Placide v. Placide

408 So. 2d 330
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedDecember 16, 1981
Docket8500
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 408 So. 2d 330 (Placide v. Placide) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Placide v. Placide, 408 So. 2d 330 (La. Ct. App. 1981).

Opinion

408 So.2d 330 (1981)

Florence Comeaux PLACIDE, Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
Herbert PLACIDE, Jr., Defendant-Appellant.

No. 8500.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Third Circuit.

December 16, 1981.

*331 Simon & Dauterive, J. Minos Simon, Lafayette, for defendant-appellant.

Roy, Forrest & Lopresto, Alex A. Lopresto, III, New Iberia, for plaintiff-appellee.

Before CULPEPPER, CUTRER and STOKER, JJ.

STOKER, Judge.

When a husband is tortiously injured during marriage and the parties become judicially separated, to what portion of the husband's recovery in his tort action is the wife entitled in a partition of the community property? The trial court decided the case under Louisiana Civil Code article 2402 and 2334 as these articles formerly read.[1] The trial court held the former wife was entitled to one-half of the tort recovery.

In West v. Ortego, 325 So.2d 242 (La. 1975) the Louisiana Supreme Court considered this question with reference to a husband's recovery of workmen's compensation *332 benefits. The Supreme Court concluded that Articles 2334 and 2402 were not enacted with the issue in question in mind. It further concluded "that there is no positive law resolving the issue before us. Resort to equity, i. e., to natural law and reason, is therefore in order." The court invoked LSA-C.C. art. 21. It then pronounced the following rule:

"Applying the foregoing principles, we conclude that where a husband's settlement monies, acquired after dissolution of the community, but based upon a pre-dissolution, accident-related cause of action, compensate for both pre-dissolution and post-dissolution losses, that portion of the settlement which compensates for post-dissolution losses falls into the separate estate of the husband.
"Ascertaining the post-dissolution portion of the settlement in the case at hand is quite simple in view of the fact that the bulk of the prospective compensation settlement represents weekly fixed sums. Ascertaining the respective portions of a non-workmen's compensation personal injury settlement (or jury verdict, for that matter), while not quite as simple, is nonetheless possible."

In the case before us the trial court held that what the Louisiana Supreme Court suggested in the last sentence quoted above, contrary to being possible, was "obviously impossible" of determination in this case. It so held on the ground that the personal injury award to the husband in this case was not itemized by the jury. The trial court said: "There is no way to discern what portion of the jury's verdict was meant to compensate for `post-dissolution losses'." As a result the trial court held the entire recovery was community property, one-half of which belonged to the plaintiff wife. The defendant husband appealed. We amend in favor of the husband.

A constitutional issue raised below appears to have been abandoned in this appeal as it has not been argued before us.

FACTS

The facts of this case are not in dispute. Plaintiff-appellee, Florence Comeaux Placide, and defendant-appellant, Herbert, Placide, Jr., were married on December 24, 1970, and Herbert was injured on June 12, 1975. As a result of that injury Herbert recovered a judgment in a jury trial which was affirmed in this court with amendment which resulted in a judgment in his favor of $250,000 in general damages, $47,733 in past lost wages, and stipulated medical expenses of $17,365. Placide v. Jay, 378 So.2d 473 (La. App. 3rd Cir. 1979). The trial court described the chronology of events as follows:

1. December 24, 1970—marriage of plaintiff and defendant.

2. June 12, 1975—date of injury sustained by the defendant herein, Herbert Placide.

3. June 3, 1976—lawsuit filed by Herbert Placide for injuries sustained as a result of the above mentioned accident.

4. April 21, 1977—community of acquets and gains dissolved (Judgment of Separation—community terminated as of date petition filed.)

5. December 15, 1978—Jury verdict in favor of Mr. Placide in the above mentioned suit in the amount of $540,000.00. (This verdict was subsequently reduced by the Third Circuit Court of Appeal.)

6. April 22, 1980—The instant lawsuit was filed.

The jury which heard appellant's case in Placide v. Jay, supra, awarded him a total of $540,000 in answer to interrogatories on a verdict form furnished to them as shown by a copy admitted as evidence and filed in the record of the present case. Tr. 48. There was no apportionment between general and special damages.

The trial court in its reasons for judgment explained that because the jury award was not itemized it would be speculative to attempt to determine how much of the award under the formula provided by West v. Ortego, supra, was pre-dissolution loss and how much was post-dissolution loss. Therefore, it reasoned that the entire *333 amount of the judgment should be considered community property. Appellant argues on the other hand that there is a rational basis for apportionment of the recovery into a portion which is community property and a portion which is appellant's separate property under the West v. Ortego formula.

According to a stipulation in the record (Tr. 56) Herbert Placide, Jr., realized $361,894.30 from the judgment in his tort suit including principal and interest. This gross recovery was reduced to a net recovery of $225,713.71 by the payment of the contingency attorney fees and expenses of the law suit. It was further stipulated that one-half of the net recovery, $112,856.86, was deposited with E. F. Hutton & Company and that Florence Comeaux Placide would be paid from this deposit whatever amount, if any, was determined by the court to be due her including principal and interest. Also the parties stipulated that the trial court's first judgment (rendered February 25, 1981) should be reformed and modified so as to reflect the stipulations, and this was done in a second judgment signed April 7, 1981. Thereafter, defendant appealed.

Appellant proposes an apportionment in his brief which reflects the amount paid to appellant's workmen's compensation carrier under an intervention in the tort suit. The stipulation indicates this amount was $36,110.24.

IS THERE A RATIONAL BASIS FOR APPORTIONMENT OF THE TORT ACTION RECOVERY?

The trial court focused on the $540,000 injury award which covered both general and special damages without any allocation of the total to any category. It also felt that to make an allocation in this particular suit required attempting to read the jury's mind which it thought was impossible. The trial court erred in adopting these approaches. As a first predicate we note that the jury award and trial court judgment based upon that award is not the actual award. The award to defendant Herbert Placide, Jr. is that award made in the judgment of this Court of Appeal, namely $250,000 in general damages, and special damages of $47,733 in past loss wages and $17,365 in medical expenses. In addition we do not think it is necessary to speculate on the jury's thoughts on the matter to make a rational and equitable apportionment of the recovery between community and separate estates. An apportionment can be made by the court itself on the basis of equity without basing the apportionment on an inquiry into what the jury might have thought.

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Bluebook (online)
408 So. 2d 330, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/placide-v-placide-lactapp-1981.