People v. Clark

448 N.E.2d 926, 114 Ill. App. 3d 252, 70 Ill. Dec. 48, 1983 Ill. App. LEXIS 1731
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedApril 18, 1983
Docket81-2300
StatusPublished
Cited by27 cases

This text of 448 N.E.2d 926 (People v. Clark) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
People v. Clark, 448 N.E.2d 926, 114 Ill. App. 3d 252, 70 Ill. Dec. 48, 1983 Ill. App. LEXIS 1731 (Ill. Ct. App. 1983).

Opinion

JUSTICE McGLOON

delivered the opinion of the court:

After a jury trial, defendant Billy Clark was convicted of murder, attempted murder, aggravated battery and armed violence. He was sentenced to serve concurrent terms of 15 years for attempted murder and 40 years for murder in the penitentiary.

On appeal, defendant contends that the cumulative impact of improper prosecutorial comments during opening and closing arguments denied defendant a fair trial.

We reverse and remand for a new trial.

In his opening statement, before any testimony had been heard and prior to discussing what the State’s evidence would show, the prosecutor warned the jury about the defense attorney’s tricks:

“It is like thinking of it in terms of slide [sic] of hand. How does the slide [sic] of hand trick work? It works by getting you to take your eyes off the subject that you are supposed to be looking at and look at some distraction.
(Objection overruled.)
*** And if you take your eye off the coin and off the evidence in this case and go chasing after what the lawyers tell you, you are going to be in serious trouble ***.
*** [W]hen lawyers ask questions of witnesses, sometimes the form of those questions seem to indicate that the lawyers may know something about the witness or the facts of the case that you haven’t heard in evidence. So if the lawyer asks the question, when did you stop beating your wife ***.”

The trial judge sustained defense counsel’s second objection and warned the prosecutor to “get into the evidence.”

The prosecutor returned to the themes of “attorney’s tricks” and “sleight of hand” and tactics employed by the defense attorney during the State’s rebuttal closing argument:

“Ladies and gentlemen, you remember the first day of this trial I stood before you ***. And I was in the process of telling you the tactics the defense attorney will employ during the trial so you can anticipate that happening * * * when I was cut short by an objection by the defense.
(Objection overruled.)
Well, what I was telling you about was how defense attorneys use slide [sic] of hand in defending people and I can understand why the defense wouldn’t want me to tell you about this.
(Objection overruled.)
*** And what I was in the process of telling you, when you are defending somebody, when you are defending a case where the evidence is as overwhelming as the evidence in this case, there is only one thing you can do - [that] is get the jury to ignore the evidence ***. And it is just like a magician uses slight of [sic] hand, the way they make a coin disappear is by getting you to look at something else.
The old trick, look at the hand, don’t look at the evidence, and that’s exactly the way defense attorneys make the evidence disappear by getting you to look at something else and the only something else that is available to them is naked speculation.”

In discussing the defense presented, the prosecutor commented that the defense attorney is a very able and experienced defense attorney, who has “been around the block a few times.” He continued by stating that as an experienced defense attorney he knew that the jury would not receive a certain photograph until they forgot its significance. This “trick,” the prosecutor explained, is employed by experienced defense attorneys in an effort to confuse the jury and has been employed by the defense attorney throughout the trial.

The prosecutor then described to the jury how the defense attorney attempted to mislead the jury by “dirtying the victim.” He explained that the defense attorney tried to make the jury dislike the surviving victim in an effort to discredit her testimony. He further informed the jury that when the defense has no facts favorable to his side, the defense attorney will “dirty the victim” so that the jury is apathetic about convicting the defendant. The prosecution concluded its discussion of defense tactics by stating, “We are subject to these types of tactics, and jurors like yourselves let people like Bobby [sic] Clark go free.”

Defendant contends that the prosecutor’s remarks from opening statement through 19 pages of closing arguments prejudiced him.

We find that the prosecutor’s conduct was improper and substantially prejudiced defendant’s right to a fair trial. Here, as in People v. Suggs (1977), 50 Ill. App. 3d 778, 365 N.E.2d 1118, the prosecutor’s accusations of trickery on the part of defense counsel tended to arouse the jury’s antagonism against defendant and his attorney. Further, it created a trial of the defense attorney rather than a determination of defendant’s innocence or guilt. (See also People v. Stock (1974), 56 Ill. 2d 461, 309 N.E.2d 19; People v. Monroe (1977), 66 Ill. 2d 317, 362 N.E.2d 295.) We realize that there is considerable evidence which would sustain defendant’s conviction, as there was in the case of People v. Weathers (1975), 62 Ill. 2d 114, 338 N.E.2d 880. As stated therein, this fact operates to present the issue, not to resolve it. One accused of a crime is entitled to a fair trial regardless of the proof against him. (62 Ill. 2d 114, 119, 338 N.E.2d 880, 883.) Therefore, the repeated verbal attacks on defense counsel, far exceeding permissible courtroom decorum, violated defendant’s right to a fair trial. Suggs.

The fact that the accusations were made during the prosecution’s opening statement makes them even more reprehensible. This is so because the prosecutorial misconduct was unprovoked and had the effect of directing the jury to view the defense’s evidence, that had not yet been presented, with suspicion. The improper comments were emphasized when the prosecutor repeated them in closing arguments. Under these circumstances, the prosecutor’s repeated comments that the defense attorney engaged in “attorney’s tricks,” “sleight of hand,” and “dirtying the victim” were sufficiently prejudicial to warrant reversal. However, other areas of prosecutorial misconduct also contribute to our conclusion that defendant was denied a fair trial.

The record shows that the prosecutor created the impression that the defense attorney was hiding evidence:

“*** [I]f we didn’t prove that the victim was once alive and then killed *** [defense attorney] could make a motion outside your presence to dismiss these charges. He also knows that you don’t know that.
(Objection overruled.)
We have to prove great bodily harm to you.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

People v. Starnes
869 N.E.2d 834 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 2007)
People v. Makiel
635 N.E.2d 941 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1994)
People v. Brown
624 N.E.2d 1378 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1993)
Rutledge v. St. Anne's Hospital
595 N.E.2d 1165 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1992)
People v. Pierce
635 N.E.2d 391 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1992)
People v. Murillo
587 N.E.2d 1199 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1992)
United States Ex Rel. Hunley v. Godinez
784 F. Supp. 522 (N.D. Illinois, 1992)
People v. Buchanan
570 N.E.2d 344 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1991)
People v. Sanders
555 N.E.2d 812 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1990)
People v. Coleman
534 N.E.2d 583 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1989)
People v. Morando
523 N.E.2d 1061 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1988)
People v. Lasley
511 N.E.2d 661 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1987)
People v. Lopez
504 N.E.2d 862 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1987)
People v. Jennings
492 N.E.2d 600 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1986)
People v. Bean
485 N.E.2d 349 (Illinois Supreme Court, 1985)
People v. Townsend
483 N.E.2d 340 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1985)
People v. Piscotti
483 N.E.2d 363 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1985)
People v. Valentin
480 N.E.2d 1351 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1985)
People v. Harbold
464 N.E.2d 734 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1984)
United States ex rel. Shaw v. DeRobertis
581 F. Supp. 1397 (N.D. Illinois, 1984)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
448 N.E.2d 926, 114 Ill. App. 3d 252, 70 Ill. Dec. 48, 1983 Ill. App. LEXIS 1731, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/people-v-clark-illappct-1983.