Perlow v. AAAcon Auto Transport, Inc.

421 A.2d 399, 280 Pa. Super. 52, 1980 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2870
CourtSuperior Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedJuly 25, 1980
DocketNo. 1641
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 421 A.2d 399 (Perlow v. AAAcon Auto Transport, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Superior Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Perlow v. AAAcon Auto Transport, Inc., 421 A.2d 399, 280 Pa. Super. 52, 1980 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2870 (Pa. Ct. App. 1980).

Opinion

SPAETH, Judge:

This is an appeal from an order dismissing appellant AAAcon’s exceptions to the decision in a non-jury trial and entering judgment in favor of appellees, the Perlows, in the amount of $2,120.39 with interest of $349.86. On this appeal AAAcon argues that the lower court erred both in finding it liable and in computing the amount of the damages.

In August 1975 the Perlows contracted with AAAcon to have their 1970 Dodge Dart automobile delivered to Albuquerque, New Mexico. AAAcon’s driver took possession of the automobile on August 18, 1975; delivery in Albuquerque was scheduled for August 23. The Perlows paid AAAcon $190 to make the delivery.

When the automobile did not arrive in Albuquerque as scheduled, Mr. Perlow made several telephone calls to AAA-con concerning its whereabouts. He also sent a letter to AAAcon on September 5, 1975, demanding that AAAcon find the automobile and reimburse him for any damages and expenses. On September 6, the Perlows received a telephone call from the state police in Colorado informing them that their automobile had been found damaged and abandoned near the Grand Canyon; the driver had disappeared. On September 8, Mr. Perlow notified AAAcon’s local office, and when AAAcon still failed to deliver the automobile, he sent another letter of complaint on September 22. Finally, on September 29, AAAcon delivered the automobile to the Perlows in Albuquerque. It was extensively damaged, and the Perlows traded it in as part of the purchase price of a new automobile. They brought the present action against AAAcon on November 17, 1976.

At trial Mr. Perlow testified that the value of the automobile before AAAcon’s driver took possession of it was $2,200, but that after it was damaged, he had to trade it in for $792.77. He also testified that he had rented a substitute automobile from August 23 to September 29 at a total cost of $523.16. In addition to these damages, the Perlows [56]*56claimed reimbursement of the $190 delivery fee paid AAA-con. The damages awarded by the lower court included all three of these items.1

AAAcon argues that it should not be held liable because the evidence was insufficient to prove that it was responsible for the damages to the automobile, and because the Perlows failed to give AAAcon proper notice of their claim.

a

The parties agree, and in any event it is settled, that AAAcon’s liability as a carrier is controlled by the Carmack Amendment to the Interstate Commerce Act, 49 U.S.C. § 20(11). See Southeastern Express Co. v. Pastime Amusement Co., 299 U.S. 28, 57 S.Ct. 73, 81 L.Ed. 20 (1936). The Carmack Amendment provides in pertinent part that “[a]ny common carrier . . . receiving property for transportation . . . shall issue a receipt or bill of lading therefor, and shall be liable to the lawful holder thereof for any loss, damage, or injury to such property caused by it. ... ” The Amendment “codifies the common-law rule that a carrier, though not an absolute insurer, is liable for damage to goods transported by it unless it can show that the damage was cause by ‘(a) the act of God; (b) the public enemy; (c) the act of the shipper himself; (d) public authority; (e) or the inherent vice or nature of the goods.’ ” Missouri Pacific Railroad Co. v. Elmore & Stahl, 377 U.S. 134, 137, 84 S.Ct. 1142, 1144, 12 L.Ed.2d 194, 197 (1964), quoting Bills of Lading, 52 I.C.C. 671, 679. Accordingly, “the shipper establishes his prima facie case when he shows delivery in good condition, arrival in damaged condition, and the amount of damages. Thereupon the burden of proof is upon the carrier to show both that it was free from negligence and that the damage to the cargo was due to one of the excepted causes relieving the carrier of liability.” Missouri Pacific Railroad Co. v. Elmore & Stahl, supra at 138, 84 S.Ct. at 1145, 12 [57]*57L.Ed.2d at 198. See Blue Bird Food Prod. Co. v. Baltimore & Ohio R. Co., 474 F.2d 102, 103-04 (3d Cir. 1973); Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corp. v. Illinois Central Gulf R. Co., 468 F.Supp. 615, 617-18 (E.D.Mo.1979); Thomas Electronics, Inc. v. H. W. Taynton Co., 277 F.Supp. 639, 642 (D.C.Pa.1967). See also Aviation Associates of Puerto Rico v. Dixon Co., 333 F.Supp. 982 (M.D.Pa.1971). Here, the Perlows proved delivery of their automobile to AAAcon in good condition, arrival in damaged condition, and the amount of their damages. Moreover, AAAcon never proved either that it was free from negligence or that the damage to the automobile was due to one of the excepted causes.

b

AAAcon argues that under the Carmack Amendment, the Perlows were obliged to give it notice of their claim within nine months after the delivery of their automobile. This argument is without merit. The Carmack Amendment permits a carrier to establish a nine month notice requirement, but it does not itself establish such a requirement.2 Thus, when such a requirement has been upheld, see American Synthetic Rubber Corp. v. Louisville & N. R. Co., 291 F.Supp. 723, 726 (W.D.Ky.1968); Pennsylvania R. Co. v. Greene, 173 F.Supp. 657, 659 (S.D.Ala.1959); Penn State Laundry Co. v. Pennsylvania R. Co., 134 F.Supp. 955 (M.D.Pa.1955), the carrier has presented evidence that it established the requirement as part of its contract. See Glazer Steel Corp. v. Strickland Trans. Co., 261 So.2d 117, 118 (La.App.1972) (record failed to show nine month limitation on claims). From the record in this case, it appears that AAAcon never presented any such evidence. Cf. Cray v. Pennsylvania Greyhound Lines, Inc., 177 Pa.Super. 275, 110 A.2d 892 (1955) (tariff providing loss limitation introduced in evidence at trial).

[58]*582

AAAcon argues that in computing the amount of damages, the lower court should not have awarded the Perlows damages either for the rental charges for the substitute automobile, or for the fee paid AAAcon for delivering the automobile.

AAAcon contends that under the bill of lading covering the Perlow transaction, rental charges for a substitute automobile in case of delay of delivery were excluded. Unfortunately, a copy of the bill of lading covering the delivery of the automobile from Pittsburgh to Albuquerque has not been included in the record transmitted to us.3 However, as we understand its argument, AAAcon does not claim that the rental charges were excluded as a matter of law under the Carmack Amendment, see Missouri Pacific Railroad Co. v. Elmore & Stahl, supra; Caten v. Salt City Movers & Storage Co., Inc., 149 F.2d 428, 432 (2d Cir. 1945), but instead that the charges were unforeseeable special damages for which as a matter of contract law it could not be liable, see AAAcon’s Brief at p. 9-10, citing, Hadley v. Baxendale, 9 Ex. 341, 156 Eng.Rep. 145 (1854), and Marquette Cement Manufacturing Co. v.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
421 A.2d 399, 280 Pa. Super. 52, 1980 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2870, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/perlow-v-aaacon-auto-transport-inc-pasuperct-1980.