People v. Richard

30 A.D.3d 750, 817 N.Y.S.2d 698
CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
DecidedJune 15, 2006
StatusPublished
Cited by30 cases

This text of 30 A.D.3d 750 (People v. Richard) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
People v. Richard, 30 A.D.3d 750, 817 N.Y.S.2d 698 (N.Y. Ct. App. 2006).

Opinions

Kane, J.

Appeal from a judgment of the Supreme Court (Teresi, J.), rendered October 22, 2002 in Albany County, upon a verdict convicting defendant of the crimes of kidnapping in the second degree, assault in the second degree (two counts) and coercion in the first degree (three counts).

After learning that defendant was sexually involved with co-defendant Shameeka Lewis, the victim created and distributed a flyer stating that defendant had AIDS. When defendant arrived at an apartment where the victim was visiting friends, the victim locked herself in a room. Defendant kicked the door open and threatened the victim with bodily harm while brandishing a knife. He then called friends and relatives to the apartment to watch him humiliate the victim. Defendant ordered the victim into a bathtub while he defecated, then permitted a cousin to videotape the victim obeying defendant’s orders, given while he held the knife and a pistol, to perform humiliating acts with defendant’s feces.

Defendant discussed his plan to make the victim engage in mouth-to-anus contact with Lewis. He led the victim from the apartment to his vehicle at gunpoint and by pulling her hair, placing her in the back seat between himself and another person. The vehicle, containing defendant, the victim, three other adults and two of defendant’s minor children, traveled to Lewis’s apartment. Once there, defendant led the victim inside at gunpoint, ordered her to strip naked, fastened her to a pole in the basement with duct tape and stuffed a sock in her mouth. After leaving her alone in the dark basement for approximately 15 minutes, during which time she urinated on herself, defendant returned with several individuals, including Lewis. Lewis [752]*752and her roommate brought two BB guns. Defendant sat in a chair directly in front of the victim, with the knife and pistol on his lap, and asked her questions. Codefendant Taurean Holland produced an electric stun gun which defendant used twice to shock the victim on her abdomen, causing welts. Despite the victim’s crying and denying some of defendant’s accusations, he ordered Lewis to shoot the victim with a BB gun when he received answers that he did not like. Lewis shot the victim in the breast, then handed the gun to defendant, who shot her in the stomach, with both shots breaking the skin and drawing blood. At defendant’s direction,- Holland then cut the victim loose from the pole and everyone went upstairs.

Defendant, still armed with the pistol, ordered the victim, still naked, to engage in mouth-to-anus contact with Lewis, which she did. The victim was then led into the kitchen and told to lie on her back, where defendant ordered her to engage in sexual-type conduct with his dog. When she resisted, he put the pistol to her head until she complied with his demands. Throughout this ordeal, the other individuals present took pictures and videotaped the victim; defendant made them rewind the video if anyone mentioned the names of the participants. Finally, while defendant permitted the victim to get dressed, he threatened that if she humiliated him again he would circulate the photographs and video to humiliate her.

After the victim escaped and contacted police, defendant returned to Lewis’s apartment and advised her to clean up the crime scene. Lewis and her roommate gave defendant all of the evidence they could find. He later brought the two women to a motel, telling them that the police were looking for them. Defendant then went to Virginia and Connecticut, where he was apprehended by police. Police located an electric stun gun on Holland and a BB gun, a piece of duct tape, BBs and an air cartridge for a BB gun in Lewis’s apartment. The photographs, video and pistol were never recovered. Defendant was charged with, and found guilty of, kidnapping in the second degree,- assault in the second degree (two counts) and coercion in the first degree (three counts). Following Supreme Court’s denial of his CPL 330.30 motion and imposition of maximum consecutive sentences, defendant appeals.

The convictions are not against the weight of the evidence. While defendant implies that the jury should have discredited the victim’s testimony entirely because her videotaped deposition with defense counsel contradicted her trial testimony, the jury was permitted to make its own credibility determinations and believe part or all of a witness’s testimony. The evidence, [753]*753including the victim’s testimony, photographs, medical records, testimony of a codefendant, and the expert testimony regarding stun guns, permitted the jury to find that the victim suffered physical injury, as defined in Penal Law § 10.00 (9), when she was shot with a BB gun and shocked with the stun gun. Weighing the evidence regarding the stun gun, including the manner in which it was used, it was not unreasonable for the jury to find that the stun gun was a dangerous instrument (see Penal Law § 10.00 [13]; § 120.05 [2]; People v MacCary, 173 AD2d 646, 647 [1991], lv denied 78 NY2d 969 [1991]; but see People v Maio Ni, 293 AD2d 552, 552 [2002]; People v Nelson, 292 AD2d 397, 398 [2002]).

Supreme Court correctly refused to charge a lesser degree of assault regarding the BB gun, but erred in refusing to charge the lesser included offense regarding the stun gun. Because defendant specifically requested that the court charge assault in the third degree as a lesser included offense of each count of assault in the second degree, the court was required to give such charges if any reasonable view of the evidence supported them (see CPL 300.50 [1], [2]). To establish his entitlement to these charges as lesser included offenses, defendant had to demonstrate that it is impossible to commit the greater crime without also committing the lesser offense, and that a reasonable view of the evidence could support a finding that defendant committed the lesser offense but not the greater (see CPL 300.50 [1]; People v Van Norstrand, 85 NY2d 131, 135 [1995]; People v Glover, 57 NY2d 61, 63 [1982]). The People concede that it is impossible to commit assault in the second degree under Penal Law § 120.05 (2) without simultaneously committing assault in the third degree under Penal Law § 120.00 (1), thus satisfying the first prong.

As to the second prong, the result differs for the two assault charges here. The BB gun was a loaded weapon which discharged a shot that was readily capable of producing serious physical injury, making it a deadly weapon (see Penal Law § 10.00 [12]; People v Madeo, 103 AD2d 901, 902 n [1984]; People v Jones, 54 AD2d 740, 740 [1976]; but see People v Bowman, 133 AD2d 701 [1987], lv denied 70 NY2d 953 [1988]). The only reasonable view of the evidence is that if defendant assaulted the victim with the BB gun, he assaulted her with a deadly weapon. Therefore, under this count, Supreme Court correctly refused to charge a lesser included offense. Regarding the second assault charge, however, a reasonable view of the evidence could support a finding that the stun gun was not readily capable of causing serious physical injury under the circumstances in which it [754]*754was used.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
30 A.D.3d 750, 817 N.Y.S.2d 698, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/people-v-richard-nyappdiv-2006.