Rags, Inc. v. Thoroughbred Motor Cars, Inc.

769 S.W.2d 493, 1988 Tenn. App. LEXIS 757
CourtCourt of Appeals of Tennessee
DecidedNovember 30, 1988
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 769 S.W.2d 493 (Rags, Inc. v. Thoroughbred Motor Cars, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Tennessee primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Rags, Inc. v. Thoroughbred Motor Cars, Inc., 769 S.W.2d 493, 1988 Tenn. App. LEXIS 757 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1988).

Opinion

OPINION

CANTRELL, Judge.

This appeal concerns the extent of a surety’s liability on a bond posted in conjunction with a writ of possession. The chancellor authorized execution against the surety for all damages awarded against its principal on a counterclaim and third-party complaint for damages filed by the car dealer against whom the writ of possession was issued. The surety appealed.

[494]*494Plaintiff Rags, Inc. bought a car from defendant-appellee Thoroughbred Motor Cars, Inc. for $58,000. Thoroughbred agreed to give Rags $32,000 in credit for a trade-in car. Before Thoroughbred’s acceptance of the trade-in, the president of Rags signed a statement certifying the accuracy of the odometer reading on the trade-in vehicle. On January 23, 1984, Thoroughbred delivered the new car to Rags.

Thoroughbred sold the trade-in car. Soon after, Thoroughbred and the purchaser learned that the car’s odometer reading was inaccurate. As a result, the purchaser rescinded his contract to buy the car from Thoroughbred.

On February 23, 1984, Rags brought its new car back to Thoroughbred for some warranty work. Thoroughbred refused to return the car to Rags unless Rags agreed to compensate Thoroughbred for the damages caused by the alleged fraudulent odometer statement.

On March 21, 1984, Rags filed suit against Thoroughbred and two Thoroughbred employees for the return of money paid for undelivered equipment, an injunction, a declaratory judgment, a writ of possession pursuant to Tenn.Code Ann. § 29-30-106(1)(B)(i) (1980) and compensatory and punitive damages. (The complaint was later amended to include claims for the recovery of part of the purchase price and for damages allegedly caused by the defendants’ removal of certain equipment from the car.) After Rags posted a bond, with the appellant’s predecessor as surety, a writ of possession was issued for the return of the car to Rags. Thoroughbred returned the car. By an agreed order, Thoroughbred waived a preliminary posses-sory hearing since Rags had posted a bond.

In their answer, the defendants raised a number of defenses, including fraud. The defendants generally denied Rags’s allegation that the defendants had no claim to the car and that their retention of the car amounted to conversion. Thoroughbred also filed a counterclaim and a third-party complaint against the president of Rags pursuant to Tenn.Code Ann. § 47-18-109(a) (1984) (current version at Tenn.Code Ann. § 47-18-109(a) (1988)) and 15 U.S.C. § 1989(a)(1) (1982) for willful certification of inaccurate odometer mileage. On motion of the third-party defendant, the court dismissed the cause of action against the president of Rags for the alleged violation of Tenn.Code Ann. § 47-18-109(a). The counterclaim and third-party complaint were later amended to request compensatory and punitive damages for alleged breach of contract and fraud in connection with an attempted settlement.

On October 20, 1986, the court granted appellant’s motion for counter security. The basis of the motion was Rags’s lack of diligence in pursuing the lawsuit, failure to pay a renewal premium on the bond, and failure to provide the surety with adequate security.

After a trial, the chancellor dismissed with prejudice Rags’s complaint and awarded Thoroughbred a judgment against Rags and its president, jointly and severally, on the counterclaim and third-party complaint. The total amount of the judgment was $29,-738.21, which represented a trebling (pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 1989) of the actual damages of $4,437.00, plus $8,927.21 in attorney’s fees and $7,500.00 in punitive damages. The chancellor further authorized Thoroughbred to apply for execution and/or garnishment against the surety, appellant National Bond and Surety Corporation.

The surety filed a motion to alter or amend the judgment to limit its liability to' the amount of actual damages. The chancellor denied the motion and the surety appealed.

The only issue on appeal is whether the surety should be liable for the judgment entered below. The surety argues that the chancellor erred in holding the surety liable because the issue of Rags’s right to possession of the car was not contested. Thoroughbred contends that possession was contested and, citing general suretyship principles, argues that the chancellor’s decision was correct.

[495]*495The logical place to begin in determining the extent of a surety’s liability is the surety bond. Rags, with the appellant as surety, posted a bond in the amount of $58,000. The key terms of the bond are as follows:

The Condition of the above Obligation is such, That whereas, the said Rags, Inc. hath ... prayed for and obtained ... a Writ of Possession of a certain 1988 Ferrari ...:
Now, if the said Rags, Inc. shall prosecute the said suit with effect or in the case of failure therein, it shall well and truly pay and satisfy all such debts, costs and damages which the said Thoroughbred Motor Cars, Inc. or either of them may recover against the said _ [blank] in any suit or suits which may hereafter be brought for wrongfully suing out said Writ of Possession and shall moreover abide by and perform such orders and decrees as the Court may make in this cause, and pay such costs and damages as the Court may order, then the above obligation to be void....

(emphasis added).

The terms of the bond indicate that the surety’s obligation is limited to paying Thoroughbred’s recovery for Rags’s wrongful suing out of the writ of possession. The surety obligated itself to pay Thoroughbred’s damages and costs in the event that a court later found that Thoroughbred was entitled to the car. The amount of the bond coincides with the cost of the car because the car is the protected item. The language following the section underlined in the above quotation from the bond merely clarifies the surety’s obligation to follow all court orders pertaining to a suit for wrongfully suing out the writ.

Contrary to Thoroughbred’s contention, the surety’s motion for counter security does not indicate that the bond covers more than costs and damages due to wrongfully suing out a writ of possession. Due to Rags’s lack of diligence in pursuing its suit and failure to protect the surety’s interests, the surety simply wanted to protect itself.

Based on the bond’s terms and the purpose for which it was posted, we conclude that the bond is a possession bond, not a general litigation bond.

Tenn.Code Ann. §§ 29-30-101—29-30-111 (1980) govern actions to recover personal property. These provisions were enacted in 1973 after the former replevin statute was declared unconstitutional to the extent that it allowed deprivations of property without the right to a prior hearing. See Mitchell v. Tennessee,

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
769 S.W.2d 493, 1988 Tenn. App. LEXIS 757, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/rags-inc-v-thoroughbred-motor-cars-inc-tennctapp-1988.