Perry 529416 v. Brown

District Court, W.D. Michigan·Decided October 28, 2024·No. 2:24-cv-00085·Unknown

Opinion

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT WESTERN DISTRICT OF MICHIGAN NORTHERN DIVISION

JOSEPH J. PERRY #529416, Case No. 2:24-cv-00085

Plaintiff, Hon. Robert J. Jonker U.S. District Judge v.

MICHAEL BROWN, et al.,

Defendants. /

REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION

I. Introduction This Report and Recommendation (R&R) addresses Defendant Jamros’s motion for summary judgment due to Plaintiff’s failure to exhaust his administrative remedies or, alternatively, to timely file his cause of action. (ECF No. 18.) Plaintiff did not respond.1 State prisoner Joseph J. Perry filed a complaint under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 alleging that the two named Defendants – Kinross Correctional Facility Warden Brown and Nurse Practitioner (NP) Jamros – violated his Eighth Amendment rights by refusing to schedule him for surgery after he fractured his left-hand playing sports

1 The Court granted Perry’s motion for an extension of time to respond giving him until October 15, 2024, to file his response. Perry then filed a motion dated October 14, 2024, asking for the Court to stay his response for a period of discovery. The Court denied that motion because Perry failed to explain why he needed discovery to respond to Defendant’s motion. (ECF No. 26.) on March 14, 2020. (ECF No. 1.) Warden Brown has been dismissed from this case; thus, only Defendant NP Jamros remains in the case. (ECF Nos. 9 and10.) Perry was immediately taken to the hospital after he fractured a bone in his

hand. He says that a physician told him that he needed two screws placed in the bone to ensure proper healing. (ECF No. 1, PageID.5.) Perry says that when he returned to the prison, “medical staff” told him his injury would heal and there was no need for surgery. (Id.) Perry says that surgery was required, and that he eventually had surgery on October 1, 2023. (Id.) Perry claims that the delay caused by “defendants’ wrongful conduct” violated his Eighth Amendment rights by leaving

him “permanently with only a limited use of his left hand.” (Id.) Nurse Practitioner Jamros argues that Perry failed to properly exhaust his administrative remedies. A review of the applicable grievance records shows that there exists no genuine issue of material fact regarding exhaustion, thus entitling NP Jamros to summary judgment. It is respectfully recommended that Court grant NP Jamros’s motion for summary judgment and dismiss her from this case. II. Summary Judgment Standard

Summary judgment is appropriate when the record reveals that there are no genuine issues as to any material fact in dispute and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56; Kocak v. Comty. Health Partners of Ohio, Inc., 400 F.3d 466, 468 (6th Cir. 2005). The standard for determining whether summary judgment is appropriate is “whether the evidence presents a sufficient disagreement to require submission to a jury[2] or whether it is so one-sided that one party must prevail as a matter of law.” State Farm Fire & Cas. Co. v. McGowan, 421 F.3d 433, 436 (6th Cir. 2005) (quoting Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242,

251-52 (1986)). The court must consider all pleadings, depositions, affidavits, and admissions on file, and draw all justifiable inferences in favor of the party opposing the motion. Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587 (1986). When, as here, the non-movant fails to respond to a motion for summary judgment, the Court must “examine the movant’s motion for summary judgment to

ensure that he has discharged his initial burden.” Stough v. Mayville Cmty. Sch., 138 F.3d 612, 614 (6th Cir. 1998) (citing Carver v. Bunch, 946 F.2d 451, 455 (6th Cir. 1991)). III. Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies A prisoner’s failure to exhaust his administrative remedies is an affirmative defense, which Defendants have the burden to plead and prove. Jones v. Bock, 549

2 The Seventh Amendment does not always require courts to submit factual disputes about exhaustion to a jury. Lee v. Willey, 789 F.3d 673, 678 (6th Cir. 2015). If the factual disputes about exhaustion do not overlap with the merits of the plaintiff’s substantive claims, then the court may conduct a bench trial to resolve the exhaustion issue. Richards v. Perttu, 96 F.4th 911, 923 (6th Cir. 2024), cert. granted, No. 23-1324, 2024 WL 4394132 (U.S. Oct. 4, 2024). In a bench trial on exhaustion, the defendants must show that the plaintiff failed to exhaust his administrative remedies by a preponderance of the evidence. Willey, 789 F.3d at 677 (citing Jones v. Bock, 549 U.S. 199, 218 (2007)) (“Failure to exhaust administrative remedies is an affirmative defense, which the defendant has the burden to plead and prove by a preponderance of the evidence.”). U.S. 199, 212-16 (2007). “[W]here the moving party has the burden -- the plaintiff on a claim for relief or the defendant on an affirmative defense -- his showing must be sufficient for the court to hold that no reasonable trier of fact could find other than

for the moving party.” Calderone v. United States, 799 F.2d 254, 259 (6th Cir. 1986). The Sixth Circuit has repeatedly emphasized that the party with the burden of proof “must show the record contains evidence satisfying the burden of persuasion and that the evidence is so powerful that no reasonable jury would be free to disbelieve it.” Cockrel v. Shelby Cnty. Sch. Dist., 270 F.3d 1036, 1056 (6th Cir. 2001). Accordingly, summary judgment in favor of the party with the burden of persuasion “is

inappropriate when the evidence is susceptible of different interpretations or inferences by the trier of fact.” Hunt v. Cromartie, 526 U.S. 541, 553 (1999). Pursuant to the applicable portion of the Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA), 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a), a prisoner bringing an action with respect to prison conditions under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 must exhaust his available administrative remedies. Porter v. Nussle, 534 U.S. 516, 532 (2002); Booth v. Churner, 532 U.S. 731, 733 (2001). A prisoner must first exhaust available administrative remedies, even if the prisoner

may not be able to obtain the specific type of relief he seeks in the state administrative process. Porter, 534 U.S. at 520; Booth, 532 U.S. at 741; Knuckles El v. Toombs,

Perry 529416 v. Brown, (W.D. Mich. 2024).

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