Price v. Tomrich Corp.

165 S.E.2d 22, 3 N.C. App. 402, 1969 N.C. App. LEXIS 1588
CourtCourt of Appeals of North Carolina
DecidedJanuary 15, 1969
DocketNo. 6814SC465
StatusPublished

This text of 165 S.E.2d 22 (Price v. Tomrich Corp.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of North Carolina primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Price v. Tomrich Corp., 165 S.E.2d 22, 3 N.C. App. 402, 1969 N.C. App. LEXIS 1588 (N.C. Ct. App. 1969).

Opinion

Beitt, J.

The crucial question presented by this appeal is whether the evidence offered by plaintiff, when considered in the light most favorable to her, was sufficient to make out a prima facie case and [404]*404thus withstand defendants’ motion for compulsory nonsuit. We think that it was.

The parties stipulated the following: All lands owned and claimed by both plaintiff and defendants in this action were owned by one Hawkins Chisenhall by virtue of a commissioner’s report and final decree in a partition proceeding entered in September 1887. The 2.82 acres of land in controversy is designated as tract A on a plat prepared by one Love, R.L.S. Defendant corporation has record title to tracts A, B and C, and plaintiff has record title to tract H, as shown on said plat, through mesne conveyances from Hawkins Chisenhall. Charles W. White, Commissioner, executed and delivered to Dr. J. Y. Hinson a deed for tracts A and H, said deed bearing date of 5 December 1952 and recorded on 8 December 1952. Plaintiff is the sister and devisee of Dr. Hinson and succeeded to his interests in tracts A and H by virtue of his will probated 4 April 1963. Plaintiff claims ownership of tract A under color of title by adverse possession.

The plat aforesaid indicates that the lands claimed by plaintiff, a total of approximately 77.75 acres, are pear-shaped, tract A being triangular-shaped and fitting into the southwestern portion of tract H. The plat indicates that defendants’ tracts B and C, containing approximately 25 acres, lie south of plaintiff’s land and are somewhat rectangular in shape with tract A being an appendage extending off from the northeastern portion.

Charles W. White, as a witness for plaintiff, testified that after being appointed commissioner to sell the lands later conveyed by him to Dr. Hinson, he employed one Hunter Jones, a surveyor, to survey and plat the property purportedly owned by the decedent, David Chisenhall, whose land was being sold to make assets; that Surveyor Jones provided him with plats of the property and that a metes and bounds description made from the plat was used in the notice of sale and in the deed to Dr. Hinson; that the 2.82 acres in question were included in the plat and in the descriptions.

Plaintiff claims title under G.S. 1-38 which requires possession by the plaintiff and her predecessors, under known and visible lines and boundaries and under color of title, for seven years. We will discuss the three requirements in reverse order.

The deed from Charles W. White, Commissioner, to Dr. Hinson, dated 5 December 1952, recorded 8 December 1952, and with description embracing tracts A and H, clearly constituted color of title. Perry v. Bassenger, 219 N.C. 838, 15 S.E. 2d 365. The fact [405]*405that an instrument passes title to a part of the land embraced in its description does not prevent it from being color of title to that part to which it does not convey good title but which is embraced within its description. Trust Co. v. Miller, 243 N.C. 1, 89 S.E. 2d 765. It is not necessary to rely upon the proviso to G.S. 1-38, enacted in 1963, providing that commissioners’ deeds in judicial sales constitute color of title.

Plaintiff’s evidence was sufficient to meet the test as to “known and visible boundaries.” Prior to the commissioner’s sale in 1952, lines were surveyed and marked and corners indicated according to established practice, and the commissioner’s deed contained a metes and bounds description conforming thereto. Witnesses testified that they were able to “walk the lines” of the lands claimed by plaintiff from the markings as late as 1963, and a registered surveyor testified he had no difficulty in 1968 finding the lines and corners in the disputed area made by Surveyor Jones in 1952.

Finally, we come to the requirement of possession for seven years, which possession must be adverse. It is obvious that a question of lappage is involved and in Vance v. Guy, 224 N.C. 607, 31 S.E. 2d 766, in an opinion by Stacy, C.J., we find that the following pertinent rules relating to lappage have been established by the decisions:

1. Where the title deeds of two rival claimants to land lap upon each other, and neither is in the actual possession of any of the land covered by both deeds, the law adjudges the possession of the lap-page to be in the one who has the better title. Penny v. Battle, 191 N.C. 220, 131 S.E. 627.

