PPG Industries, Inc. v. Workmen's Compensation Appeal Board

542 A.2d 621, 116 Pa. Commw. 597, 1988 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 462
CourtCommonwealth Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedJune 7, 1988
DocketAppeal 1361 C.D. 1987
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 542 A.2d 621 (PPG Industries, Inc. v. Workmen's Compensation Appeal Board) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
PPG Industries, Inc. v. Workmen's Compensation Appeal Board, 542 A.2d 621, 116 Pa. Commw. 597, 1988 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 462 (Pa. Ct. App. 1988).

Opinion

Opinion by

Judge MacPhail,

PPG Industries, Inc. (Petitioner) appeals from the decision of the Workmens Compensation Appeal Board (Board) which affirmed the order of Referee Robert J. Steiner (Referee) in awarding Stephen G. Uleski *599 tained when his car was struck by a train after he had left the Petitioners parking lot. We affirm.

Claimant was employed by the Petitioner for thirty-seven years and at the time of his injury he was responsible for performing general janitorial duties. On December 18, 1980, at approximately 12:00 p.m., the Claimant was leaving work after completing his eight-hour shift. Petitioners parking lot was located on the other side of Ferry Street, a public street controlled and maintained by East Deer Township. The sole means of ingress to and egress from the Petitioners parking lot was by means of Ferry Street. Ferry Street extends from Route 28 to the Allegheny River. There is an unpaved portion of the street which dead-ends at the river. There is no way for Petitioners employees to enter or leave Petitioners parking lot other than by Ferry Street. Just before Ferry Street intersects with Route 28, there is a set of railroad tracks owned and controlled by Conrail.

On the evening in question, the Claimant had crossed Ferry Street to the parking lot, picked up his car, left the Petitioners parking lot, accessed Ferry Street and attempted to cross the set of railroad tracks when his car was struck by an oncoming train. As a result of the accident, the claimant lost his right eye and suffered injury to his back and fingers.

The Referee found that the Claimant was entitled to compensation for the injuries he sustained because the situs of the accident was an integral part of Petitioners premises, thus bringing Claimants injury within the statutory definition of an injury arising in the course of employment. The Petitioner appealed to the Workmens Compensation Appeal Board on the grounds that the Claimant was not injured within the course of his employment and that there was no proper notice given to the Petitioner pursuant to Section 311 of The Pennsyl *600 vania Workmens Compensation Act (Act), Act of June 2, 1915, P.L. 736, as amended, 77 P.S. §631. The Board concluded that there was sufficient competent evidence to support the Referees findings and that the Referee had made no error of law. The Petitioner has appealed to this Court for review. 1

The first issue presented to us in this case is whether the Board erred in concluding that the Claimant was within the course of his employment when the accident occurred, pursuant to Section 301(c)(1) of the Act, 77 P.S. §411(1) which provides that:

The term ‘injury arising in the course of his employment,’ as used in this article . . . shall include all . . . injuries sustained while the employe is actually engaged in the furtherance of the business or affairs of the employer, whether upon the employer’s premises or elsewhere, and shall include all injuries caused by the condition of the premises . . . sustained by the employe, who, though not so engaged, is injured upon the premises occupied by or under the control of the employer . . . the employe’s presence thereon being required by the nature of his employment.

(Emphasis added.) Since the Claimant was not actually working or furthering the employer’s business, the question becomes whether the Claimant was on the premises of the employer when he was injured.

In Schofield v. Workmen's Compensation Appeal Board, 39 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 282, 284, 395 A.2d 328, 329 (1978), this Court citing Epler v. North Ameri *601 can Rockwell Corp., 482 Pa. 391, 393 A.2d 1163 (1978), held that, an “ ‘[ejmployers premises’ embraces property that is so connected with an employer’s business as to form a component or integral part of it notwithstanding the vesting of title to the property in a third party.”

In Epler, the claimant was injured after work when he was walking across a public street to the parking lot provided by the employer. The Court dismissed the argument that compensation should be denied because the claimant was injured in a public street and not in an area owned or controlled by the employer. The Court held that the basis for awarding compensation was that the employee was in the area where the injury occurred because of his employment.

In Schofield, the claimant was injured when a train collided with his car as he was crossing a private crossing to report to work. In affirming the Boards award of benefits, this Court defined employers premises to include, “reasonable means of access to the situs of an employer’s business operation. Workmen’s Compensation Appeal Board v. Levy, 23 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 658, 354 A.2d 7 (1976); Fetzer v. Michrina, 8 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 273, 301 A.2d 924 (1973).” 39 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. at 284, 395 A.2d at 329. The Court also reasoned that, in that case, the crossing was the usual manner of ingress and egress, and constituted an integral part of the employer’s business for the purpose of determining liability under the Act.

Petitioner here contends that Schofield can be distinguished on the ground that the crossing was a private crossing, while in the instant case, the crossing was a public crossing. We find this argument to be unpersuasive. Schofield clearly states that if the crossing constitutes an integral part of the employer’s business, i.e., it is the usual manner of ingress and egress, then it is part of the employer’s premises for determining liability un *602 der the Act, notwithstanding the vesting of title in some other entity. Epler. In the instant case, Ferry Street was not just the usual means of ingress and egress, it was the only means of ingress and egress.

In Sabo v. National Mines Corp., 13 Pa. D. & C. 2d 251 (1957), a case factually similar to the one now before us, the trial court reasoned that where an employer provided a parking lot for its employees on its premises, and the parking lot is so located as to require employees leaving the parking lot to cross railroad tracks owned by a private railroad in order to reach the public highway, the railroad crossing constituted such a relation to the employers plant as to be an integral part of the employers premises sufficiently to meet the requirements of the Act. The court noted that the physical location of the parking lot and the plant made the use of the crossing a practical necessity and the risk inseparable from the claimants employment.

In the instant case, the Referee found that except for emergencies, i.e.,

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Bluebook (online)
542 A.2d 621, 116 Pa. Commw. 597, 1988 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 462, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/ppg-industries-inc-v-workmens-compensation-appeal-board-pacommwct-1988.