this chair, is a repeat offender for the same crime that you convicted him of, and he did it almost within a year from the time he was convicted in B-9269. He is right back on your street.
[Defense counsel]: Your Honor, we are going to object to this line of testimony — parole—referring to parole law which is not allowed.
[Prosecutor]: I’m arguing the facts proved right here, Your Honor.
[Defense counsel]: Your Honor, he’s alluding—
The Court: I’ll overrule your objection.
Be careful in your argument counsel. You may proceed.

The permissible areas of jury argument are: (1) summation of the evidence; (2) reasonable deduction from the evidence; (3) answer to argument of opposing counsel, and (4) plea for law enforcement. Alejandro v. State, 493 S.W.2d 230 (Tex.Crim. App.1973). Improper argument is not reversible unless, in light of the record as a whole, the argument is manifestly improper, violative of a mandatory statute, or injects new facts harmful to the accused. Franklin v. State, 693 S.W.2d 420, 429 (Tex.Crim.App.1985).

From a reading of the “pen packet,” the jury could have easily ascertained that Randell had not served the full ten-year sentence from his previous conviction. See Franklin v. State, 606 S.W.2d 818, 830 (Tex.Crim.App.1979). The State made no mention of the parole laws and injected no new facts into the record. The State’s argument was (1) a summation of the evidence, Stephen v. State, 677 S.W.2d 42, 45 (Tex.Crim.App.1984); (2) a reasonable deduction from the evidence, Todd v. State, 598 S.W.2d 286, 297 (Tex.Crim.App. [Panel Op.] 1980); and (3) a plea for assessment of a longer sentence than was previously assessed, i.e., a plea for law enforcement, Harrell v. State, 643 S.W.2d 686, 690-91 (Tex.Crim.App. [Panel Op.] 1983). We also observe that Randell received a thirty-year sentence rather than the fifty-year sentence urged by the State. The State’s argument fell within the permissible areas of jury argument and did not invite the jury to consider the effect of the parole laws. Randell’s first point of error is overruled.

Because it also involves jury argument, we will next consider Randell’s third point of error. In his third point, Randell complains of the following jury argument at the punishment phase of trial:

[Prosecutor]: You know, Ladies and Gentlemen, I’m asking you to be tough today. And ordinarily, a jury’s job when they assess punishment is a hard job. You know, it’s not that easy to be on a jury, I admit to you, but your job is not that hard today. I submit to you because of this State’s exhibit here, this previous conviction. Take that back with you and look at it in the jury room. You are entitled to take the exhibit back with you to the jury room.
You read all the time in the newspapers that says—
[Defense counsel]: Your Honor, we are going to object to him testifying as to him trying to show evidence that’s not in here regarding newspapers.
The Court: I’ll overrule your objection. You may proceed.
[Prosecutor]: Thank you, Your Honor.
You read, well, jury did this or prosecutor did this. You know, why did they do that? You know, there’s not an explanation. Well, you’re the “they” now. You’re that jury. When you come up here and sit in these 12 chairs, you are performing an important function for the simple fact that you’re the conscience of the community. You were those 12 citi *647 zens that were — came into this task and set standards, (emphasis added)

The Court of Criminal Appeals has approved a similar jury argument as a proper plea for law enforcement, not resting “upon such an allusion of fact outside the record as to call for reversal.” Minafee v. State, 482 S.W.2d 273, 276 (Tex.Crim.App.1972); see also Huff v. State, 660 S.W.2d 635 (Tex.App.—Corpus Christi 1983, pet. ref’d). The State’s reference to what the jury might have read in the newspapers was broad and generic — “jury did this or prosecutor did this” — and did not inject any new facts harmful to the accused. Randell's third point of error is overruled.

In his second point of error, Randell contends that the trial court erred in failing to disqualify the Hale County District Attorney’s Office from representing the State.

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Bluebook (online)
770 S.W.2d 644, 1989 Tex. App. LEXIS 1383, 1989 WL 52199, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/randell-v-state-texapp-1989.