Phillips v. Commonwealth

577 A.2d 935, 133 Pa. Commw. 598, 1990 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 354
Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania·Decided June 28, 1990·No. No. 1654 C.D. 1989·Published·Cited by 2 cases

Opinion

McGINLEY, Judge.

This is a petition for review filed by mine subsidence insurance policy holders, Raymond and Candia Phillips (Petitioners) 1. Before this Court are appeals from two orders of the Board of Claims, one denying Petitioners’ praecipe to discontinue and the other finding for the Department of Environmental Resources (DER) on the merits of Petitioners’ mine subsidence claim, and an application for summary relief filed by Petitioners.2

Petitioners purchased an insurance policy on their home under the Coal and Clay Mine Subsidence Insurance Fund [600] (Fund). The Fund is administered by the Coal and Clay Mine Subsidence Board (Subsidence Board). Petitioners filed a claim with the Subsidence Board, whose employees are employees of the DER, asserting that their home was damaged as a result of mine subsidence. After the Subsidence Board denied the claim, Petitioners filed a timely appeal with the Environmental Hearing Board (EHB). This appeal was subsequently withdrawn based on the advice of DER’s counsel that the Board of Claims, rather than the EHB, was the proper forum for a determination of whether the damage to their home was caused by mine subsidence. Petitioners pursued their claim before the Board of Claims.

During Petitioners’ hearing before the Board of Claims, the EHB rendered an opinion in a similar case holding that the EHB was the correct forum for mine subsidence claim disputes. Petitioners thereupon requested a continuance of their action which the Board of Claims denied. Petitioners then filed a praecipe to discontinue based on their belief that the EHB had jurisdiction over their claim. The Board of Claims denied the discontinuance and found that the damage to Petitioners’ home did not result from mine subsidence.

Petitioners, the DER and the EHB agree that we are presented with a question of whether the EHB has jurisdiction over appeals brought by subscribers to the Fund.3 The Board of Claims argues that the amendments to the the Act of May 20, 1937 (informally known as the Board of Claims Act), P.L. 728, as amended, 72 P.S. §§ 4651-1 to 4651-10 and Section 16 of the Act of August 23, 1961 (Mine Subsidence Fund Act), P.L. 1068, as amended, 52 P.S. § 3216, evince the intention of the legislature that jurisdiction over mine subsidence claims lies with the Board of Claims.

Pursuant to Section 704 of the Administrative Agency Law, 2 Pa.C.S. § 704, our scope of review is limited to determining whether constitutional rights were violated, whether an error of law was committed and whether neces[601] sary findings of fact were unsupported by substantial evidence. Estate of McGovern v. State Employees Retirement Board, 512 Pa. 377, 517 A.2d 523 (1986). The facts in the present controversy, and the issues raised by the Board of Claims, are essentially the same as were presented in Department of Environmental Resources v. Burr, 125 Pa.Commonwealth Ct. 475, 557 A.2d 462 (1989). There, a panel of this Court held that the EHB, rather than the Board of Claims, is the appropriate forum. Id., 125 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. at 479-80, 557 A.2d at 464. In Burr we examined the provisions of the Board of Claims Act, one of which, Section 4, grants the Board of Claims “exclusive jurisdiction to hear and determine claims against the Commonwealth arising from contracts entered into by the Commonwealth”. In Burr we rejected DER’s contention that, because insurance policies are contracts, the Board of Claims has jurisdiction and concluded that Section 24.1 of the Mine Subsidence Fund Act vests jurisdiction of these claims in the EHB. Id.

The Board of Claims argues that our decision in Burr is in error and cites to the recent Pennsylvania Supreme Court decision in Shovel Transfer and Storage, Inc. v. Simpson, 523 Pa. 235, 565 A.2d 1153 (1989). In Simpson, a warehouse owner brought a mandamus action to require state officials to sign a contract between the owner and the Liquor Control Board. In rejecting this Court’s finding that the theory of the case was statutory rather than contractual, the Supreme Court characterized the objective of the warehouse owner as an attempt “to establish the enforceability of a contract” and held that the Board of Claims, not this Court, is the proper forum for determining the validity of a contract. Id., 523 Pa. at 241-242, 565 A.2d 1156.

The present case is distinguishable. At the heart of this dispute is a question concerning whether mine subsidence caused the damage to Petitioners’ home. This is not a purely contractual issue. We held in Burr that the EHB has the expertise to effectively deal with such technical matters and concluded that, “when this factor of technical expertise is considered in conjunction with the explicit language of 52 P.S. § 3224.1, we are convinced that jurisdic[602] tion over these claims properly lies in the EHB.” Burr, 125 Pa.Commonwealth Ct. at 480, 557 A.2d at 464.

The Board of Claims maintains that we did not properly apply Section 1933 of the Statutory Construction Act of 1972, 1 Pa.C.S. § 1933 when deciding Burr. Section 1933 of the Statutory Construction Act of 1972 provides:

Whenever a general provision in a statute shall be in conflict with a special provision in the same or another statute, the two shall be construed, if possible, so that effect may be given to both. If the conflict between the two provisions is irreconcilable, the special provisions shall prevail and shall be construed as an exception to the general provision, unless the general provision shall be enacted later and it shall be the manifest intention of the General Assembly that such general provision shall prevail.

1 Pa.C.S. § 1933. Thus, Section 1933 of the Statutory Construction Act of 1972 contains the two pronged requirement that, in order for general language to control over specific, the general provision must have been enacted later than the special provision and the legislature must have intended the general provision to control.4

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Phillips v. Commonwealth, 577 A.2d 935, 133 Pa. Commw. 598, 1990 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 354 (Pa. Ct. App. 1990).

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