People v. Robie

416 N.E.2d 754, 92 Ill. App. 3d 1059, 48 Ill. Dec. 481, 1981 Ill. App. LEXIS 2041
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedFebruary 3, 1981
DocketNo. 80-16
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 416 N.E.2d 754 (People v. Robie) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
People v. Robie, 416 N.E.2d 754, 92 Ill. App. 3d 1059, 48 Ill. Dec. 481, 1981 Ill. App. LEXIS 2041 (Ill. Ct. App. 1981).

Opinions

Mr. JUSTICE HARRISON

delivered the opinion of the court:

The defendant, Carl Gene Robie, was convicted of criminal damage to property in excess of the value of $150 (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1975, ch. 38, par. 21 — 1(a)) and of operating a motor vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating liquor (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1975, ch. 95M, par. 11 — 501(a)) before a jury in the circuit court of Washington County on October 23,1979. The present direct appeal stems from these convictions. Appellant raises issues in regard to (1) whether the prosecution proved beyond reasonable doubt that the defendant “knowingly” damaged property in view of the evidence supporting his theory of voluntary intoxication; and (2) whether the sentence imposed by the trial court was excessive under the circumstances of the crimes’ commission.

On October 28,1980, this court granted appellant’s motion requesting that we consider the additional issue of whether to remand for imposition of sentence upon the traffic conviction where the trial court had failed to do so. (This issue was initially raised by the People in answer to appellant’s brief which contained no discussion of the matter.) The convictions directly appealed from are affirmed and the cause is remanded for imposition of sentence.

Robie simultaneously appeals the dismissal of his petition for post-conviction relief filed July 8, 1980, pursuant to the Post-Conviction Hearing Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1979, ch. 38, par. 122 — 1). The single contention of error concerning this remedial procedure is that the trial court improperly denied petitioner’s constitutional right to due process of law by failure to grant petitioner’s motion for appointment of counsel before granting the State’s motion to dismiss the post-conviction action. We reverse and remand in regard to the post-conviction proceeding.

Both of the charges stemmed from the defendant’s involvement in a collision on June 9, 1977. Robie had been driving his automobile west on Illinois Route 177 toward Hoyleton, Illinois, where his car was observed weaving back and forth across the median between lanes. Two witnesses testified that before reaching Hoyleton proper, the defendant caused each to leave the road to avoid being hit by Robie’s oncoming vehicle. Shortly thereafter, at approximately 5:35 p.m., defendant’s automobile left the road, jumped a curb and careened into a building occupied by the Hoyleton Community Club, Incorporated. The State’s evidence established damage to the area of impact in excess of the statutory amount of $150. Robie remained seated béhind the wheel until the arresting officer arrived moments later; the officer noted a strong odor of alcohol about defendant’s person. He was briefly questioned concerning possible physical injuries, the circumstances of the collision, and then climbed from the car unassisted. Witnesses stated that upon exiting the vehicle and on the way to a nearby hospital defendant exhibited considerable belligerence and uncooperativeness. He had difficulty maintaining his balance when attempting to walk.

During the course of trial defendant chose to take the witness stand in his own behalf. Up to that point defendant’s counsel had built his case on establishing a defense of intoxication. Contrary to that tactic, designed to aid Robie in defeating the more serious criminal damage charge, and contrary to an admission made at the scene, the defendant stated that he had not consumed any alcohol on the afternoon in question and had not been intoxicated. Rather, he asserted that his accelerator malfunctioned, leading to the collision which occurred. His testimony was internally contradictory. Nevertheless, from all of the evidence presented it is clear that Robie was conscious and responsive following the impact. By his own testimony he was aware and could remember everything that happened that day including the point of impact with the Hoyleton building.

On direct appeal Robie contends that the People failed to prove his knowing commission of felonious damage to property. The statute recites that one who “knowingly damages any property of another without his consent” is guilty of the offense. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1975, ch. 38, par. 21 — 1(a).) Appellant maintains that he was incapable of forming the requisite mental state delineated by the statute. Robie uses the terms “knowing” and “intent” interchangeably throughout his argument. The focus of our consideration must be with the mental state which the legislature has established as the threshold for criminal responsibility regarding this offense. Section 21 — 1(a) requires that the party charged “knowingly” accomplish the damage. Knowledge is statutorily defined for these purposes under section 4 — 5 of the Criminal Code:

“A person knows, or acts knowingly or with knowledge of:

(a) The nature or attendant circumstances of his conduct “ ° * when he is consciously aware that his conduct is of such nature or that such circumstances exist.

(b) The result of his conduct * * * when he is consciously aware that such result is practically certain to be caused by his conduct.” Ill. Rev. Stat. 1975, ch. 38, par. 4 — 5.

“ ‘Knowingly’ is used to describe the mental state ‘in which a person, while not having an actual intent to accomplish a specific wrongful pur^ pose, is consciously aware of the nature of his conduct or of the result which will (or which is practically certain to) be caused, or of the circumstances under which he acts, as described by the statute defining the offense.’ [Citation.]” People v. Lynn (1980), 89 Ill. App. 3d 712, 714, 412 N.E.2d 15. See, in addition, Ill. Rev. Stat. 1975, ch. 38, par. 4 — 3.

According to all the evidence presented, the issue of whether the defendant was capable of knowingly accomplishing the offense was within the province of the jury. (People v. Quinn (1977), 46 Ill. App. 3d 579, 583, 360 N.E.2d 1221; cf. People v. Myers (1968), 94 Ill. App. 2d 340, 345-46, 236 N.E.2d 786 (in which the offenses charged were knowingly resisting or obstructing a peace officer (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1965, ch. 38, par. 31 — 1) and reckless conduct (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1965, ch. 38, par. 12 — 5)).) And to the extent that intoxication may present an affirmative defense it must be determined by the jury that the intoxication was so extreme as to negate the existence of the mental state required. Ill. Rev. Stat. 1975, ch. 38, par. 6 — 3(a).

It is our opinion that a jury could weigh the testimony concerning intoxication and the evidence of defendant’s behavior following the accident and determine that he was indeed operating a motor vehicle under the influence of intoxicating liquor. They could also reasonably surmise that the property damage which resulted was the consequence of his knowing behavior. Intoxication may exist in various degrees. A jury could readily conclude that even if the defendant had been drinking, he was not so incapacitated that he did not know the nature or consequences of his actions. We find no reason to interfere with such a determination based on the testimony in this record.

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Related

People v. Smith
479 N.E.2d 328 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1985)

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Bluebook (online)
416 N.E.2d 754, 92 Ill. App. 3d 1059, 48 Ill. Dec. 481, 1981 Ill. App. LEXIS 2041, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/people-v-robie-illappct-1981.