People v. Cotto

Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York

People v. Cotto

240 A.D.2d 193, 658 N.Y.S.2d 278, 1997 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 5979

CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York

DecidedJune 5, 1997

StatusPublished

Cited by6 cases

This text of 240 A.D.2d 193 (People v. Cotto) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook

People v. Cotto, 240 A.D.2d 193, 658 N.Y.S.2d 278, 1997 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 5979 (N.Y. Ct. App. 1997).

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Opinion

Judgment, Supreme Court, New York County (Marcy Kahn, J.), rendered April 16, 1996, convicting defendant, after a jury trial, of murder in the second degree, criminal use of a firearm in the first degree and criminal possession of a weapon in the third degree, and sentencing him to concurrent terms of 25 years to life, 10 to 20 years and 21/s to 7 years, respectively, unanimously affirmed.

The court properly admitted into evidence the unsworn but highly reliable out-of-court statements of a prosecution witness (see, 169 Misc 2d 194), since misconduct by defendant in intimidating the witness was established by clear and convincing evidence (People v Geraci, 85 NY2d 359), including evidence that the witness was threatened by unknown persons almost immediately after his identity was disclosed to the defense. The court’s ruling barring cross-examination of the witness was appropriate under the circumstances presented since the witness’s testimony was at complete variance with his prior statement to the People (see, People v Geraci, supra, at 367). In any event, we find the issue unpreserved.

The statements made by the victim in the ambulance within 30 minutes after he was shot were properly admitted into evidence under the excited utterance exception to the hearsay rule (People v Brown, 70 NY2d 513). Although the excited utterances were not received as dying declarations, the People properly commented in summation on the victim’s awareness of the life-threatening gravity of his wounds.

Defendant failed to preserve his challenges to the conduct of the court (People v Charleston, 56 NY2d 886), and we decline to review them in the interest of justice. Were we to review them, we would find them to be without merit. The unusual circumstances presented, which resulted from defendant’s proven misconduct, warranted a departure from normal procedures and the intervention of the trial court, none of which deprived defendant of a fair trial (see, People v Yut Wai Tom, 53 NY2d [194]*19444), particularly since the jury was absent during virtually all of the challenged conduct by the court (People v White, 213 AD2d 347, lv denied 85 NY2d 981; People v Gilbert, 103 AD2d 967, 968).

We have considered defendant’s remaining contentions and find them to be without merit. Concur—Wallach, J. P., Rubin, Williams and Andrias, JJ. [See, 169 Misc 2d 194.]

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Judgment, Supreme Court, New York County (Marcy Kahn, J.), rendered April 16, 1996, convicting defendant, after a jury trial, of murder in the second degree, criminal use of a firearm in the first degree and criminal possession of a weapon in the third degree, and sentencing him to concurrent terms of 25 years to life, 10 to 20 years and 21/s to 7 years, respectively, unanimously affirmed.

The court properly admitted into evidence the unsworn but highly reliable out-of-court statements of a prosecution witness (see, 169 Misc 2d 194), since misconduct by defendant in intimidating the witness was established by clear and convincing evidence (People v Geraci, 85 NY2d 359), including evidence that the witness was threatened by unknown persons almost immediately after his identity was disclosed to the defense. The court’s ruling barring cross-examination of the witness was appropriate under the circumstances presented since the witness’s testimony was at complete variance with his prior statement to the People (see, People v Geraci, supra, at 367). In any event, we find the issue unpreserved.

The statements made by the victim in the ambulance within 30 minutes after he was shot were properly admitted into evidence under the excited utterance exception to the hearsay rule (People v Brown, 70 NY2d 513). Although the excited utterances were not received as dying declarations, the People properly commented in summation on the victim’s awareness of the life-threatening gravity of his wounds.

Defendant failed to preserve his challenges to the conduct of the court (People v Charleston, 56 NY2d 886), and we decline to review them in the interest of justice. Were we to review them, we would find them to be without merit. The unusual circumstances presented, which resulted from defendant’s proven misconduct, warranted a departure from normal procedures and the intervention of the trial court, none of which deprived defendant of a fair trial (see, People v Yut Wai Tom, 53 NY2d [194]*19444), particularly since the jury was absent during virtually all of the challenged conduct by the court (People v White, 213 AD2d 347, lv denied 85 NY2d 981; People v Gilbert, 103 AD2d 967, 968).

We have considered defendant’s remaining contentions and find them to be without merit. Concur—Wallach, J. P., Rubin, Williams and Andrias, JJ. [See, 169 Misc 2d 194.]

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240 A.D.2d 193, 658 N.Y.S.2d 278, 1997 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 5979, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/people-v-cotto-nyappdiv-1997.

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