Perotti v. Holt

483 F. App'x 272
Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit·Decided May 16, 2012·No. No. 11-3324·Published

Opinion

ORDER

John Perotti appeals from the denial of his petition under 28 U.S.C. § 2241 for a writ of habeas corpus. The district court denied Perotti’s petition on the ground that he had filed it without first exhausting his administrative remedies. On appeal Perotti argues that he tried to exhaust those remedies and that any further effort would have been futile. We affirm the judgment, but our reasoning differs from that of the district judge.

Perotti is serving a 210-month sentence as an Armed Career Criminal for possession of a firearm by a felon. See 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g), 924(e)(i). In October 2009, while he was housed at the United States Penitentiary in Terre Haute, Indiana, a guard lodged an incident report accusing Perotti of threatening another person with bodily harm and displaying insolence toward a staff member in violation of Codes 203 and 312 of the Bureau of Prisons’ Inmate Discipline Program. According to the incident report, Correctional Officer Vair had been escorting Perotti through the prison when Perotti called him a “piece of shit” and said that if he “was fifteen years younger I would stick some steel in you for doing this to me.” Perotti was given a copy of the incident report.

Perotti appeared before a Discipline Hearing Officer on November 13, 2009. He requested that his newly appointed staff representative, Nicole Slaughter, view a security camera video of the incident before the hearing, but by then the tape already had been recorded over. (At Perotti’s request, Slaughter had replaced his previous staff representative, Leanna Payton. Payton had reviewed the tape before it was recycled.) At the hearing Perotti argued that his words should not be labeled a threat because he simply had been speculating about what might have happened if he was younger rather than threatening immediate or future harm. In fact, Perotti insisted, Vair himself had said that the “piece of shit” remark would have gotten Perotti “jumped” if not for his age. Vair denied saying anything threatening to Perotti, and no other witness had overheard the encounter.

The DHO reasoned that Vair had no reason to lie and thus credited his version of the verbal exchange. The DHO also found that Perotti’s words were threatening and that he was trying to intimidate the officer. The DHO concluded at the hearing that Perotti had violated Code 299, rather than Codes 203 and 312, by engaging in conduct that disrupted the orderly running of the institution. Perotti was placed in disciplinary segregation for 30 days and lost 27 days of good-time credit plus 60 days of visiting and telephone privileges.

[274] The DHO did not issue her written decision until mid-January 2010, two months after the hearing. By then Perotti’s time in segregation and loss of privileges apparently were complete. In the interim he twice had tried to appeal the decision to the BOP’s regional office, but both times he received a notice stating that the appeal had been rejected for not attaching a copy of the nonexistent written decision. The notices advised that he could resubmit the appeal after receiving the written decision, but Perotti instead appealed the first of these rejections to the BOP’s central office. This second-level appeal was rejected on the ground that he had not yet received a merits decision from the regional office. When Perotti eventually received the DHO’s written decision on January 14, he apparently filed a third administrative appeal to the regional office (or, possibly, one of his previous submissions was forwarded to the regional office). This time Perotti received a decision, dated February 16, 2010, addressing and explicitly rejecting all of his challenges to the DHO’s decision. Perotti appealed this decision to the central office at least twice, but whether he ever received a decision on the merits is unclear.

Perotti then petitioned for habeas-cor-pus relief.1 He argued that he was denied due process at the disciplinary hearing and sought restoration of his good-time credits. The BOP urged the district court to dismiss the petition for failure to exhaust administrative remedies and also on the ground that Perotti’s substantive arguments lack merit. On the question whether Perotti had exhausted, the BOP focused on Perotti’s first two administrative appeals that were returned unanswered yet said nothing at all about the third attempt that was decided on the merits. The district court, without addressing the merits of Perotti’s petition, accepted the BOP’s contention that he had failed to exhaust his administrative remedies and dismissed the action on that basis. The court, following the BOP’s lead, held that Perotti had twice ignored a directive from the regional office telling him that he must resubmit his first-level appeal with a copy of the DHO report. Like the BOP, the court did not acknowledge the decision on the merits Perotti received on February 16, 2010.

On appeal Perotti disputes the conclusion that he failed to exhaust his administrative remedies. He maintains that the regional office should have accepted and addressed his first two attempted appeals because he still did not have the DHO report and regulations allowed an appeal to proceed as long as he included information about the charges and the hearing he was challenging. He argues that further attempts to exhaust administrative remedies would have been futile. The BOP ignores Perotti’s contention that providing the regional office a copy of the DHO’s written decision was not essential. The BOP also remains silent about the merits decision Perotti received on his third appeal to the regional office.

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Perotti v. Holt, 483 F. App'x 272 (7th Cir. 2012).

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