Qad.Inc. v. ALN Associates, Inc.

132 F.R.D. 492, 1990 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4395, 1990 WL 157778
CourtDistrict Court, N.D. Illinois
DecidedApril 2, 1990
DocketNo. 88 C 2246
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 132 F.R.D. 492 (Qad.Inc. v. ALN Associates, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, N.D. Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Qad.Inc. v. ALN Associates, Inc., 132 F.R.D. 492, 1990 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4395, 1990 WL 157778 (N.D. Ill. 1990).

Opinion

[493]*493MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER

SHADUR, District Judge.

qad.inc and its principals Karl and Pamela Lopker (collectively “qad”) and their lead counsel Edward Langs, Esq. (“Langs”) have moved for a protective order to preclude the taking of Langs’ deposition by defendant ALN Associates, Inc. and its principals Sally and Mike Allen (collectively “ALN”) under Fed.R.Civ.P. (“Rule”) 26(c). For the reasons stated in this memorandum opinion and order, qad’s motion is denied.

Initially qad’s motion was triggered in part by its legitimate concerns stemming from the unlimited scope of the deposition subpoena that had been served on Langs. Unfortunately it was also based in part on some impermissible considerations—the combative spirit that has marked every phase of this litigation from the outset, plus a generalized sense of inconvenience to Langs.

When the first of those factors (that relating to scope) was properly explained away by ALN’s response to qad’s motion, qad should have subsided by withdrawing its motion. It did not, and this Court has accordingly been called upon to rule. Because qad’s motion reflects a kind of misperception as to the general impermissibility of any discovery targeting lawyers, this Court’s oral bench ruling is being converted to written form to provide a public correction of a point of view that may be commonly held.

Everyone suffers inconvenience when his or her deposition is taken. Embroilment in litigation is time consuming. It is expensive for those who are even tangentially touched by it. All those considerations are independent of the identity of the witness who may be confronted with a deposition subpoena.

There are also some special reasons for discouraging any widespread tendency to target lawyers as the subjects of discovery, particularly where those lawyers are acting as counsel in the underlying litigation. For one thing, the resulting application of relevant ethical principles may be disruptive of the litigation itself. ABA Code of Professional Responsibility (“Code”) DR 5-101(B) and 5-102 may force disqualification of a lawyer-witness:

DR 5-101(B) A lawyer shall not accept employment in contemplated or pending litigation if he knows or it is obvious that he or a lawyer in his firm ought to be called as a witness, except that he may undertake the employment and he or a lawyer in his firm may testify:
(1) If the testimony will relate solely to an uncontested matter.
(2) If the testimony will relate solely to a matter of formality and there is no reason to believe that substantial evidence will be offered in opposition to the testimony.
(3) If the testimony will relate solely to the nature and value of legal services rendered in the case by the lawyer or his firm to the client.
(4) As to any matter, if refusal would work a substantial hardship on the client because of the distinctive value of the lawyer or his firm as counsel in the particular case.
DR 5-102(A) If, after undertaking employment in contemplated or pending litigation, a lawyer learns or it is obvious that he or a lawyer in his firm ought to be called as a witness on behalf of his client, he shall withdraw from the conduct of the trial and his firm, if any, shall not continue representation in the trial, except that he may continue the representation and he or a lawyer in his firm may testify in the circumstances enumerated in DR 5-101(B)(l) through (4).
DR 5-102(B) If, after undertaking employment in contemplated or pending litigation, a lawyer learns or it is obvious that he or a lawyer in his firm may be called as a witness other than on behalf of his client, he may continue the representation until it is apparent that his testimony is or may be prejudicial to his client.

That concept has been carried forward with some corrective modifications into Rule 3.7 of the proposed Model Rules of Profession[494]*494al Conduct (not yet in effect in this District Court,1 though recently approved by the Illinois Supreme Court to take effect for Illinois practitioners August 1, 1990).

Even apart from that possibility of lawyer disqualification, the taking of a lawyer’s deposition poses the potential for invasion of client confidences and secrets (things that are insulated from disclosure both by the attorney-client privilege and by Code DR 4-101 and proposed Model Rule 1.6) and also for invasion of lawyer thought processes (which are insulated from disclosure by the work-product rule). But it is a mistake to translate those entirely legitimate needs for the protection of lawyer-client privileged communications and of lawyers’ privileged thought processes into a kind of global protection of lawyers as a privileged class. Privileged documents do not equate to privileged classes of people.

Just the night before this opinion was announced orally, this Court received the slip opinion of our Court of Appeals issued March 27 in In re Grand Jury Proceeding, 898 F.2d 565 (7th Cir.1990), in which that court upheld as privileged the identity of clients who had paid cash fees in the context of criminal case representation. In the course of that decision the Court of Appeals said (id. at 567 (citations omitted)):

The underlying theory of the attorney-client privilege is based on the premise “that encouraging clients to make fullest disclosure to their attorneys enables the latter to act more effectively, justly, and expeditiously, and that these benefits outweigh the risks posed by barring full revelation in court”____ Because “the privilege has the effect of withholding relevant information from the factfinder, it applies only where necessary to achieve its purpose.” .. .The attorney-client relationship itself does not create a “cloak of protection draped around all occurrences and conversations which have any bearing, direct or indirect, upon the relationship of the attorney with his client.” ... Rather, the privilege protects only confidential communications by a client to an attorney made in order to obtain informed legal assistance.

To translate those generalized principles into the specifics of qad’s current motion, it has already been said that when that motion was originally filed it partially reflected a quite legitimate concern in the areas just discussed: It was responsive to what appeared on its face to be a deposition subpoena, directed to qad’s lead counsel Langs, that was both unconditional and unlimited in scope. But ALN’s response to the motion immediately confirmed that it was seeking to discover through Mr. Langs only such communications as were clearly and by definition not privileged—all made to third parties. Nor were any work product considerations implicated in what ALN was looking for.

That being so, it bears repeating that qad should simply have (to paraphrase Longfellow’s The Day Is Done, stanza 11) “folded its legal tent and silently stolen away.” Instead qad continued to urge that ALN should be forced to the roundabout device of learning the desired information from the third parties with whom Langs had communicated, rather than by inquiring of Langs himself.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
132 F.R.D. 492, 1990 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4395, 1990 WL 157778, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/qadinc-v-aln-associates-inc-ilnd-1990.