People v. Kelly

125 Cal. App. 3d 563
CourtCalifornia Court of Appeal
DecidedNovember 10, 1981
DocketCrim. No. 37925
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 125 Cal. App. 3d 563 (People v. Kelly) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering California Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
People v. Kelly, 125 Cal. App. 3d 563 (Cal. Ct. App. 1981).

Opinion

Opinion

ASHBY, J.

By jury trial appellant was convicted of receiving stolen property. He was sentenced to a midterm of two years in the state prison.

The stolen property appellant was found to have received was a maroon 1978 Cadillac belonging to Mr. and Mrs. Holt of Compton. The car was discovered at appellant’s residence bearing the license plates of a green 1978 Cadillac belonging to Allen Douglas, which had been stolen a few days prior to the Holt theft.

The Holt car was stolen from the parking lot of the Cerritos shopping mall on September 21, 1979. On September 17 the Douglas car had been stolen from a driveway in Compton. The Douglas car was recovered in the parking lot of the Cerritos shopping mall on September 21, 1979, without its license plates.

On October 31, 1979, Officer Tounzen of the Long Beach Police Department auto theft detail was looking for Donald McCaney to arrest him for an unrelated auto theft. He saw McCaney on the street in front of 140 East 69th Way and arrested him. Appellant and another man walked up. McCaney asked appellant to make a phone call for him. Officer Tounzen asked appellant if McCaney lived with him, and appel[566]*566lant replied that he did. Appellant then walked to the backyard and the other man left in a car.

Officer Tounzen observed a maroon late model Cadillac in the driveway and decided to run the license number by police radio. The report came back that the license plates in question had been reported lost or stolen. Officer Tounzen walked to the backyard where appellant was cleaning a fish tank and asked if appellant knew to whom the Cadillac belonged. Appellant replied that it belonged to some white dude named Douglas Allen or something like that. Tounzen asked if appellant knew where the man lived, and appellant pointed to a small house to the rear, 142 East 69th Way, which shared the common driveway. Officer Tounzen knocked at that door and got no answer. He then asked appellant if he had ever seen the man drive the vehicle, and appellant replied he did not know. The officer asked if appellant ever drove the vehicle and appellant stated no. The officer asked if appellant ever had anything to do with the vehicle, and he stated no.

Officer Tounzen went back to the car and viewed the vehicle identification number through the window. He ran that number on the radio and learned that the car had been stolen on September 21. The officer further learned that the license plates on the vehicle were registered to Allen Douglas but had recently been stolen from a different vehicle.

Officer Tounzen entered the vehicle. In the glove box he found a job application with appellant’s name on it. He then arrested appellant. After the car was towed and impounded, Officer Tounzen made a further search and found the Douglas registration.

John Mulvahill lived at 142 East 69th Way. He did not know anyone named Douglas Allen (sic). He had seen appellant drive the maroon Cadillac.

Appellant testified in his own defense. A man named Jerome Gatewood had moved in temporarily with appellant and McCaney. Gatewood brought the car with him. Appellant did not know it was stolen. Although Gatewood had no job, Gatewood always had a lot of cash from dealing in dope, and told appellant he had bought the car. Appellant had driven the car several times. Gatewood was the other man with appellant when McCaney was arrested. Gatewood did not leave in a car but rather entered the house when appellant went to the backyard. Shortly thereafter, Gatewood came running out of the house, saying, [567]*567“Hey, the officers call in my car, I have a warrant. Tell him, you know, I am not here” and Gatewood jumped the gate. When the officer came to the backyard appellant did not tell him about Gatewood. Appellant denied ever driving the car because he did not want to get into trouble. He told the officer it belonged to “the dude that live in the back.” Appellant mentioned the name Douglas Allen (sic) because appellant had seen the registration in the car before.

Appellant contends (1) that the trial court’s comments at the time of denying bail show that the court prejudged the question of appellant’s sentence; (2) that Officer Tounzen illegally searched the Cadillac; and (3) that the prosecutor improperly elicited evidence of appellant’s invocation of his right to remain silent. We find no merit to the arguments.

During trial appellant was on $1,000 bail. When the verdict of guilty was rendered, the court indicated appellant should be remanded or that bail should be raised substantially. The court inquired about appellant’s record and was told he had two arrests for grand theft but no convictions, and a couple of juvenile matters, one apparently involving an assault with a deadly weapon.

“The Court: Well, he’s probably going to have to do some time, and, of course, he gets credit for it. So he can either be remanded, or I’m going to raise the bail to $5,000? [II] (Mr. Hix confers with the defendant.) [11] The Court: He will get credit for all time, and I’m satisfied he’s gonna have to do some time. [11] All right, defendant is remanded. [U] Mr. Hix: The bail is reset? [11] The Court: No, we’ll just exonerate the bail. [11] Defendant is remanded.”

Appellant construes these remarks to mean that the court had prejudged that it would ultimately sentence appellant to time in custody. We disagree. To rule on the question of bail after conviction, the court properly took into account appellant’s record and the seriousness of the offense charged. (Pen. Code, § 1275.) The switching of license plates indicated a fairly sophisticated theft. That the court estimated the probabilities at the time of the bail decision does not mean that the court prejudged the sentence or that the court failed to exercise its discretion properly at the time of sentencing, when the court had before it more complete information by way of the probation officer’s report. The report indicated appellant was part of a substantial auto theft operation.

[568]*568Appellant next argues that Officer Tounzen improperly searched the car without a warrant. We hold the trial court correctly ruled that the car could be searched without a warrant because it was stolen. (People v. Hackett (1981) 115 Cal.App.3d 592, 598 [171 Cal.Rptr. 320]; People v. James (1969) 1 Cal.App.3d 645, 648 [81 Cal.Rptr. 845]; People v. Hill (1974) 12 Cal.3d 731, 748, fn. 18 [117 Cal.Rptr. 393, 528 P.2d 1].) The car was itself evidence of the crime being investigated, the theft of the car. (People v. Hill, supra.) This distinguishes the search from a search of a closed container within a car (People v. Dalton (1979) 24 Cal.3d 850, 858 [157 Cal.Rptr. 497, 598 P.2d 467]) or a routine inventory of a car belonging to a suspect. (Cf. Mozzetti v. Superior Court (1971) 4 Cal.3d 699, 707 [94 Cal.Rptr. 412, 484 P.2d 84].) The registration certificate and the job application were properly admitted into evidence.1

Finally, appellant contends the prosecutor violated his constitutional rights by (1) eliciting testimony concerning appellant’s nonwaiver of his Miranda rights and (2) by commenting upon appellant’s prearrest silence.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Webb v. State
575 N.E.2d 1066 (Indiana Court of Appeals, 1991)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
125 Cal. App. 3d 563, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/people-v-kelly-calctapp-1981.