2. If one be seated on the lappage and the other not, the possession of the whole interference is in the former. Shelly v. Grainger, 204 N.C. 488, 168 S.E. 736; Currie v. Gilchrist, 147 N.C. 648, 61 S.E. 581.

3. If both have actual possession of some part of the lappage, the possession of the true owner, by virtue of his superior title, extends to all not actually occupied by the other. McLean v. Smith, 106 N.C. 172, 11 S.E. 184; Ashury v. Fair, 111 N.C. 251, 16 S.E. 467.

We agree with plaintiff’s contention that rule 2 applies to the instant case. In Currie v. Gilchrist, supra, it is said: “* * * [I]f the party claiming under the senior title is not in possession of any part of the lappage and his adversary has been in actual possession of a part under a deed which defines his boundaries and is color of [406]*406title, the law extends his possession to the whole of the lappage, and if he retains the possession for the time required by the statute, seven years, and it is adverse, it will bar the right of entry of the other party and defeat his recovery.” That this is settled law is shown by Lane v. Lane, 255 N.C. 444, 121 S.E. 2d 893; Trust Co. v. Miller, supra; Whiteheart v. Grubbs, 232 N.C. 236, 60 S.E. 2d 101; Vance v. Guy, supra; and Berry v. Coppersmith, 212 N.C. 50, 193 S.E. 3. See also 1 Strong, N.C. Index 2d, Adverse Possession, § 18, p. 70.

“Adverse possession means actual possession, with an intent to hold solely for the possessor to the exclusion of others and is denoted by the exercise of acts of dominion over the land in making the ordinary use and taking the ordinary profits of which it is susceptible, such acts to be so repeated as to show that they are done in the character of owner, and not merely as an occasional trespasser. (Numerous citations).” Denny, J. (later C.J.), in Lindsay v. Carswell, 240 N.C. 45, 81 S.E. 2d 168. Proof of intermittent acts of trespass is not sufficient to overrule a motion to nonsuit upon the issue of adverse possession, Lindsay v. Carswell, supra, but evidence of continuous possession by using the land for the purposes for which it was ordinarily susceptible, even though such acts were seasonal or intermittent, is sufficient. 1 Strong, N. C. Index 2d, Adverse Possession, § 25, p. 76, citing Everett v. Sanderson, 238 N.C. 564, 78 S.E. 2d 408, and other cases.

It is well-established law in this jurisdiction that on a motion to nonsuit, plaintiff’s evidence is to be taken as true and must be considered in the light most favorable to her, giving her the benefit of every fact and inference of fact pertaining to the issues, which may be reasonably deduced from the evidence. 7 Strong, N. C. Index 2d, Trial, § 21, pp. 294, 295.

The testimony of Robert Dunn tended to show that very soon after Dr. Hinson purchased the land in December 1952 he employed Dunn to “bush and bog” or plow up a considerable portion of the land, including the portion where three fish ponds were later built.

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Related

WACHOVIA BANK & TRUST COMPANY v. Miller
89 S.E.2d 765 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1955)
Lindsay v. Carswell
81 S.E.2d 168 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1954)
Everett v. Sanderson
78 S.E.2d 408 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1953)
Lane Ex Rel. Lane v. Lane
121 S.E.2d 893 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1961)
Whiteheart v. Grubbs
60 S.E.2d 101 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1950)
Perry v. . Bassenger
15 S.E.2d 365 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1941)
McLean v. . Smith
11 S.E. 184 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1890)
Berry v. . Coppersmith
193 S.E. 3 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1937)
Asbury v. . Fair
16 S.E. 467 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1892)
Vance v. . Guy
31 S.E.2d 766 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1944)
Currie v. . Gilchrist
61 S.E. 581 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1908)
Shelly v. . Grainger
168 S.E. 736 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1933)
Webb v. Mourning Battle
131 S.E. 627 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1926)
Shelly v. Grainger
204 N.C. 488 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1933)
Perry v. Bassenger
219 N.C. 838 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1941)

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Bluebook (online)
165 S.E.2d 22, 3 N.C. App. 402, 1969 N.C. App. LEXIS 1588, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/price-v-tomrich-corp-ncctapp-1969.