People v. Staten

602 N.E.2d 942, 236 Ill. App. 3d 1032, 177 Ill. Dec. 47, 1992 Ill. App. LEXIS 1787
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedNovember 2, 1992
Docket5-91-0312
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 602 N.E.2d 942 (People v. Staten) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
People v. Staten, 602 N.E.2d 942, 236 Ill. App. 3d 1032, 177 Ill. Dec. 47, 1992 Ill. App. LEXIS 1787 (Ill. Ct. App. 1992).

Opinion

JUSTICE HARRISON

delivered the opinion of the court:

Following a jury trial in the circuit court of Randolph County, defendant, Maurice Staten, was found guilty of unlawful possession of a weapon by a person in custody of a Department of Corrections facility (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 38, par. 24 — 1.1) and sentenced to a 10-year term of imprisonment. He now appeals (134 Ill. 2d R. 606(b)), arguing, inter alia, that the State failed to try him within 160 days of his written demand for a speedy trial. We agree and therefore reverse.

Defendant is an inmate at the State prison in Menard, where he is serving a 20-year sentence for home invasion and armed robbery. In February of 1990, prison guards observed him placing a homemade weapon into a trash container as he was going to breakfast. The weapon consisted of a plastic ball-point pen whose ink cartridge had been replaced by a section of wire coat hanger with a sharpened point. Guards retrieved this weapon and, following a hearing, defendant was subjected to administrative discipline by the institution. Thereafter, the matter was forwarded to the local State’s Attorney, who brought the criminal charge which ultimately gave rise to this appeal.

The information charging defendant was filed on September 24, 1990. Defendant’s court-appointed attorney formally entered his appearance the following week, at which time he also entered a not guilty plea on behalf of defendant, asked for a substitution of judge, made a routine discovery motion and demanded a jury trial. The jury demand, which was mailed to the State’s Attorney on October 1, 1990, and filed by the clerk of the court two days later on October 3, 1990, specifically invoked the provisions of section 103 — 5(b) of the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963 (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 38, par. 103 — 5(b)), commonly referred to as the Speedy Trial Act. That statute applied to defendant by virtue of section 3 — 8—10 of the. Unified Code of Corrections (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 38, par. 1003 — 8—10) and required the State to bring defendant to trial within 160 days of the date his jury demand was filed “unless the delay [was] occasioned by the defendant.” People v. Duckmanton (1985), 137 Ill. App. 3d 465, 467, 484 N.E.2d 942, 943.

The 160-day statutory time period was not met here. It expired on March 12, 1991. Defendant, however, was not tried on the weapons possession charge until March 18, 1991, six days later. Accordingly, defendant is entitled to be discharged with respect to that offense (People v. Wiseman (1990), 195 Ill. App. 3d 1062, 1064, 553 N.E.2d 46, 48), and the charge must be dismissed (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 38, par. 1003-8-10).

The State attempts to avoid this conclusion by arguing that defendant’s speedy trial demand was insufficient because it did not include “a statement of the place of present commitment, the term, and length of the remaining term, the charges pending against him or her to be tried and the county of the charges” as section 3 — 8—10 of the Unified Code of Corrections (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 38, par. 1003— 8 — 10) requires. We acknowledge that such a statement was not, in fact, included in defendant’s demand. We also note, however, that strict compliance with technical formalities has never been required in this State to make a speedy trial demand effective. (See, e.g., People v. Adams (1982), 106 Ill. App. 3d 467, 471, 435 N.E.2d 1203, 1207 (“no magic words are required to constitute a speedy trial demand”).) To the contrary, the rule is that the speedy trial statute is to be construed liberally so as to give effect to the constitutional right to a speedy trial, and in determining whether the statute has been met, each case is to be decided on its own facts. (People v. Smith (1991), 207 Ill. App. 3d 1072, 1074, 566 N.E.2d 797, 798.) In our view, these principles apply with equal force where, as here, the speedy trial demand is subject to the provisions of section 3 — 8—10 of the Unified Code of Corrections (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 38, par. 1003 — 8—10).

Although we have found no authority directly on point, we believe that the statement requirement in section 3 — 8—10 (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1989, ch. 38, par. 1003 — 8—10) was designed to enable counties to more easily locate and obtain for trial prisoners committed to the Illinois Department of Corrections so that those prisoners may obtain a speedy disposition of the charges against them. (See People v. Hood (1991), 223 Ill. App. 3d 157, 159, 583 N.E.2d 1173, 1175 (construing analogous provisions of the Interstate Agreement on Detainers).) In this case, however, that was not a problem. The State knew that defendant was incarcerated in a Department of Corrections facility. After all, the fact of his incarceration was an element of the very offense with which he was charged. Moreover, the State knew exactly where defendant was incarcerated, for even before his lawyer had entered an appearance, the State had procured an order for habeas corpus ad prosequendum, directing the warden at Menard to produce defendant for trial in this case. Under these circumstances, requiring defendant’s jury demand to include the specified statement as to the circumstances of his incarceration and the charges against him would have been a meaningless formality.

Equally untenable is the State’s complaint that defendant’s speedy trial demand was not addressed to the Randolph County State’s Attorney. It is true that the demand was filed with the clerk of the circuit court. While that, alone, was not sufficient to place the State on notice of the filing (People v. Lendabarker (1991), 215 Ill. App. 3d 540, 552, 575 N.E.2d 568, 575, cert. denied (1992), _ U.S. _, 118 L. Ed. 2d 208, 112 S. Ct. 1561), the record also shows that the demand contained on its face a “proof of service” certifying that a copy of it was mailed to the State’s Attorney on October 1, the same date the original was sent to the clerk for filing. Also mailed to the State’s Attorney on October 1 was defendant’s motion for discovery. That motion clearly reached the State’s Attorney by October 3, for the State’s Attorney was able to file his response to the motion that very day. There is no reason to believe that the speedy trial demand reached the State’s Attorney at any different time. Under these circumstances we must conclude that defendant’s speedy trial demand was effectively served on the State’s Attorney no later than the October 3 filing date. See 215 Ill. App. 3d at 552, 575 N.E.2d at 575.

The State next argues that the delay in bringing defendant to trial was attributable to a pretrial motion by defendant to quash the information based on double jeopardy. There is nothing in the record to support this claim. The motion was drafted by defendant, not his attorney, and there is no indication that it did anything but sit in the file until January 28, 1991, when the case was originally set for trial.

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Bluebook (online)
602 N.E.2d 942, 236 Ill. App. 3d 1032, 177 Ill. Dec. 47, 1992 Ill. App. LEXIS 1787, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/people-v-staten-illappct-1992.