(PC) Rodriguez v. Cate

Opinion

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 ERICK EDDIE RODRIGUEZ, Case No.: 1:21-cv-00898-KES-SKO (PC) 12 Plaintiff, ORDER DECLINING TO ADOPT FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 13 v. (Doc. 57) 14 MATTHEW CATE, et al., 15 Defendants.

16 17 Plaintiff Erick Eddie Rodriguez (“Rodriguez”) is a former state prisoner proceeding pro se 18 in this civil rights action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. This matter was referred to a United States 19 magistrate judge pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(B) and Local Rule 302. 20 Rodriguez filed his complaint on September 10, 2019. Doc. 1. On October 27, 2021, the 21 court directed Rodriguez to pay the filing fee for this action, finding that he had sufficient funds 22 to pay the fee. Doc. 23. The filing fee was paid on March 29, 2022.1 See docket (receipt 23 #CAE100050269). The court screened the complaint, finding it plausibly stated Eighth 24 Amendment claims regarding conditions of confinement, and directed service upon defendants. 25 Docs. 35, 36. Defendants filed their answer on June 20, 2023. Doc. 43. The court referred the 26 1 On March 14, 2022, the magistrate judge issued an order to show cause why the matter should 27 not be dismissed for failure to obey a previous court order (Doc. 23) requiring Rodriguez to pay the $402 filing fee. Doc. 28. Rodriguez paid the filing fee within two weeks of the order to show 1 case to post-screening alternative dispute resolution and directed the parties to meet and confer 2 and inform the court whether they believed settlement was achievable. Doc. 44. Defendants filed 3 a notice informing the court accordingly (Docs. 45, 46), but Rodriguez did not file any response 4 (see docket). On May 27, 2024, defendants filed a motion for summary judgment (Doc. 53), to 5 which Rodriguez failed to file any opposition or statement of non-opposition (see docket). 6 On June 14, 2024, the assigned magistrate judge recommended this action be dismissed 7 for plaintiff’s failure to obey court orders and failure to prosecute. Doc. 57. The parties were 8 advised that any objections were to be filed within fourteen days of the date of service of the 9 order. Id. at 5-6. Rodriguez did not file any objections, and the time to do so has passed. 10 According to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1), this court conducted a de novo review of this case. 11 Having carefully reviewed the file, the court declines to adopt the findings and recommendations. 12 The magistrate judge concluded that Rodriguez’s failure to file an opposition to the 13 motion for summary judgment, in violation of Local Rule 230(l), supported dismissal for failure 14 to prosecute and failure to obey court orders. See Doc. 57. However, despite the language of 15 Local Rule 230(l), dismissal of a case for failure to prosecute because of a party’s failure to 16 oppose a motion for summary judgment would be improper. “[U]nder the Federal Rules, a 17 motion for summary judgment may not be granted based on a failure to file an opposition to the 18 motion, regardless of any local rule that suggests the contrary.” Heinemann v. Satterberg, 731 19 F.3d 914, 916 (9th Cir. 2017); see also Henry v. Gill Inds., Inc., 983 F.2d 943, 950 (9th Cir. 1993) 20 (“A local rule that requires the entry of summary judgment simply because no papers opposing 21 the motion are filed or served, and without regard to whether genuine issues of material fact exist, 22 would be inconsistent with Rule [of Civil Procedure] 56, hence impermissible under Rule 83.”); 23 Fed. R. Civ. P. 56 Advisory Committee Notes (2010) (“[S]ummary judgment cannot be granted 24 by default even if there is a complete failure to respond to the motion.”). 25 Here, the findings and recommendations do not recommend granting the motion for 26 summary judgment for failure to oppose the motion pursuant to Local Rule 230; rather, they 27 recommend dismissing the case for plaintiff’s failure to obey a court order and failure to 1 45. However, given that summary judgment cannot be granted based on a plaintiff’s failure to 2 oppose the motion for summary judgment, “[t]he practical effect” of ordering the plaintiff to file 3 an opposition to the motion, and then dismissing the case with prejudice for his failure to do so, 4 would be “to grant summary judgment as a sanction” for violating a local rule, which the Ninth 5 Circuit has expressly disavowed. Marshall v. Gates, 44 F.3d 722, 725 (9th Cir. 1995). 6 Moreover, the Henderson factors do not support dismissal for plaintiff’s failure to file an 7 opposition to the pending summary judgment motion. Henderson v. Duncan, 779 F.2d 1421, 8 1423 (9th Cir. 1986). Prior to dismissing a case as a sanction, the court must consider “(1) the 9 public's interest in expeditious resolution of litigation; (2) the court's need to manage its docket; 10 (3) the risk of prejudice to the defendants; (4) the public policy favoring disposition of cases on 11 their merits; and (5) the availability of less drastic alternatives.” Id. 12 The first and second factors weigh against dismissal. Given that plaintiff need not file an 13 opposition to the motion for summary judgment, plaintiff’s failure to oppose the motion is not 14 preventing the case from moving forward nor preventing the court from managing its docket. 15 Similarly, there is no prejudice to defendant if the court decides defendant’s motion for summary 16 judgment on its merits. The fourth factor weighs heavily in support of non-dismissal, as public 17 policy strongly favors disposition of cases on their merits, and the motion can be decided on the 18 merits without an opposition. Finally, the fifth factor lends some support for dismissal. Plaintiff 19 was warned that failing to comply with the court’s orders could result in dismissal of the action, 20 and the Ninth Circuit has held that such warning satisfies the “considerations of the alternatives 21 requirement,” see Ferdik v. Bonzelet, 963 F.2d 1258, 1262 (9th Cir. 1992). However, the other 22 factors outweigh this factor, and the case should not be dismissed for plaintiff’s failure to file an 23 opposition to the summary judgment motion. 24 /// 25 /// 26 /// 27 /// 1 Accordingly, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED: 2 1. The court declines to adopt the findings and recommendations issued on June 14, 2024 3 (Doc. 57); 4 2. This matter is referred back to the assigned magistrate judge for further proceedings 5 consistent with this order. 6 7 g | IT ISSO ORDERED. _ 9 Dated: _ October 11, 2024 4h 10 UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28