People v. Eddins

143 A.D.2d 355, 532 N.Y.S.2d 314, 1988 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 9171
CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
DecidedSeptember 12, 1988
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 143 A.D.2d 355 (People v. Eddins) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
People v. Eddins, 143 A.D.2d 355, 532 N.Y.S.2d 314, 1988 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 9171 (N.Y. Ct. App. 1988).

Opinion

— Appeal by the defendant from a judgment of the County Court, Westchester County (Rosato, J.), rendered March 18, 1985, convicting him of attempted murder in the second degree, criminal use of a firearm in the first degree and criminal possession of a weapon in the fourth degree, upon a jury verdict, and imposing sentence. This appeal brings up for review the denial, after a hearing, of that branch of the defendant’s omnibus motion which was to suppress his statements to a law enforcement agent.

Ordered that the judgment is reversed, on the law and the facts, that branch of the defendant’s omnibus motion which was to suppress his statements to a law enforcement agent is granted, and a new trial is ordered.

The defendant’s conviction -arose from a March 31, 1982, incident on the Sprain Brook Parkway during which he purportedly shot Angelo Guerra. It was the People’s contention that the defendant had intended to shoot another individual, who had failed to pay a sum of money owed to the [356]*356defendant’s friend Fioravante (Fred) Marra. At the trial, Marra testified as to his August 17, 1983, conversation with the defendant and the People introduced into evidence part of that recorded conversation, during which the defendant allegedly admitted that he had committed the Sprain Brook Parkway shooting.

On this appeal, the defendant challenges the hearing court’s denial of his request to suppress the use of the evidence relating to his recorded statements to Marra made on August 17,1983.

The testimony at the Huntley hearing, in relevant part, indicated that in April 1982 the defendant was arraigned on unrelated charges of possession of a weapon and reckless endangerment. At that time, he indicated to the District Attorney’s office and to the State Police that he had information regarding various other unrelated criminal activities, including the shooting incident on the Sprain Brook Parkway. Following unsuccessful negotiations in April 1982 with the prosecutor’s office, the defendant’s then Legal Aid Society attorney informed the District Attorney’s office that in counsel’s absence, the defendant was not to be questioned concerning the Sprain Brook Parkway shooting incident. Subsequently, the Legal Aid Society was relieved as counsel for the defendant and a new attorney was assigned to represent the defendant.

On September 24, 1982, the District Attorney’s office arranged a meeting with the defendant and several police officers. The defendant’s attorney was expected to be in court with him that day but could not be located. Although the defendant stated that he was willing to proceed with the meeting, he said he was not willing to waive his right to have his attorney present at that time. Consequently, the Assistant District Attorney in charge promised that the defendant’s statements and any evidence derived from those statements would not be used against the defendant. During the meeting, the defendant, upon being questioned about a murder in White Plains, claimed that Fioravante (Fred) Marra had committed that murder. The only reference to the Sprain Brook Parkway shooting was a question about a newspaper article concerning the shooting, in response to which the defendant said that Marra kept a photocopy in his office.

In June 1983, the police interviewed Marra about the White Plains murder. Marra denied any involvement with the murder, and refused to believe that the defendant had implicated [357]*357him, thereby prompting the police to show Marra a portion of the transcript of the September 1982 meeting wherein the defendant had accused Marra of committing the murder. Marra then agreed to cooperate with the police by recording his conversations with the defendant purportedly in order for Marra to clear himself of any involvement in the White Plains murder. Thereafter, Marra, concededly acting as a police agent, had numerous conversations with the defendant, including the aforementioned August 17,1983, conversation.

Despite the hearing court’s finding that on August 17, 1983, the defendant was, in fact, represented by counsel with regard to the Sprain Brook Parkway incident when he made certain statements to Marra, an admitted police agent, the court refused to suppress the August 17, 1983 statements. This was error.

The police were "chargeable with knowledge” that the defendant was represented by counsel with regard to the Sprain Brook Parkway incident (People v Knapp, 57 NY2d 161, 173, rearg denied 58 NY2d 779, cert denied 462 US 1106). Therefore, on August 17, 1983, when Marra, acting as a police agent, asked the defendant questions about this shooting incident, the defendant’s State constitutional right to counsel was violated (see, People v Knapp, supra; People v Skinner, 52 NY2d 24). Consequently, the August 17, 1983, statements should have been suppressed "notwithstanding that [the] defendant was not in police custody at the time the statements were made” (People v Knapp, supra, at 174; see, People v Skinner, supra).

As to the specific contentions raised by the People, we note that there is no basis for disturbing the hearing court’s specific findings that on August 17, 1983, the defendant had been represented by counsel with respect to the Sprain Brook Parkway incident; and that the defendant had never affirmatively or effectively waived such representation in the presence of counsel at any time. In addition, there was no testimony supporting a finding that the law enforcement officers thought that such representation had been terminated prior to the defendant’s August 17, 1983, statements (see, People v Marrero, 51 NY2d 56). While the hearing court found that the defendant did not need the "shield” of counsel because he continually contacted the police directly in order to arrange deals to settle the legal charges against him, the "[critical [factor] was that the defendant was represented on the very matter about which he was questioned, a past crime” (cf., People v Ferrara, 54 NY2d 498, 508). At no time did the [358]*358defendant seek to entrap the law enforcement authorities into violating his right to counsel. He clearly indicated that he had no intention of permitting the use of any incriminating statements he might make outside the presence of his counsel. "By concealing the fact that [Marra] was an agent of the State, the police denied [the defendant] the opportunity to consult with counsel” (Maine v Moulton, 474 US 159, 177). It cannot be concluded that had the defendant known that Marra was acting as a police agent, he would have nevertheless discussed the Sprain Brook Parkway incident without making certain that such statements would not be used against him. It is clear that as to any incriminating statements made by the defendant, he intended "to place an advocate between himself and the vast law enforcement resources of the State” (cf., People v Ferrara, supra, at 507).

Further, our decision directing suppression does not interfere with legitimate investigative methods of law enforcement personnel (see, People v Skinner, 52 NY2d 24, 32, n 3, supra; cf., People v Ferrara, supra). "[L]aw enforcement officials must operate within the bounds of our State constitutional guarantees of * * * the right to counsel” (People v Skinner, supra, at 32, n 3).

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
143 A.D.2d 355, 532 N.Y.S.2d 314, 1988 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 9171, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/people-v-eddins-nyappdiv-1988.