People v. Grenko

825 N.E.2d 1222, 356 Ill. App. 3d 532, 292 Ill. Dec. 211, 2005 Ill. App. LEXIS 315
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedMarch 28, 2005
DocketNo. 4-03-0294
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 825 N.E.2d 1222 (People v. Grenko) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
People v. Grenko, 825 N.E.2d 1222, 356 Ill. App. 3d 532, 292 Ill. Dec. 211, 2005 Ill. App. LEXIS 315 (Ill. Ct. App. 2005).

Opinions

PRESIDING JUSTICE COOK

delivered the opinion of the court:

Defendant, Deborah S. Grenko, appeals the order summarily dismissing her pro se petition filed under the Post-Conviction Hearing Act (Act) (725 ILCS 5/122 — 1 through 122 — 8 (West 2002)). Defendant argues the circuit court applied the wrong standard in dismissing her petition at the first stage of postconviction proceedings and she raised the gist of a meritorious claim. We affirm.

I. BACKGROUND

In September 1999, a jury convicted defendant of solicitation of murder for hire (720 ILCS 5/8 — 1.2 (West 1996)). In October 1999, the trial court sentenced defendant to 30 years’ imprisonment. This court affirmed defendant’s conviction on direct appeal. People v. Grenko, No. 4—99—0892 (April 5, 2002) (unpublished order under Supreme Court Rule 23).

In December 2002, defendant filed a pro se postconviction petition. The 61-page petition was accompanied by exhibits numbered 1 to 59b and set forth many alleged errors. These alleged errors included the following: (1) jurors slept during trial; (2) defense counsel was ineffective for, among other things, failing to seek a fitness hearing; (3) the jurors were exposed to prejudicial news articles; (4) the prosecution and defense counsel made improper statements during trial; and (5) the charging instrument was flawed. In February 2003, the circuit court, concluding the claims in the petition were frivolous and patently without merit, denied the petition. This appeal followed.

II. ANALYSIS

On appeal, defendant asserts the circuit court erred by applying the wrong standard and dismissing her petition. Defendant contends the circuit court improperly examined the merits of her allegations at the first stage, instead of determining whether the petition set out the gist of a meritorious claim. Defendant cites three examples of the court’s alleged failure to apply the appropriate standard and then simply concludes she stated the gist of a meritorious claim.

The State argues defendant challenges only the trial court’s reasoning in dismissing her postconviction petition and not the correctness of the court’s decision. The State concludes defendant has thus forfeited consideration of the merits of the decision. In the alternative, the State addresses defendant’s three contentions and argues the court’s decision was proper.

By enacting the Act, the legislature provided a remedy for those defendants who suffered a substantial violation of constitutional rights at trial. See People v. Edwards, 197 Ill. 2d 239, 243-44, 757 N.E.2d 442, 445 (2001). According to the Act, in cases not involving the death penalty, a postconviction proceeding has three stages. Edwards, 197 Ill. 2d at 244, 757 N.E.2d at 445. “At the first stage, the circuit court must independently review the post[ ]conviction petition *** and determine whether ‘the petition is frivolous or is patently without merit.’ ” Edwards, 197 Ill. 2d at 244, 757 N.E.2d at 445, quoting 725 ILCS 5/122 — 2.1(a)(2) (West 1998). If the court finds the petition to be frivolous or patently without merit, it must dismiss the petition. 725 ILCS 5/122 — 2.1(a)(2) (West 2002). A postconviction petition is frivolous or patently without merit if the petition’s allegations, liberally construed and taken as true, do not present the gist of a constitutional claim. See People v. Gaultney, 174 Ill. 2d 410, 418, 675 N.E.2d 102, 106 (1996). To state the “gist of a constitutional claim,” a low threshold, the petition need not present the claim in its entirety but “need only present a limited amount of detail.” Gaultney, 174 Ill. 2d at 418, 675 N.E.2d at 106.

If the petition states the gist of a claim and the petition is not dismissed, the petition proceeds to the second stage, where, if necessary, counsel is appointed for defendant and the State may file responsive pleadings. See Edwards, 197 Ill. 2d at 245-46, 757 N.E.2d at 446. The trial court then must decide whether defendant’s petition and documentation “make a substantial showing of a constitutional violation.” Edwards, 197 Ill. 2d at 246, 757 N.E.2d at 446. If not, the circuit court must dismiss the petition. If the defendant has made a substantial showing of a constitutional violation, the petition advances to the third stage at which the court holds an evidentiary hearing. Edwards, 197 Ill. 2d at 246, 757 N.E.2d at 446, citing 725 ILCS 5/122—6 (West 1998). We review de novo summary dismissals of postconviction petitions. People v. Patton, 315 Ill. App. 3d 968, 972, 735 N.E.2d 185, 189 (2000).

We agree with the State that defendant’s arguments on appeal are flawed because they challenge the trial court’s reasoning but not the ultimate decision. Defendant’s briefs failure to address the merits of the decision makes it difficult for us to ascertain and resolve the issues raised. Generally, such a failure would result in a finding that the appellant forfeited consideration on appeal. See 210 Ill. 2d R. 341(e)(7) (“Points not argued are waived”); see also Elder v. Bryant, 324 Ill. App. 3d 526, 533, 755 N.E.2d 515, 522 (2001). Compliance with Rule 341(e)(7) is, however, not jurisdictional. People v. Donoho, 204 Ill. 2d 159, 169, 788 N.E.2d 707, 714 (2003). Because one of defendant’s assertions causes debate as to whether a gist of a meritorious claim was raised, we will address that issue.

Defendant argues that the circuit court improperly dismissed her claim that she was denied a fair trial because jurors were sleeping during her trial. To support her assertion, defendant attached a notarized letter from her mother and her own affidavit, both stating some jurors slept through the trial. Defendant failed to alert the trial court to the sleeping jurors during the trial.

The State contends that because defendant failed to alert the court to the sleeping jurors during the trial, the issue is waived. The State relies upon People v. Silagy, 101 Ill. 2d 147, 461 N.E.2d 415 (1984), and People v. Nix, 150 Ill. App. 3d 48, 501 N.E.2d 825 (1986).

In Silagy, our supreme court found the defendant forfeited, on direct appeal, consideration of his argument he was denied a fair trial because a juror was seen sleeping. Silagy, 101 Ill. 2d at 170-71, 461 N.E.2d at 426-27. The court held a defendant who sees a juror sleeping has “a duty to call it to the attention of the court at that time.” Silagy, 101 Ill. 2d at 171, 461 N.E.2d at 427. In Nix, the Third District, on appeal from the dismissal of a postconviction petition, applied Silagy and rejected the argument premised on the allegation that a juror slept during trial. Nix, 150 Ill. App. 3d at 50, 501 N.E.2d at 827.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
825 N.E.2d 1222, 356 Ill. App. 3d 532, 292 Ill. Dec. 211, 2005 Ill. App. LEXIS 315, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/people-v-grenko-illappct-2005.