People v. Young

423 N.E.2d 221, 97 Ill. App. 3d 187, 53 Ill. Dec. 29, 1981 Ill. App. LEXIS 2778
Appellate Court of Illinois·Decided June 17, 1981·No. 80-617·Published·Cited by 4 cases

Opinion

Mr. JUSTICE STOUDER

delivered the opinion of the court:

The defendant, John W. Young III, appeals from his conviction for theft by deception following a jury trial in the Circuit Court of Rock Island County. The court sentenced the defendant to an extended term of 8 years’ imprisonment. He presents nine issues for review.

The defendant was arrested on Friday, May 23,1980, signed a waiver of his Miranda rights later that night, and four days later, confessed to purchasing three items of jewelry and a car for $6,650. He paid for the items by a redemption check drawn from his account in the Dreyfus Fund II, a money market fund, and issued by the fund’s agent, the Bank of New York. The defendant admitted to opening the money market fund using a check drawn on his account with the Bermuda National Bank, Ltd., Hamilton; Bermuda, which contained no funds. Consequently, the defendant knew his Dreyfus account contained no funds and knew the check would not be paid when presented. Following a continuance requested by the State on August 29, 1980, the cause came to trial on September 23,1980,122 days after the defendant’s arrest.

The defendant first contends the court erred in granting the State’s motion for continuance and thus denied him his rights under the speedy trial provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1979, ch. 38, par. 103 — 5.) That section requires that an accused must be tried within 120 days from the date he was taken into custody. The State, however, may move for an extension not to exceed 60 days beyond the 120-day period by showing that it has exercised without success due diligence to obtain evidence material to the case and that reasonable grounds exist to believe that such evidence may be obtained later. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1979, ch. 38, par. 103 — 5(c).) This continuance should not be confused with section 114 — 4, which authorizes continuances but which does not extend the 120 days. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1979, ch. 38, par. 114—4; People v. Toolate (1978), 62 Ill. App. 3d 895, 379 N.E.2d 927.) In the case at bar, the State after nearly 100 days moved to continue the trial date, stating that a material witness, Trevor Allwood, a bank employee from the Bermuda National Bank, would be in England and consequently would be unavailable to testify at the trial then set for September 8,1980. Pursuant to sections 103 — 5 and 114 — 4, the State moved to continue the date of the trial until after September 19, 1980, when Allwood would be available. The defendant argues the motion was insufficient in two respects: (1) that the motion was based on section 114 — 4, not on section 103 — 5(c); and (2) that the unverified allegations failed to demonstrate due diligence. We disagree. The State’s motion did incorrectly refer to section 114 — 4, but upon an examination of the record, we find the State fully apprised the court that the requested continuance would toll the 120-day speedy trial period. The motion also referred to section 103 — 5, and the State informed the court that Allwood’s return to Bermuda would come just 1 day prior to the expiration of the 120-day period. Moreover, the State presented its justification for the continuance in terms of due diligence, the operative test for a section 103 — 5(c) continuance. (See People v. Folenga (1980), 83 Ill. App. 3d 210, 404 N.E.2d 935.) Such was not the case in People v. Toolate (1978), 62 Ill. App. 3d 895, 379 N.E.2d 927, where the court continued the trial date upon a motion that referred to no specific section and failed to otherwise apprise the court that the continuance would extend the 120-day period. Although the State incorrectly referred to section 114 — 4, we find the remainder of the motion was placed “not only in the right church but also in the proper pew.” People v. Toolate (1978), 62 Ill. App. 3d 895, 898, 379 N.E.2d 927, 929.

As for the defendant’s contention concerning the adequacy of the State’s claim of due diligence, we find the State’s allegations met the section 103 — 5(c) requirement of due diligence. The allegations need not be presented by affidavit as the defendant urges (see People v. Gamble (1976), 41 Ill. App. 3d 394, 353 N.E.2d 136), and may be made orally. As for the merits of the State’s claim of due diligence, this court recently held in People v. Folenga (1980), 83 Ill. App. 3d 210, 404 N.E.2d 935, that the temporary absence of a material witness from the country constituted a valid ground for a section 103 — 5(c) continuance.

The defendant next argues that the circuit court erred in denying his motion to exclude the admission of evidence resulting from discovery disclosed by the State after the deadline set by the court. On July 31,1980, the court ordered the State to disclose to the defendant discovery in its possession within 7 days. That same day, the State filed its disclosure listing several witnesses. The State also furnished 42 pages of police reports. On September 8,10 and 15, however, additional disclosures were made. The three subsequent disclosures included the names of additional witnesses and records of several checking accounts opened by the defendant since 1978.

The disclosure provisions of Supreme Court Rule 412 (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1979, ch. 110A, par. 412), were enacted to prevent surprise, unfairness, and inadequate preparation. (People v. Rand (1975), 29 Ill. App. 3d 873, 331 N.E.2d 15.) Compliance is excused only if the State was unaware prior to trial of the existence of evidence subject to discovery and could not have become aware of it in the exercise of due diligence. People v. Boucher (1978), 62 Ill. App. 3d 436, 379 N.E.2d 339.

Upon examination of the record, we find that the complexity of the instant case precluded a definitive knowledge by the State of the extent of the evidence at the time the disclosure order was made. At that time, the State knew the defendant wrote several redemption checks from his Dreyfus account which he had opened using a Bermuda National check which he knew would not be paid. The State subsequently learned the defendant also attempted to increase his Dreyfus account by remitting checks totaling several hundred thousand dollars that were drawn on his account with the Continental Bank of Canada, Toronto, Canada. That account also contained no funds. The State then discovered the defendant had opened the Bermuda National account by depositing a $30,000 redemption check from his account with the Kemper money market fund located in Kansas City, Missouri. The Kemper fund check was returned unpaid because the defendant’s account contained no funds. Upon further discovery, the State learned that Kemper’s agent, the United Missouri Bank, had closed the account because the defendant deposited into the fund checks drawn from his account with the American National Bank and Trust Company of Chicago which that bank had returned unpaid. The American National Bank refused to pay the checks because the defendant’s account contained no funds.

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People v. Young, 423 N.E.2d 221, 97 Ill. App. 3d 187, 53 Ill. Dec. 29, 1981 Ill. App. LEXIS 2778 (Ill. Ct. App. 1981).

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