People v. GRIHAM

929 N.E.2d 1213, 399 Ill. App. 3d 1169, 341 Ill. Dec. 134, 2010 Ill. App. LEXIS 399
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedMay 13, 2010
Docket4-08-0752
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 929 N.E.2d 1213 (People v. GRIHAM) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
People v. GRIHAM, 929 N.E.2d 1213, 399 Ill. App. 3d 1169, 341 Ill. Dec. 134, 2010 Ill. App. LEXIS 399 (Ill. Ct. App. 2010).

Opinion

JUSTICE KNECHT

delivered the opinion of the court:

On August 20, 2008, a jury convicted defendant, Dennis Griham, of unlawful possession of a weapon by a felon (720 ILCS 5/24 — 1.1(a) (West 2008)). The offense was elevated to a Class 2 felony (720 ILCS 5/24 — 1.1(e) (West 2008)) due to defendant’s 1996 Class 2 felony conviction under the Illinois Controlled Substances Act (720 ILCS 570/401(d) (West 1996)). Defendant also has a 1997 Class 2 felony burglary conviction and a 1993 Class 3 felony conviction for unlawful possession of a weapon by a felon. On October 3, 2008, the trial court sentenced defendant to 25 years’ imprisonment as a Class X offender based upon defendant’s pair of prior Class 2 felony convictions. 730 ILCS 5/5 — 5—3(c)(8) (West 2008).

Defendant appeals, arguing (1) his conviction should be reversed because the State failed to prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt since both eyewitnesses recanted their earlier statements, and (2) the sentence was an improper double enhancement.

We affirm in part, vacate in part, and remand with directions.

I. BACKGROUND

On May 1, 2008, Danville police responded to a call reporting a man with a gun in a gray Jeep. Defendant matched the description of the gunman given to the police. Police confronted defendant while he was sitting in a gray Jeep parked on the street in front of his home. Defendant’s home was approximately six blocks from the location where the gunman was originally reported. When the police told defendant to stop, he responded by running into his home. Defendant’s wife allowed police into the home, where defendant was found hiding in the attic. Defendant was arrested. Police searched the home and Jeep, but no gun was found.

That same day, Travis Lester gave a recorded statement to the police stating defendant threatened him with a handgun in his driveway. In his recorded statement, Travis said while defendant pointed a handgun at him, defendant stated if Travis’s brother or cousin testified in court against defendant’s friends regarding an earlier robbery, there “was gonna be some bloodsheddin’.” Paulette Lester, Travis’s sister, also gave a recorded statement to police on May 1, 2008. In her recorded statement, Paulette said she saw defendant pull a handgun on Travis.

At trial, the recorded statements of both Travis and Paulette were admitted into evidence and played for the jury. In his actual trial testimony, Travis stated he had never seen defendant in possession of a handgun. When impeached with portions of his recorded statement, Travis repeatedly answered he did not remember saying such things earlier. In her trial testimony, Paulette stated the handgun possessed by defendant was a toy and not a real firearm. Paulette had never previously made such a claim.

On this evidence, the jury convicted defendant as stated. At the October 2008 sentencing hearing, defendant told the court, “I did not know I was *** facing 6 to 30 years. I would have [accepted a plea bargain] if I’d [known] that [I could] be enhanced to [a] Class X felony.” Defendant was sentenced to 25 years’ imprisonment.

This appeal followed.

II. ANALYSIS

A. Reasonable-Doubt Challenge

Defendant argues he was not proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt because both eyewitnesses recanted their earlier statements at trial.

When reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence, we will not reverse a conviction where when viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the State, any rational finder of fact could have found the defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. People v. Ross, 229 Ill. 2d 255, 272, 891 N.E.2d 865, 876 (2008).

We conclude the jury in this case could have found the prior inconsistent recorded statements of Travis and Paulette were more believable than their testimony at trial. See People v. Curtis, 296 Ill. App. 3d 991, 999-1000, 696 N.E.2d 372, 378-79 (1998). The jury could have believed Travis and Paulette changed their testimony solely in response to threats by defendant or persons wishing to help defendant avoid conviction.

B. Improper Double Enhancement Defendant also argues, for the first time on appeal, his sentence was an improper double enhancement because the same 1996 Class 2 felony conviction under the Controlled Substances Act was used both to elevate the instant charge to a Class 2 felony and to enhance his sentence as a Class X offender. Defendant requests vacature of his Class X sentence and remand for resentencing within the 3- to 14-year Class 2 penalty range (720 ILCS 5/24 — 1.1(e) (West 2008)).

The information charging defendant only mentions the 1996 Class 2 felony conviction under the Controlled Substances Act. Defendant is correct, the same conviction was used to establish guilt and enhance his sentence. People v. Gonzalez, 151 Ill. 2d 79, 86, 600 N.E.2d 1189, 1192 (1992). Defendant was sentenced as a Class X offender because he had a 1997 Class 2 burglary conviction and the 1996 Class 2 conviction under the Controlled Substances Act.

The State argues defendant’s 1993 felony conviction for unlawful possession of a weapon by a felon is sufficient to elevate the instant conviction to a Class 2 felony. Thus, use of the 1997 Class 2 burglary conviction and 1996 Class 2 conviction under the Controlled Substances Act to then sentence defendant as a Class X offender would not be an improper double enhancement because the Controlled Substances Act conviction was not needed to establish guilt. Defendant counters the State should be bound by the exact wording of the charge in the information.

A double enhancement is not improper if the legislature clearly expresses an intent to allow it. People v. Owens, 377 Ill. App. 3d 302, 304, 878 N.E.2d 1189, 1191-92 (2007). However, the First District has held “nothing in the statutory language of section 5 — 5—3(c)(8) of the [Unified Code of Corrections (Unified Code) (730 ILCS 5/5 — 5—3(c)(8) (West 2008))] expressly indicates the legislature intended double enhancement to be permissible in Class X sentencing.” Owens, 377 Ill. App. 3d at 305, 878 N.E.2d at 1192; see also People v. Chaney, 379 Ill. App. 3d 524, 532, 884 N.E.2d 783, 789 (2008).

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

In re Nasie M.
2015 IL App (1st) 151678 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 2016)
People v. Ivy
2015 IL App (1st) 130045 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 2015)
People v. Melvin
2015 IL App (2d) 131005 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 2015)
People v. Morris
2014 IL App (1st) 130152 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 2014)
People v. Easley
2012 IL App (1st) 110023 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 2012)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
929 N.E.2d 1213, 399 Ill. App. 3d 1169, 341 Ill. Dec. 134, 2010 Ill. App. LEXIS 399, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/people-v-griham-illappct-2010.