Pereira v. Ocean-Clear, Inc. (In re East River Restaurant Associates, Inc.)

137 B.R. 118, 1992 Bankr. LEXIS 2508, 1992 WL 35549
CourtDistrict Court, S.D. New York
DecidedFebruary 6, 1992
DocketBankruptcy No. 85 B 10726 TLB; Adv. No. 87-6210 A
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 137 B.R. 118 (Pereira v. Ocean-Clear, Inc. (In re East River Restaurant Associates, Inc.)) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, S.D. New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Pereira v. Ocean-Clear, Inc. (In re East River Restaurant Associates, Inc.), 137 B.R. 118, 1992 Bankr. LEXIS 2508, 1992 WL 35549 (S.D.N.Y. 1992).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM DECISION ON DEFENDANT’S MOTION TO DISMISS

TINA L. BROZMAN, Bankruptcy Judge.

In December, 1987, Trustee-Plaintiff sued Ocean-Clear, Inc. (Ocean-Clear), to recover preferential payments allegedly received by it. I tried the adversary proceeding on December 14, 1989. At the close of the trial, I directed both parties to “prepare findings [and] conclusions keyed to the pages of the transcript. And I would like those submitted to] me — you can exchange them within three weeks after your receipt of the transcript. That should be adequate time. When I have reviewed the matter, I will either issue a written decision or have my Law Clerk call you down to the Court and read something into the record.” (Transcript at 90).

Ocean-Clear contends that the Trustee agreed to serve it with a copy of the transcript much as he had done in prior proceedings and that, therefore, Ocean-Clear had no obligation to submit its own findings and conclusions until the Trustee supplied the transcript. (In support of this contention, Ocean-Clear notes that when the Trustee finally did serve the proposed findings, he included a copy of the transcript.) Although the transcript was filed on March 8, 1990, and subsequently mailed to the Trustee, Ocean-Clear did not receive from the Trustee the transcript and the proposed findings until June 28, 1991, more than one year after the date which I had discussed at the conclusion of trial. Ocean-Clear now moves to dismiss the complaint on the grounds that the Trustee has failed to comply with the Court’s time specifications. What Ocean-Clear ignores, of course, is that my direction was not [119]*119unilateral; the parties were to exchange findings and conclusions three weeks after receipt of the transcript.

Local Rule 18, entitled “Proposed Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law”, states in part “any party submitting Proposed Findings of fact and Conclusions of law, shall serve them on all the parties in the time fixed by the Court.” Bankruptcy rule 9006(b)(1) states in part “when an act is required or allowed to be done at or within a specified period by these rules or by a notice given thereunder or by order of court, the court for cause shown may at any time in its discretion (1) with or without motion or notice order the period enlarged if the request therefor is made before the expiration of the period originally prescribed or as extended by a previous order or (2) on motion made after the expiration of the specified period permit the act to be done where the failure to act was the result of excusable neglect.” (Emphasis added.)

It is Ocean-Clear’s view that the Trustee violated Local Rule 18 because he failed to comply with the three week time period which I had fixed. I cannot overlook this dereliction, Ocean-Clear says, because the Trustee never applied pursuant to Bankruptcy Rule 9006(b)(1) for an enlargement of time and has not shown “excusable neglect.” The Trustee’s delay is so much the worse, argues Ocean-Clear, because pursuant to section 704 of the Bankruptcy Code, 11 U.S.C. § 704, he was required to act as “expeditiously as is compatible with the best interests of parties in interests.” Ocean-Clear concludes from all this that the complaint should be dismissed.

In opposition to Ocean-Clear’s motion, the Trustee asserts that no prejudice resulted from the “inadvertent delay” in the submission of the proposed findings. Acknowledging that his office received the transcript “some time ago” (Trustee’s opposition application at 2), he explains that he was unaware of this fact. He also disputes that he ever agreed to supply Ocean-Clear with a copy of the transcript. Thus, he argues, it was the responsibility of both parties to complete the proposed findings. Alternatively, the Trustee contends that I never specifically mandated that the proposed findings be submitted within three weeks of receipt of the transcript, but rather suggested that three weeks be given to review the proposed findings after exchange of these documents between the parties. The Trustee requests that since I have heard a full trial on the merits I now render a final decision. To act otherwise, he urges, would result in injustice and prejudice to the creditors of the estate.

Whether the Trustee may have informally agreed to supply Ocean-Clear with a copy of the transcript is quite beside the point. No such agreement was placed on the record. And if one regards my direction at the close of trial as an order, as does Ocean-Clear, then plainly Ocean-Clear is as much in default of that order as is the Trustee, for Ocean-Clear was equally responsible for submitting its own findings and conclusions three weeks after the transcript was supplied by the court reporter.

Aside from cases cited to support its contention that inadvertent delay does not constitute excusable neglect, Ocean-Clear cites no case law in support of its motion to dismiss based on the Trustee’s failure to serve the proposed findings. Manifestly, the burden of pursuing an action rests with the plaintiff. See United Merchants and Manufacturers, Inc. v. Spare Parts (In re United Merchants and Manufacturers, Inc.), 86 B.R. 764 (S.D.N.Y.1988). In addition, although not raised by Ocean-Clear, Bankruptcy Rule 7041, which adopts Rule 41 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, authorizes the court in its discretion to dismiss a case where the plaintiff has failed to prosecute or to comply with a court order. Harding v. Federal Reserve Bank, 707 F.2d 46 (2d Cir.1983).

Characterizing dismissal as a “ ‘harsh remedy to be utilized only in extreme situations’ ”, Harding sets forth several factors to consider in deciding whether dismissal under Rule 41(b) is warranted. Id. (citing Theilmann v. Rutland Hosp., Inc., 455 F.2d 853, 855 (2d Cir.1972)). These include [120]*120the duration of the plaintiff's failures, whether the plaintiff had received notice that further delays would result in dismissal, whether the defendant is likely to be prejudiced by further delay, whether a balance has been struck between alleviating court calendar congestion and protecting a party’s right to due process and a fair chance to be heard, and whether the judge has considered imposing lesser sanctions. At least one commentator, citing by analogy a Supreme Court decision involving failure to comply with discovery under Rule 37, notes that “a clear record of intentional misconduct must be shown” in order to warrant a Rule 41(b) dismissal. 5 J. Moore, Moore’s Federal Practice, ¶ 41.12 at 41-155 (2d ed.1988) (citing Societe Internationale v. Rogers, 357 U.S. 197, 78 S.Ct. 1087, 2 L.Ed.2d 1255 (1958)).

In Harding, the court of appeals held that the district court abused its discretion in dismissing a complaint pursuant to Rule 41(b). The plaintiff had failed to file an amended complaint within the time period specified in a court order.

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137 B.R. 118, 1992 Bankr. LEXIS 2508, 1992 WL 35549, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/pereira-v-ocean-clear-inc-in-re-east-river-restaurant-associates-inc-nysd-1992.