Provident Mutual Life Insurance v. Tax Review Board

750 A.2d 942, 2000 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 220
CourtCommonwealth Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedApril 28, 2000
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 750 A.2d 942 (Provident Mutual Life Insurance v. Tax Review Board) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Provident Mutual Life Insurance v. Tax Review Board, 750 A.2d 942, 2000 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 220 (Pa. Ct. App. 2000).

Opinion

McGINLEY, Judge.

The Provident Mutual Life Insurance Company (Provident) appeals from the order of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County (common pleas court) that affirmed the Tax Review Board of the City of Philadelphia’s (Board) decision that denied Provident a refund from the City of Philadelphia Realty Transfer Tax (Tax).

Covenant Life Insurance Company (Covenant) loaned money to the purchasers of properties located at 1801, 1805, 1807 and 1809 Walnut Street and 126, 128, 130, and 132 South 18th Street (Properties) in the City of Philadelphia (City). Covenant issued an original purchase money mortgage that secured the loan. Prior to July 13, 1995, Covenant merged with Provident. Provident was the name used by the merged entity. As a result of the merger, Provident held the mortgage on the Properties.

On July 13,1995, Provident acquired the Properties by deed in lieu of foreclosure. At the time of the foreclosure, the Properties had an assessed value of $8,535,966.70, and $2,452,864 after the value was multiplied by the common level ratio factor. The City assessed $256,079 in Tax pursuant to Section 19-1402(14)(b) of the Philadelphia Code (Code). Provident paid the Tax on or about July 19,1995. On December 31, 1995, Provident sold the Properties to an unaffiliated business, at arm’s length, at a fair market value of $6,150,000.

On May 5,1997, Provident petitioned for a refund of the Tax. Provident contended before the Board that its acquisition of the Properties through the deed in lieu of fore[944]*944closure was exempt from the Tax because Section 19-1405(14) of the Code excludes from the Tax transactions involving the transfer of real estate “by a mortgagor to the original grantor holding the purchase money mortgage whether such a transfer is pursuant to a deed in lieu of foreclosure or a transfer pursuant to a judicial sale.” Provident contended that Covenant was the original grantor and after the merger Provident stood in Covenant’s shoes. The Board found that the Tax exclusion did not survive the merger and was unavailable to the surviving corporation. The Board reasoned that when Covenant ceased to exist at the time of the merger, the Tax exclusion ceased to exist as well.

Provident also contended that if the transaction were subject to the Tax, the amount of the Tax should be determined by the fair market value at the sale six months later. The Board disagreed and found that under Section 19 — 1402(14)(b) of the Code the value of a property transferred for consideration at less than the actual monetary -worth is computed by adjusting the assessed value for the common level ratio factor for the City as established by the State Tax Equalization Board. On July 14, 1998, the Board denied Provident’s petition.

Provident appealed to the common pleas court. Before the common pleas court, Provident argued the following: 1) the acquisition of the Properties through the deed in lieu of foreclosure was excluded from taxation under Section 19-1405(14) of the Code; 2) if the transaction is not excluded from taxation, then the Tax exceeds the City’s authority; 3) the General Assembly’s legislation on mergers preempted the City from this area of law; and, 4) if the Tax is applicable, the value upon which the Tax was imposed was inflated and violates the uniformity requirements of the Pennsylvania Constitution. On February 3, 1999, the common pleas court affirmed. Provident also presents these issues before us.1

I. Was The Acquisition Excluded under Section 19-1405(14) of the Code?

Provident contends that its acquisition of the Properties by way of a deed in lieu of foreclosure was excluded from the Tax under Section 19-1405(14) of the Code. The common pleas court agreed with the Board that the exclusion from the Tax which was available to the original grantor of a mortgage did not survive Covenant’s merger with Provident because Section 1929(a) of the Business Corporation Law of 1988(Law), 15 Pa.C.S. § 1929, provides that “[u]pon the merger or consolidation becoming effective ... [t]he separate existence of all constituent parties to the merger or consolidation shall cease, except that of the surviving corporation, in the case of a merger.” The common pleas court also found that original grantor status and entitlement to local tax exemptions are not included in the list of property rights that are transferred to a surviving corporation as found in Section 1929(b) of the Law, 15 Pa.C.S. § 1929(b).2 We agree [945]*945with the common pleas court that Provident’s acquisition of the Properties by way of a deed in lieu of foreclosure was not excluded from the Tax under Section 19-1405(14) of the Code.

II. Does the Tax Exceed the City’s Authority?

Provident next contends that the City’s authority to tax is limited by the Commonwealth and that any' tax imposed by the City not authorized by the Commonwealth is invalid. Provident correctly asserts that the City’s authority to impose a real estate tax is codified in Section 1301 of the Local Tax Reform Act (Act)3, 72 P.S. § 4750.1301.4 Provident states that Pennsylvania excludes from the state real estate transfer tax a transfer by a mortgagor to the holder of a mortgage in default in lieu of a foreclosure or a transfer following a judicial sale where the purchaser is the mortgage holder in Section 1102-C.3(16) of the Tax Reform Code of 19715, 72 P.S. § 8102-C.3(16). Therefore, according to Provident, the City does not have the authority to tax this transaction under Section 1301(b)(1) of the Act because the transaction is excluded from the state realty transfer tax. Provident also argues that the City does not have the authority to tax this transaction under Section 1301(b)(2) of the Act because the City can only tax additional classes or types of transactions under that section and the transfer to a mortgagee cannot be viewed as an additional transaction when it is specifically covered under the Tax Reform Code of 1971.

Further, Provident adds that a tax imposed by the City on additional classes or types of income must be enacted pursuant to Section 1 of the act popularly known as the Sterling Act (Sterling Act)6. The Sterling Act authorized the City to tax transactions occurring within the City unless that object of taxation is subject to a state tax or license fee. Provident takes the position that the transfer of real property to the original holder of the mortgage in a deed in lieu of foreclosure is the subject of a specific provision of the Tax Reform Code of 19717. Therefore the [946]*946City does not have the authority under Section 1301(b)(2) of the Act to tax this transfer either.

The common pleas court addressed the City’s authority to tax under the Sterling Act and did not find Provident’s argument persuasive. The common pleas court noted that this Court previously addressed this issue. In Equitable Assurance Soc. v. Murphy, 153 Pa.Cmwlth. 338, 621 A.2d 1078 (1993), this Court held that the Sterling Act authorized the City to tax a transfer of stock in a real estate corporation when the real estate owned by the corporation was located within the City where the City had a real estate transfer tax in place.8

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750 A.2d 942, 2000 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 220, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/provident-mutual-life-insurance-v-tax-review-board-pacommwct-2000.