People v. Wofford

914 N.E.2d 1228, 394 Ill. App. 3d 433, 333 Ill. Dec. 416, 2009 Ill. App. LEXIS 822
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedSeptember 3, 2009
Docket5-08-0116
StatusPublished

This text of 914 N.E.2d 1228 (People v. Wofford) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
People v. Wofford, 914 N.E.2d 1228, 394 Ill. App. 3d 433, 333 Ill. Dec. 416, 2009 Ill. App. LEXIS 822 (Ill. Ct. App. 2009).

Opinion

PRESIDING JUSTICE WEXSTTEN

delivered the opinion of the court:

The defendant, Jessie Wofford, appeals the St. Clair County circuit court’s dismissal of his second amended postconviction petition during the second stage of his postconviction proceeding. The defendant contends that the State forfeited its statute-of-limitation affirmative defense under section 122 — 1 of the Post-Conviction Hearing Act (Act) (725 ILCS 5/122 — 1 (West 1998)) by not raising it in its original motion to dismiss. Because we find that the State raised the limitation defense at the appropriate time — during the second stage of the post-conviction proceeding — and did not waive or forfeit the defense, we affirm the dismissal.

BACKGROUND

On October 24, 1994, the defendant entered a guilty plea to charges of first-degree murder and aggravated battery with a firearm and was sentenced to a 40-year term of imprisonment. The defendant filed a motion to reduce his sentence, which was denied by the circuit court more than three years later. On direct appeal, the defendant’s conviction was affirmed by this court, but we remanded the cause to the circuit court with directions to credit the defendant for time served. People v. Wofford, No. 5 — 98—0212 (1998) (unpublished order under Supreme Court Rule 23 (166 Ill. 2d R. 23)).

On March 11, 1999, more than four years and three months after the defendant’s conviction, the defendant filed a pro se petition for postconviction relief. The trial court dismissed the petition at the initial stage of the postconviction proceeding, finding it patently without merit. On appeal, however, the matter was remanded for stage-two proceedings because the circuit court had failed to act on the petition within 90 days as required by section 122 — 2.1(a) of the Act (725 ILCS 5/122 — 2.1(a) (West 1998)). People v. Wofford, No. 5 — 99—0457 (2000) (unpublished order under Supreme Court Rule 23).

On remand, the State filed a motion to dismiss but did not raise the issue of the timeliness of the defendant’s petition. The circuit court appointed counsel for the defendant, and an amended postconviction petition was filed. The State then filed a motion to dismiss the amended petition, which the trial court granted because no supporting documentation or affidavits were attached to the amended petition as required by section 122 — 2 of the Act (725 ILCS 5/122 — 2 (West 1998)).

On appeal, the defendant alleged the ineffective assistance of post-conviction counsel for failing to attach supporting documents to the amended petition or provide an excuse for their absence, in contravention to section 122 — 2 of the Act. Finding merit in the defendant’s contention, this court remanded the cause with directions to allow the defendant to replead his petition with the assistance of counsel. People v. Wofford, No. 5 — 03—0295 (2005) (unpublished order under Supreme Court Rule 23).

The defendant then filed a pro se “supplement [sic] petition for post[ ]conviction relief.” The same day, the defendant was appointed new counsel, and an amended petition for postconviction relief was filed. The State filed a motion to dismiss the defendant’s amended petition, alleging, for the first time, that the defendant’s original post-conviction petition was untimely and that the defendant failed to allege facts showing that the delay was not due to his culpable negligence pursuant to section 122 — 1(c) of the Act (725 ILCS 5/122 — 1(c) (West 1998)).

In response, the defendant filed a second amended petition, contending “[t]hat if there was a delay in the filing thereof, it was not due to the culpable negligence of the [defendant]” because the “motion to reduce the sentence was pending for three (3) years and three (3) months” and because the defendant “was misinformed by his [direct appeal counsel] to ‘save the post[ ]conviction issues’ until after the appeal was decided.” In support, the defendant attached a letter addressed to him from his direct appeal counsel, stating, in pertinent part, “You probably will want to write to [your doctor] in order to determine whether his affidavit would be of help to you in a post[ ]conviction petition.”

Approximately two weeks later, the State filed a motion to dismiss the defendant’s second amended petition, still contesting the timeliness of the defendant’s original petition. After hearing arguments, the circuit court issued an order granting the State’s motion to dismiss, finding that the defendant’s petition did not comply with the time requirements of section 122 — 1 of the Act. The defendant appeals that dismissal.

ANALYSIS

We first note that the defendant did not argue in his second amended petition or at the hearing on the State’s motion to dismiss that the State forfeited its statute-of-limitation defense by not raising it in its original motion to dismiss. Thus, the defendant has waived this issue on appeal. People v. Adams, 131 Ill. 2d 387, 395 (1989) (“[A]n issue not raised in the trial court is considered waived”). Nevertheless, in the interest of reaching a just result and setting a sound and uniform body of precedent, we have exercised our discretion to review the defendant’s point on the merits. Hux v. Raben, 38 Ill. 2d 223, 224-25 (1967).

Section 122 — 1(c) of the Act provides, in relevant part, “No proceedings under this Article shall be commenced more than *** 3 years from the date of conviction ***, unless the petitioner alleges facts showing that the delay was not due to his or her culpable negligence.” 725 ILCS 5/122 — 1(c) (West 1998). Here, the defendant’s original petition for postconviction relief was filed more than three years after his conviction, and the defendant concedes that his petition was untimely. Nevertheless, the defendant contends that “the trial court should not have granted the State’s motion to dismiss the petition for not being ‘timely’ in the final motions to dismiss” because “[tjhe State by 2007 had forfeited its argument that [the defendant’s] 1999 postconviction petition was untimely.” The defendant relies on People v. Boclair, 202 Ill. 2d 89 (2002), to support the proposition that the failure to raise the affirmative defense of limitations in its initial motion to dismiss resulted in the State waiving that defense. Our review is de novo. Boclair, 202 Ill. 2d at 97.

“The Act provides a three-stage process for the adjudication of post[ ]conviction petitions.” Boclair, 202 Ill. 2d at 99. At the first stage, after a petition for postconviction relief has been filed, the circuit court has 90 days to review the petition to determine if it is frivolous or patently without merit. 725 ILCS 5/122 — 2.1(a) (West 1998). The court cannot dismiss the petition as untimely at this stage of the proceeding. Boclair, 202 Ill. 2d at 99-100. If the petition is not dismissed within 90 days, then the petition moves on to stage two of the postconviction proceeding. 725 ILCS 5/122 — 2.1(b) (West 1998).

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

People v. Perkins
890 N.E.2d 398 (Illinois Supreme Court, 2008)
Hux v. Raben
230 N.E.2d 831 (Illinois Supreme Court, 1967)
People v. Cortez
788 N.E.2d 243 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 2003)
People v. Wright
723 N.E.2d 230 (Illinois Supreme Court, 1999)
People v. Boclair
789 N.E.2d 734 (Illinois Supreme Court, 2002)
People v. Adams
546 N.E.2d 561 (Illinois Supreme Court, 1989)
Behr v. Club Med, Inc.
546 N.E.2d 751 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1989)
Dever v. Simmons
684 N.E.2d 997 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1997)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
914 N.E.2d 1228, 394 Ill. App. 3d 433, 333 Ill. Dec. 416, 2009 Ill. App. LEXIS 822, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/people-v-wofford-illappct-2009.