Pumpelly v. Cook

81 A.L.R. Fed. 233, 106 F.R.D. 238, 1 Fed. R. Serv. 3d 1407, 1985 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 19906
CourtDistrict Court, District of Columbia
DecidedMay 10, 1985
DocketCiv. A. No. 85-0414
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 81 A.L.R. Fed. 233 (Pumpelly v. Cook) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, District of Columbia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Pumpelly v. Cook, 81 A.L.R. Fed. 233, 106 F.R.D. 238, 1 Fed. R. Serv. 3d 1407, 1985 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 19906 (D.D.C. 1985).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM

OBERDORFER, District Judge.

The plaintiff alleges that he is a shareholder in NTW, Inc., a retail tire sales concern, According to the complaint, the individual defendants fraudulently induced plaintiff to enter into a series of agreements by which he relinquished control over his shares of NTW. The plaintiff alleges common law fraud, securities . fraud, breach of contract, and failure of consideration, and asks the Court to declare that the agreements in question are void.

Defendants point out that when the plaintiff’s complaint was filed, the underlying dispute was already the subject of several court proceedings pending in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, the Bankruptcy Court in that district, and the Court of Chancery for New Castle County, Delaware. Accordingly, the defendants move to dismiss on forum non conveniens grounds or, in the alternative, for transfer pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a).

The plaintiff’s complaint should have been filed as a compulsory counterclaim in Shaw Bay Corporation v. Thomas F. Pumpelly, et al., Civil Action 85-0129-A (E.D.Va. February 1, 1985) (Exhibit D to Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss) (hereinafter “Shaw Bay”). Accordingly, “to avoid unnecessary multiplication of litigation,” Columbia Plaza Corp. v. Security National Bank, 525 F.2d 620, 629 (D.C.Cir.1975) (footnote omitted), an accompanying order will dismiss the complaint without prejudice and grant the plaintiff leave to plead his claims in the action pending before the District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia. See generally 6 C. Wright & A. Miller, Federal Practice and Procedure § 1418 (1971), and cases collected at note 63.

Rule 13(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure provides:

A pleading shall state as a counterclaim any claim which at the time of serving the pleading the pleader has against any [239]*239opposing party, if it arises out of the transaction or occurrence that is the subject matter of the opposing party’s claim and does not require for its adjudication the presence of third parties of whom the court cannot acquire jurisdiction.

Shaw Bay’s complaint in the Eastern District of Virginia was filed before this action was brought and names as a co-defendant the plaintiff in this case. The issue is whether plaintiff was required to plead, as a counterclaim in Shaw Bay, the complaint that is presently before this Court.

Plaintiff’s complaint satisfies the first requirement of Rule 13(a) because it “arises out of the transaction or occurrence that is the subject matter of” Shaw Bay’s claim in the Eastern District. Our Court of Appeals has admonished that “the term ‘transaction’ is to be construed generously to avoid the unnecessary expense inherent in multiplicious litigation.” Columbia Plaza Corp., supra, at 625 (footnote omitted). There is clearly a “logical relationship” between Shaw Bay and the pending action. See Moore v. New York Cotton Exchange, 270 U.S. 593, 610, 46 S.Ct. 367, 371, 70 L.Ed. 750 (1926); Cyprus Corp. v. Whitman, 93 F.R.D. 598, 604 (S.D.N.Y.1982). This case and the Virginia case involve the same series of four agreements and the same cast of characters. Shaw Bay seeks damages against the plaintiff for breach of these agreements; in the action before this court, plaintiff asks to have the agreements declared void. In resisting Shaw Bay’s contract claims, the plaintiff will presumably state as affirmative defenses his claims of fraud and failure of consideration. Fed.R.Civ.P. 8(e). The question of whether these agreements are valid or not will thus involve the same evidence that would be considered by this Court if plaintiff’s claims were litigated here. The two courts involved could enter conflicting discovery orders with respect to the production of such evidence and could even enter irreconcilable judgments. See Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette v. Los Angeles County, 542 F.Supp. 1317, 1321 (S.D.N.Y.1982). The issues involved plainly arise from the same transaction and should therefore be litigated in the same forum.

The second element of Rule 13(a) is also satisfied because the plaintiff’s counterclaim in Shaw Bay “does not require for its adjudication the presence of third parties of whom the court cannot acquire jurisdiction.” Shaw Bay itself is named as a defendant in this action and is already before the court in the Eastern District. Moreover, defendants Cook, Strother and Crosby have agreed to the Virginia court’s exercise of personal jurisdiction over them. Defendants’ R'eply to Plaintiff’s Opposition to Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss at 2 n. 1. Finally, defendant Ferris & Company, which is an escrow agent that has been joined solely to permit the enforcement of any restitution decreed by the Court, has offices in Virginia and is therefore subject to the personal jurisdiction of the federal court sitting in the Eastern District.

Since it is clear that the complaint in this action should have been pleaded as a compulsory counterclaim in Shaw Bay, the remaining question is how to go about consolidating the separate proceedings. The Court has four options: it could enjoin the Virginia action, stay the action pending before it, transfer the action to the Eastern District of Virginia, or dismiss the complaint with leave to file it as a compulsory counterclaim in the Virginia action. See Columbia Plaza Corp., supra, at 627 & n. 44.

There are two reasons why the Virginia proceedings should not be enjoined. First, neither party has requested such extraordinary relief. Second, even if they had, the equities favor an approach that would permit the entire dispute to be adjudicated in the Eastern District of Virginia. The Bankruptcy Court for that district already has before it NTW’s Chapter 11 petition, as well as an adversary complaint filed by NTW against some of the defendants named in the action pending before this court. See In re: NTW, Incorporated, et al., Cases 84-00867A, 84-00865A & 85-00866A (E.D.Va. June 28, 1984); NTW, Incorporated, et al. v. Strother, et al., Ad[240]*240versary Case No. 85-0038-A330 (E.D.Va. January 28, 1985) (Exhibit A to Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss). The Eastern District thus has the essence of this dispute before it. Moreover, the convenience of the parties and witnesses requires that this action be heard in the Eastern District. Plaintiff is a resident of Virginia, and defendants have asked that this action be transferred to that forum. In short, the equities do not justify a departure from the general rule “that the forum where an action is filed first is accorded priority over subsequent actions arising out of the facts giving rise to the first filed action.” Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette, supra, at 1320. Accordingly, it would be inappropriate for this Court to enjoin the Virginia proceeding.

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81 A.L.R. Fed. 233, 106 F.R.D. 238, 1 Fed. R. Serv. 3d 1407, 1985 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 19906, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/pumpelly-v-cook-dcd-1985.