People v. Washington

9 A.D.3d 499, 779 N.Y.S.2d 303, 2004 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 9081
Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York·Decided July 1, 2004·Published·Cited by 21 cases

Opinion

Mercure, J.

Appeal from a judgment of the County Court of Schenectady County (Eidens, J.), rendered September 20, 2002, upon a verdict convicting defendant of the crimes of murder in the second degree, robbery in the first degree (three counts), criminal use of a firearm in the first degree, robbery in the second degree, criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree, criminal possession of a weapon in the third degree (six counts), unlawfully wearing a body vest, criminal possession of a controlled substance in the seventh degree, petit larceny, criminal impersonation in the second degree and false personation, and of the violation of unlawful possession of marihuana.

Following a jury trial, defendant was convicted of 19 out of 24 counts charged relating to the murder of Elliott Felder in the City of Schenectady, Schenectady County, and separate incidents involving an armed robbery, as well as defendant’s possession of a weapon, wearing of a bullet-proof vest and possession of cocaine and marihuana. Defendant was sentenced and now appeals.

Initially, defendant argues that County Court lacked the authority, in the absence of his consent, to submit to the jury an annotated verdict sheet setting forth the elements of the crimes charged in 10 of the 24 counts. Defendant is correct that, without consent or a statutory exception, the inclusion of such explanatory language “offend[s] the letter of the law” (People v Damiano, 87 NY2d 477, 482 [1996]). At the time of defendant’s trial, CPL 310.20 (2) provided, in pertinent part, that “[whenever the court submits two or more counts charging a violation of the same section of a law defining an offense, the court may set forth . . . specific statutory language, without defining the terms, by which the counts may be distinguished.” Here, none of the annotations challenged on appeal falls under the same section as other counts charged on the jury sheet and defendant did not expressly consent to their submission to the jury.

A defendant may impliedly consent, however, to submission of an annotated verdict sheet (see People v Brown, 90 NY2d 872, [501]*501874 [1997]). Although “the lack of an objection to the annotated verdict sheet by defense counsel [alone] cannot be transmuted into consent” (People v Damiano, supra at 484), where a defendant is given adequate opportunity to review the verdict sheet and objects only to a portion of it, the failure to object to the remainder of the verdict sheet constitutes implicit consent to the remaining annotations (see People v Knight, 280 AD2d 937, 940 [2001], lv denied 96 NY2d 864 [2001]; People v James, 256 AD2d 1149, 1149 [1998], lv denied 93 NY2d 875 [1999]; People v Highsmith [Bird], 248 AD2d 961, 962 [1998], lv denied 91 NY2d 1005, 1008 [1998]; People v Fecunda, 226 AD2d 474, 475 [1996], lv denied 88 NY2d 936 [1996]; cf. People v Gerstner, 270 AD2d 837, 837 [2000]). Here, there was an extended discussion between counsel and County Court regarding the verdict sheet and defense counsel objected to the annotation of four counts other than those challenged on appeal.

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People v. Washington, 9 A.D.3d 499, 779 N.Y.S.2d 303, 2004 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 9081 (N.Y. Ct. App. 2004).

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