People Ex Rel. York v. Downen

456 N.E.2d 286, 119 Ill. App. 3d 29, 74 Ill. Dec. 784, 1983 Ill. App. LEXIS 2431
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedNovember 4, 1983
Docket83-295
StatusPublished
Cited by9 cases

This text of 456 N.E.2d 286 (People Ex Rel. York v. Downen) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
People Ex Rel. York v. Downen, 456 N.E.2d 286, 119 Ill. App. 3d 29, 74 Ill. Dec. 784, 1983 Ill. App. LEXIS 2431 (Ill. Ct. App. 1983).

Opinion

JUSTICE WELCH

delivered the opinion of the court:

Respondent Alan Downen, State’s Attorney of Hamilton County, appeals from an order of the circuit court of that county enjoining him from conducting a grand jury investigation into alleged election irregularities occurring in connection with the general election held November 2, 1982. That order also appointed the Attorney General of the State of Illinois as a special prosecutor for the purposes of conducting such an investigation. The respondent’s assignments of error are that (1) the trial court erred in denying his motion for a change of venue as a matter of right, (2) the petition and the evidence in support of it were insufficient to justify the appointment of a special prosecutor, and (3) the injunction issued was overly broad. Because we agree that the petitioners have not established cause to appoint a special prosecutor, we reverse the court’s order and need not consider the remaining issues.

The alleged election irregularities which are the subject of this litigation have to do with the casting of approximately 700 absentee ballots in the 1982 general election. After that election took place, the respondent was contacted by the Illinois State Board of Elections, who alerted him to the possibility of those irregularities. The respondent, in turn, contacted the Illinois Department of Criminal Investigation, which sent several agents to Hamilton County to investigate the casting of absentee ballots. A suit was filed in the circuit court of Hamilton County, captioned Illinois State Board of Elections and Alan Downen v. Lovella Craddock. This suit, against the county clerk of Hamilton County, sought impoundment of the absentee ballots. Those ballots were still under impoundment at the time of the hearing on the instant petition.

In February 1983, the respondent filed a petition with the circuit court to convene a grand jury. One of the areas of investigation by this grand jury was to be the alleged voting irregularities. That grand jury was scheduled to meet on April 18, 1983. This litigation began with the filing of a petition by certain voters and residents of Hamilton County on April 11. The petitioners averred that the respondent was “interested in any cause of [sic] proceedings, civil or criminal, which may arise concerning the General Election held November 2, 1982,” and requested the appointment of a special prosecutor pursuant to section 6 of “An Act in regard to attorneys general and state’s attorneys” (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1981, ch. 14, par. 6).

The respondent asserts that the petition was insufficient as a matter of law, for it did not identify a pending cause of action from which he could have been disqualified. While section 6 (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1981, ch. 14, par. 6) only refers to the appointment of special prosecutors in pending cases, this does not mean that the circuit court is limited to those circumstances in appointing a prosecutor. These principles are explained in In re Appointment of Special State’s Attorneys (1976), 42 Ill. App. 3d 176, 356 N.E.2d 195, and Wilson v. County of Marshall (1930), 257 Ill. App. 220, and there is no need to repeat them here.

Section 6 of “An Act in regard to attorneys general and state's attorneys” authorizes the appointment of a special prosecutor if the State’s Attorney “is interested in any cause or proceeding, civil or criminal, which it is or may be his duty to prosecute or defend.” (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1981, ch. 14, par. 6.) The petition filed in these proceedings lists two categories of conflicts which, it is asserted, preclude the respondent from calling for the grand jury investigation into the alleged voting irregularities., First, the petitioners contended, and the court so found, that the statutory duty of the respondent to give legal advice to county officials such as the county clerk (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1981, ch. 14, par. 5) gave rise to an attorney-client relationship between the respondent and the clerk, and thus to a conflict of interest. Second, the petitioners referred to certain irregularities in the absentee ballots cast by the respondent’s grandmother and ex-wife. This category of allegations was not mentioned in the court’s order.

We cannot agree that the respondent’s capacity as advisor to the county clerk gives rise to a conflict of interest requiring the appointment of a special prosecutor. In In re Grand Jury Investigation of Swan (1981), 92 Ill. App. 3d 856, 415 N.E.2d 1354, it was held that a State’s Attorney was not disqualified from investigating alleged misconduct involving a township official merely because the State’s Attorney represented that official in several pending suits, in the State’s Attorney’s capacity as attorney for the county board. To disqualify the State’s Attorney from conducting such an investigation would “require the appointment of a special prosecutor in every investigation of official misconduct involving county officials.” (In re Grand Jury Investigation of Swan (1981), 92 Ill. App. 3d 856, 863, 415 N.E.2d 1354, 1360.) The Swan court rejected such a result, and so do we.

Nor have the petitioners produced specific evidence which would establish that the respondent’s convening of a grand jury to investigate a subject which might involve the county clerk would present a conflict of interest. Both the respondent and Ms. Craddock, the county clerk, testified that they had had discussions concerning the conduct of the general election, but neither could recall the exact times or subjects of those conversations. The respondent stated that he had probably talked about the absentee ballots with Ms. Craddock some time after he was contacted by the State Board of Elections. However, as the respondent correctly maintains, this evidence shows no more than that he was fulfilling his statutory duty to provide legal advice to county officials. As such, no conflict has been established, according to Swan. See also Environmental Protection Agency v. Pollution Control Board (1977), 69 Ill. 2d 394, 372 N.E.2d 50.

Furthermore, the existence of the impoundment suit fails to present a conflict of interest. This action neither renders him interested in the outcome of an investigation as a private individual, nor places him in the status of a party to any action arising from an investigation, except in his capacity as a prosecutor. (People v. Trolia (1982), 107 Ill. App. 3d 487, 437 N.E.2d 804, cert, denied (1983),_ U.S._, 75 L. Ed. 2d 798, 103 S. Ct. 1442; People v. Lynn (1980), 89 Ill. App. 3d 712, 412 N.E.2d 15.) The impoundment suit is merely an adjunct to the investigation of the Department of Criminal Investigation and was designed to facilitate the grand jury proceedings. It would be incongruous to create a conflict of interest due to a State’s Attorney’s filing of an action against county officials in order to preserve evidence.

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Bluebook (online)
456 N.E.2d 286, 119 Ill. App. 3d 29, 74 Ill. Dec. 784, 1983 Ill. App. LEXIS 2431, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/people-ex-rel-york-v-downen-illappct-1983.