People v. Page

4 N.Y.S. 780, 7 N.Y. Crim. 5, 22 N.Y. St. Rep. 277, 52 Hun 610, 1889 N.Y. Misc. LEXIS 1710

Opinion

Landon, J.

The defendant was indicted at the oyer and terminer in Warren county in February, 1874, for feloniously obtaining goods of one Peck by means of false pretenses respecting his means and ability to pay. The indictment was found under section 53, art. 4, tit. 3, c. 1, of the fourth part of the Bevised Statutes, (2 Bev. St. marg. p. 677.) The defendant was tried and convicted upon the indictment at the Warren county sessions in June, 1888. The pretenses proven upon the trial were verbal, and not in writing, and Peek sold the goods to the defendant. The Penal Code took effect December 1, 1882. By section 528, the offense of obtaining property by false pretenses is made larceny, and the punishment prescribed differs from that prescribed by the section of the Bevised Statutes under which the defendant was indicted. The defendant therefore could not have been tried under the ex post factolivw of the Penal Code; and, if he had been, he could not have been convicted, because section 544 provides: “A purchase of property by means of a false pretense is not criminal where the false pretense relates to the purchaser’s means or ability to pay, unless the pretense is made in writing, and signed by the party to be charged.” The trial court held that the provisions of the Bevised Statutes governed the case. Section 725 of the Penal Code provides: “Nothing in this Code affects any of the provisions of the following statutes, but such statutes are recognized as continuing in force notwithstanding the provisions of this Code, except so far as they have been repealed or affected by subsequent laws; * * * (4) All acts defining and providing for the punishment of offenses, not defined and made punishable by this Code.” If this section kept the provisions of the Bevised Statutes respecting the offense of obtaining property by false pretense in force, it did so only until June 5,1886. By chapter 593 of the laws of that year all of titles 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, of chapter 1 of the fourth part of the Bevised Statutes was repealed. This repealed the section under which the defendant was indicted and tried, nothing in the Penal Code or Code of Criminal Procedure could be effective to prevent a subsequent legislature from repealing a statute which those Codes sought to perpetuate. The statute, therefore, under which the defendant was indicted had ceased to exist before his trial took place. Ho different statute enacted after he committed the acts for which he was indicted could be invoked against him. He therefore escapes because no penal law exists to which he is amenable for the acts proved against him. Hartung v. People, 22 N. Y. 95. Conviction and sentence reversed, and, as no conviction can be had, the defendant must be discharged. All concur.