People v. Warren

538 N.E.2d 1380, 183 Ill. App. 3d 197, 131 Ill. Dec. 824, 1989 Ill. App. LEXIS 783
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedMay 24, 1989
DocketNo. 3—88—0405
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 538 N.E.2d 1380 (People v. Warren) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
People v. Warren, 538 N.E.2d 1380, 183 Ill. App. 3d 197, 131 Ill. Dec. 824, 1989 Ill. App. LEXIS 783 (Ill. Ct. App. 1989).

Opinion

JUSTICE BARRY

delivered the opinion of the court:

Defendant Gerald Warren was charged in two counts with the November 22, 1987, residential burglary of the Rock Falls home of Wennona Bell. The charging instrument alleged that defendant entered Bell’s home with the intent to commit a theft (count I) and the intent to commit criminal sexual assault (count II). Prior to trial, defendant moved to dismiss count II. The court ultimately granted that motion after hearing the testimony of the State’s occurrence witnesses at trial. A jury found defendant guilty of count I, and defendant was sentenced to serve an extended term of 30 years in the Department of Corrections. The court ordered this sentence to run consecutive to a 25-year term imposed for another residential burglary for which defendant had been released on bail bond at the time he committed the instant offense.

In this appeal, defendant contends that the trial court erred in admitting evidence of his prior residential burglary and that he is entitled to a new sentencing hearing because the court erroneously believed that defendant was eligible for an extended term, and because 30 years is excessive. We allowed defendant to file a pro se brief to supplement that of his appellate counsel. In it, defendant challenges his sentence on the further ground that his sentence should not have been made consecutive to that imposed for the prior residential burglary. Having considered all of these issues, we affirm defendant’s conviction and his sentence for reasons that follow.

Prior to trial, defense counsel filed a motion in limine to bar evidence of defendant’s earlier residential burglary. The court reserved judgment on the motion until the State’s occurrence witnesses had completed their testimony and cautioned the prosecutor not to mention the prior offense in opening statement. The State’s evidence as it unfolded at trial established that Wennona Bell and defendant’s sister, Cheryl Heidi, had been friends for many years. Through Cheryl, Bell had met defendant and his brother, Greg Warren. On the evening of November 21, 1987, Bell and her boyfriend, David Burgess, went out on a date. Bell’s two teenage nieces, Kelly and Trina Williams, stayed at her home that night to baby-sit Bell’s three-year-old daughter, Carrie. Bell and Burgess stopped for a drink at the R & R tavern in Rock Falls between 9:30 and 10 p.m. Burgess left Bell at the bar for a few minutes while he went to the restroom. During this period, defendant, who was also at the bar, told the barmaid that he wanted to buy Bell a drink. Bell refused the offer. Defendant left the tavern. Burgess then returned from the restroom and left the tavern with Bell.

The two returned to Bell’s home between 10:30 and 10:45 p.m. Bell and Burgess retired to Bell’s upstairs bedroom, and Kelly and Trina slept downstairs on a couch and chair. Carrie, whose bedroom was down the hall from Bell’s, left her bed to sleep on the floor by her mother’s bed. Around 1:30 a.m., Trina was awakened by the sound of the kitchen window being opened. She went upstairs and lay down to sleep on Carrie’s bed. Then Trina heard more noises coming from the kitchen. She got up and went into Bell’s room, awoke Bell and told her someone was in the apartment. Bell told her to lie down by Carrie. Then a man appeared in the doorway. Bell observed that the man carried no weapon and wore gloves. He stood still for a few seconds and then walked down the hallway toward Carrie’s room. A few seconds later, he reappeared at the doorway to Bell’s room and opened the door. The light from the bathroom illuminated his face. Bell awoke Burgess and yelled out, “It’s Cheryl’s brother!”

The man bolted when Burgess lurched out of the bed to give chase. The man awoke Kelly when he fell down the stairs. He got up and fled through the back door. After assuring himself that Kelly was all right, Burgess walked out the front door. Then he saw a car resembling defendant’s pull out of a parking space in front of the apartment building with its lights out.

A check of the apartment revealed that the intruder had cut the kitchen window screen to gain entry, but that nothing had been taken. Bell was the only witness who had observed the intruder’s face sufficiently to make a positive identification. Burgess, who was acquainted with Greg Warren, but not with defendant, testified that he was certain that the slender build of the man he had chased was not that of Greg, who was heavier set.

The court heard the parties’ arguments on defendant’s motion in limine at the completion of the foregoing testimony. Defense counsel argued that the prior crime evidence was irrelevant and prejudicial. The prosecutor contended that the two offenses were strikingly similar, and they were committed only three months apart and in similar neighborhoods of Rock Falls. Because defendant was relying on an alibi defense, the prosecutor sought admission of the facts of the earlier crime for purposes of identifying defendant as the perpetrator— i.e., modus operandi — and intent to commit theft. The court determined that evidence of the prior offense could be admitted on the question of intent, but not for modus operandi.

At that point, the State introduced three witnesses — an investigating officer and two occurrence witnesses — who testified about an August 1987 residential burglary of the Earl Sliger residence in Rock Falls. A video cassette recorder taken from that residence was found in defendant’s car, which was parked in front of the home when officer Humberto Perez arrived on the scene. Defendant was subsequently arrested and convicted of the offense.

Defendant’s employer, Seymour Lesorgen, and two co-workers at Upholstery Unlimited in De Kalb testified on defendant’s behalf. Each testified that they had seen defendant working on a couch or asleep on a table in the shop at various times between 6 p.m. on November 21 and 10 a.m. the following morning.

As a general rule, evidence of other crimes is inadmissible if offered only to establish defendant’s propensity to commit crime. Exceptions to the rule are permitted where evidence goes to establish, e.g., intent or modus operandi, and the probative value of the evidence clearly outweighs its prejudicial impact. (People v. McKibbins (1983), 96 Ill. 2d 176, 449 N.E.2d 821.) In this case, the trial court ruled that the State could admit evidence of the earlier residential burglary only to the extent needed to establish the element of intent. The court’s ruling prohibited introduction of the prior crime for purposes of modus operandi.

Defendant complains that the State seized upon the opportunity presented by the trial court’s partial denial of defendant’s motion in limine to virtually retry the earlier residential burglary. Having reviewed the evidence in the context of the entire trial, we agree that the State exceeded the boundaries set by the court’s ruling. Rather than limiting the testimony to the fact that defendant had committed another residential burglary and had taken the victim’s property, the prosecutor elicited details concerning defendant’s encounter with the victim at a tavern during the evening of the burglary, his entry through a cut screen, defendant’s approach to the victim’s 12-year-old daughter in her bedroom, and his appearance at the bedroom door of the victim and his wife.

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Related

People v. Perkins
655 N.E.2d 325 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1995)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
538 N.E.2d 1380, 183 Ill. App. 3d 197, 131 Ill. Dec. 824, 1989 Ill. App. LEXIS 783, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/people-v-warren-illappct-1989.