Rafferty v. State

799 So. 2d 243, 2001 WL 863571
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedAugust 1, 2001
Docket2D00-462
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 799 So. 2d 243 (Rafferty v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Rafferty v. State, 799 So. 2d 243, 2001 WL 863571 (Fla. Ct. App. 2001).

Opinion

799 So.2d 243 (2001)

Cornelius G. RAFFERTY, Appellant/Cross-Appellee,
v.
STATE of Florida, Appellee/Cross-Appellant.

No. 2D00-462.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.

August 1, 2001.
Rehearing Denied October 4, 2001.

*244 James Marion Moorman, Public Defender, and Dea Abramschmitt, Special Assistant Public Defender (withdrew after briefing), and Robert D. Rosen (substituted as counsel of record), Assistant Public Defender, Bartow, for Appellant/Cross-Appellee.

Robert A. Butterworth, Attorney General, Tallahassee, and Susan D. Dunlevy, Assistant Attorney General, Tampa, for Appellee/Cross-Appellant.

PARKER, Acting Chief Judge.

Cornelius G. Rafferty appeals his judgments and sentences for DUI manslaughter and DUI serious bodily injury. We find merit in two of the issues Rafferty raises and conclude that the trial court erred in (1) denying Rafferty's motion to suppress his statements to law enforcement officers, and (2) granting the State statutory presumptions of admissibility of the blood alcohol test results and impairment. The resolution of these two issues renders the State's cross-appeal of Rafferty's downward departure sentence moot.

On August 5, 1997, Rafferty was driving a sports utility vehicle on Interstate 75 in Lee County. He lost control of the vehicle, and it overturned killing his six-yearold son and leaving his fiancée, who was also the mother of his children, a paraplegic. Rafferty's older son survived the accident. Paramedics, police, and the fire department arrived on the scene beginning at about 7:30 p.m. Rafferty was taken to the hospital and treated for a broken clavicle, a compression fracture of his spine, and lacerations requiring stitches to his face, head, and ear. Florida Highway Patrol (FHP) Trooper Manuel Smyrnios smelled the odor of alcohol coming from Rafferty and requested a blood draw some time between 9:25 p.m. and 11 p.m. At approximately 1 a.m., FHP Trooper James McPherson advised Rafferty of his Miranda[1] rights and conducted a taped interview of Rafferty in a hospital room with FHP Trooper Linda Ann Powell. Rafferty told the police that he had been driving about sixty or sixty-five miles per hour, that it was heavily raining, and that he was in the far right-hand lane just prior to the accident. He said that he drank about two, possibly three, beers that night.

The State subsequently charged Rafferty with DUI manslaughter and DUI serious bodily injury. Rafferty filed a motion to suppress challenging the admission of his taped statement to law enforcement officers and a motion to dismiss for speedy trial violation. The trial court denied the motions, and the case proceeded to a jury trial. Just prior to trial, Rafferty filed a motion in limine challenging the admissibility *245 of the blood alcohol test results. The trial court denied the motion, and defense counsel objected at trial to both the admission of the test results and the jury instruction regarding a presumption of impairment which flowed from the test results. The Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE) crime laboratory analyst testified that the results of the blood alcohol test indicated that Rafferty had a blood alcohol level between .08 and .15 at the time of the accident. The blood alcohol level at the time of testing was .10. Rafferty's expert testified that Rafferty's blood alcohol level at the time of the accident was impossible to determine because the blood samples may have been exposed to heat for an extended time before testing. Both experts agreed that exposure to heat over time could cause the blood sugars to convert to alcohol and raise the level of blood alcohol in the samples.

The jury found Rafferty guilty as charged, and the trial court entered a downward departure sentence of sixty months' incarceration on each count, to run concurrently. Rafferty raises three issues on appeal: (1) the denial of Rafferty's motion to suppress; (2) the admissibility of the blood alcohol test results and the propriety of the jury instructions regarding the presumption of impairment; and (3) the denial of Rafferty's motion to dismiss for speedy trial violation. The State filed a cross-appeal challenging the downward departure sentence. We affirm the denial of Rafferty's motion to dismiss without discussion. However, we find merit in the other two issues Rafferty raises. Accordingly, we reverse and remand for a new trial.

In his motion to suppress, Rafferty argued that his statements should be suppressed because he unequivocally requested an attorney and the police did not stop the interrogation but continued questioning him. The taped statement begins with FHP Trooper McPherson advising Rafferty of his rights:

MCPHERSON [reading to Rafferty]: Knowing what my rights are, I hereby, prior to being interviewed, waive my rights to consult with a lawyer or to have him present during this interview. I do hereby affix—affix my signature accordingly.
Can you sign or do you just want me to go ahead and do you want to go ahead and—
RAFFERTY: I need a lawyer.
MCPHERSON: You need to get a lawyer?
RAFFERTY: I guess, I don't know.
MCPHERSON: Okay.
RAFFERTY: I'll answer the questions.
POWELL: Do you want a lawyer?
MCPHERSON: Do you want a lawyer?
RAFFERTY: I'll answer the questions.
MCPHERSON: You gonna answer— okay. You're gonna answer the questions here?
RAFFERTY: Yeah.
MCPHERSON: Okay. Can you sign here?
POWELL: Just scribble, it doesn't even have to be legible.
MCPHERSON: Yeah. Can you see that?
RAFFERTY: Where it says you have a right to an attorney?
MCPHERSON: Yeah.
RAFFERTY: I want—I want (inaudible).
MCPHERSON: You want an attorney?
RAFFERTY: Yeah.
*246 MCPHERSON: So you don't want to answer the questions.
RAFFERTY: I won't be answering the questions then.
POWELL: Do you want an attorney present now, this is what he's asking?
RAFFERTY: I don't think so.
MCPHERSON: Okay.
POWELL: So you do want to answer questions at this time?
RAFFERTY: Yeah.
MCPHERSON: You want to answer questions at this time?
RAFFERTY: Yeah.

It is well-settled that when a suspect makes an unequivocal request for an attorney during interrogation after he has waived his rights, all questioning must stop until an attorney is present. Davis v. United States, 512 U.S. 452, 114 S.Ct. 2350, 129 L.Ed.2d 362 (1994); State v. Owen, 696 So.2d 715 (Fla.1997). After he told the FHP trooper "I'll answer the questions," Rafferty made an unequivocal request for an attorney by answering yes when the trooper asked whether he wanted an attorney. Rafferty's subsequent statement "I won't be answering the questions then" clarified his intent to invoke his right to an attorney. There was nothing that needed to be further clarified, and the questioning should have ceased until an attorney was present.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
799 So. 2d 243, 2001 WL 863571, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/rafferty-v-state-fladistctapp-2001.